JOURNAL OF IRANIAN SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT STUDIES (JISDS)
Year:2013 | Volume:5 | Issue:1 (17)|Papers Count:8

The meaning of development methodology is the highlighting of the kinds of encounters toward development. In development methodology, the approaches and views toward development are being reviewed. There are at least three methods in development. The oldest one is the traditional method of development. The school of classic modernization is among approaches which have a traditional view toward development. The main characteristic in this method is a duality between traditional and modern elements and a belief of a partition in order to move toward development. The second method is the method of behavioral sciences. Everything in this method in general and development discussions in particular are affected by the hegemonic positivism. Focusing on the objectivity of things in development discussions becomes the center issue. Objectivism in development proportionately highlights the necessities of positivism. In development debates, the duality of views also weakens the traditional methodology. The school of new modernization uses the behavioral science methods to discuss its debates. The third method is the method of post-behavioral sciences. In this method, each and every traditional certainty and also the objectivity of behavioral sciences decline and the inner elements of development move to the center of discussions. In this method the pluralistic patterns of development could be discussed. Also exist in this method the ecological factors regarding the development. Pluralism in development is the outcome of post-behavioral sciences method.

Science is a social phenomenon with two aspects: individual and social. Science has a value system. For achieving scientific development, it needs to recognize the scientific values that must transmit to the society members. Between the social members, two groups are distinguished. First, who are hoped to achieve their desires with science opportunities, and the second who are experienced academic sphere. By studying the sociological theories and thoughts, scientific values are examined in the statistics society and assigned that these variables have coherence with accepting the scientific values: age, sex, spouse educated, TV. programs, radio programs, magazine studying, scientific association membership, job, faculty sphere, relational understanding and Scientifics typology.

Regional encounters are considered as a symbol of crisis progression in security politics of different countries. Countries located in geo-politic regions, face these realities. In the process of Iran-Iraq war, the symbols of crisis management could be noted. The crisis management is executed by, great powers, countries in the mentioned territory and actors which are capable in playing an effective role in controlling the regional encounters. In the impose war the symbols of crisis management could be noted. The pattern of crisis management is an answer to security threats. In each stage of power equation, different kinds of crisis management would exist. In other words, in each stage of war transition, different actors played various roles.New devices were used and finally, different processes came to emerge which could be as a result of the characteristics of a bi-polar structure.In the process of crisis management in regional encounters, the actors do oppositional, cooperative or armed actions against one another. In a condition which a universal structure could control the actors and events, the crises don’t grow vastly and military encounters could be controlled in a better way. The processes of Iran-Iraq war showed that the Iran resistance left some universal structure pressures impotent. Among the examples are the security councils’ resolutions and the attempts to impose armaments sanctions on Iran. Each one of the above mentioned could be recognized as a crisis management symbols and patterns in regional encounters. The crisis management processes make the supportive, oppositional and equipoise policies unavoidable.

Women in all countries have an important role in development process and female carpet weavers in Taka’abafshar have economic abilities like other rural women in Iran which could help in rural development and country economy. These women weave carpets beside farming, homemaking and animal husbandry which results in an effective help to the country economy, income increase and avoiding rural immigrations. The main aim of this study is the assessment of the women’s’ economic abilities and its role in rural developmentin Iran.The research method of this article is predicative, descriptive and documentary and the data collection method is using a questionnaire and doing interviews. The statistical population of this study is married women of rural areas of Taka’ab division in West Azarbayijan province. Regarding the Cochran statistical test, the results show that the more powerful the economic ability in women the more power exists in economic conditions of family and also the greater their social power in the society and their families. In order to do this, we should increase the level of professional education and their literacies and reaching this requires a management with a positive orientation.

The main aim of this study is to evaluate the identity trilogy dimensions (regional, national and global) among the youth and its role on the cultural development of east Azarbayijan province in 2012. The research method is survey and the statistical population is 18-25 year old individuals which reside in the province. With the use of Cochran formula a 430 sample size was obtained and chose by the sampling method of multi-staged cluster sampling. The measurement is executed by a researcher made questionnaire after obtaining the validity from the professors of the respective field of identity and also the questionnaire reliability is tested by Cronbach's alpha. The results show that the regional and national identity is classified in six indices and global identity is classified in five indices. The data analysis is executed by the version 19 of SPSS and one way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test and Friedman test were used. The findings show that the dominant identity among the youth is the ethnic identity and national and global identities are next to that. There is a direct relationship between ethnic identity and national and global identities but there is an inverse relationship between national and global identities.

The historical fabrics of cities are among the invaluable places that show the old culture, history and architecture science of urban society. In other words, they show the social character and identity of the city. Region number 12 in Tehran is located in a historical core which there exists: Golestan palace, Abgineh, Tambr, Sekkeh, Sabaa, Islamic Consultative Assembly, national arts and etc. and also because of the emergence of some problems such as exhaustion, weakness in mending and inconsistency in management, the reanimation, development and maintaining projects face complex difficulties, regardless of high cultural, economic and valuable tourism potentials. So this article attempts to assess the different managerial, somatic, cultural and economic dimensions using a descriptive-analytical method so that with its results, strategies of reanimation, development and maintaining the historical fabrics could be executed more. The results show that the weakness in cooperation of respective organizations (integrated management) and lack of appropriate mending agendas are among the most important factors in the emergence of fundamental challenges in this region.

The main aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of ecological-social behaviors on social development (case of study: the southern pars staff). Other aims of this research include the assessment of the relationship between civil participation networks, social norms and social trust and the ecological-social behaviors of the southern pars staff. The research method is survey and the statistical population is 60850 staff of Southern Pars. With the use of Cochran formula a 381 sample size was obtained and chose by the sampling method of cluster sampling. The data analysis is executed by the version 18 of SPSS and AMOS. The results show that there is a significant relationship between the three above mentioned variables and the ecologicalsocial behaviors of the southern pars staff because the significance level from the executed structural models in AMOS were 0.027, 0.024, 0.012 respectively less than 0.05. In other words all three hypotheses in this article are approved.

Justice is among the estates and consistencies and center of human existence which without, human beings don’t understand the meaning of life. Societies in this regard couldn’t reach justice without rising and trying to spread it. Also, justice exists in human nature which without, the humanity loses its meaning. All individuals with common sense are moving toward justice. This justice is not only is the factor of growth, development, welfare and security in society, but also is the factor of unity and integrity in society. Justice provides human being with endurance and equability. In the assessment of Imam Khomeini’s point of view about justice, first the word justice is evaluated historically in Islamic reflection and then it is investigated in Imam Khomeini’s thoughts and finally, some strategies for establishing social justice is extracted from his writings and ordinances.