SADRA MEDICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL
Year:2018 | Volume:6 | Issue:4 |Papers Count:8

Introduction: Cancer is one of the diseases that its prevention and treatment affects the integrity of individuals. Most people get frustrated when they find out they have been diognised with cancer. Part of this emotion is related to the mysterious nature of cancer, and partly due to the lack of knowledge about how to deal with it. The aim of this study is to investigate the structural and social factors affecting the tendency of cancer patients to social networks. Materials and Methods: Eighteen cancer patients that used Instagram were interviewed thoroughly. Data were concurrently analyzed, using the grounded theory. This qualitative study was conducted in the 1397-1396 period, during which 18 cancer patients using Instagram were selected by snowball sampling method. Findings: According to an analysis of the data from the interview, factors such as depression, cancer taboo and lack of social and psychosocial support emerged, all of which influenced the tendency of patients to use Instagram. Conclusion: According to the statements of cancer patients using the Instagram, these patients were living in a depressing atmosphere due to the boredom from their illness. Intervening factors, such as taboo of cancer in the community, led the cancer patients to the Instagram. According to the findings of this study, it seems that providing facilities and facilitating communication through cyberspace reduce patients’ tensions and increases their survival rate.

Introduction: The main objective of this research was to investigate the effects of L-arginine supplementation and resistance training on muscle strength and some blood fat profiles and body composition in adolescent boys. Methodology: Thirty-six adolescent boys (age: 16. 81± 1. 19 years; BMI: 20. 17± 4. 15 kg/m2) were randomly divided into three groups (experimental groups 1 and 2 as well as a control group). Participants in both experimental groups trained three times a week and performed 3 sets of 8-15 repetitions of resistance exercise with the intensity of 60-75% of one repetition maximum for 8-weeks. The first experimental group took two grams of L-arginine supplements along with performing resistance training, while the second experimental group took the same amount of a placebo (Starch). The participants’ weight, body mass index (BMI), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (CT), triglyceride (TG), LDL to HDL ratio (LHR), arm circumference (AC), thigh circumference (ThC), and maximum strength of bench press, back press, barbell press, squat, and leg press were measured at baseline and after eight weeks of exercise. Data were analyzed using mixed ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc (α ≤ 0. 05). Results: Significant improvements in the participants’ weight, BMI, chest bench, back press, barbell press, squat, and leg press were observed in both experimental groups (P<0. 05). The first experimental group showed significant improvements in LDL, TC, TG, and AC (P<0. 05). There was no significant difference in HDL, LHR, and ThC in any groups (P>0. 05). Control groups, however, did not show significant difference in any of the parameters (P>0. 05). Conclusion: This study showed that eight-weeks of resistance training along with taking L-arginine supplements can positively affect muscle strength and some blood lipid profiles as well as body composition in adolescent boys.

Background: Vaccines are among the most available effective tools to prevent infectious diseases. The Global Vaccine Action Plan 2011– 2020 (GVAP) compelled all nations to reach ≥ 90% national coverage for all vaccines by 2020. The aim of this study was to determine the vaccination coverage in children aged 0-18 months in Fars province, southern Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from 28 cities of Fars province, in which 6229 children 0-18 months were studied using multi-stage sampling. Information about vaccination was collected by a door-to-door survey and approved by the vaccination card at six age ranges of at birth, and at 2, 4, 6, 12 and 18 months of age. Results: The findings showed that 98. 6% of children had vaccination card, and the highest coverage rate was at birth. The vaccination coverage at birth, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months were 99. 96, 99. 93, 99. 90, 99. 75, 99. 70 and 99. 20% respectively. In this study, the vaccination coverage at all times was high and close to 100%. Conclusion: Immunization coverage will be reached the GVAP goals by 2020. However, maintaining this coverage level and solving some problems can promote vaccine-preventable diseases surveillance system.

Background and Aim: Empowering the parents of children with autism is required for the provision of care to children. Understanding factors influencing parental competence is required for healthcare staff including nurses. Therefore, this study aimed to describe parental empowerment among the parents of children with autism. Methods: This was a qualitative study in which 16 parents and teachers of children with autism participated. The data was collected using focus group interviews at Shiraz Autism Society. The conventional content analysis method was used in order to analyze the data. Results: Two themes developed in this study were “ self-efficacy” including sub-categories of "self-improvement and self-esteem" and “ adapting with the present situation” including the sub-categories of "acceptance of the child’ s illness, patience, calm mind and thought, participation and interaction of other family members for the enhancement of care, social protection and support advantages and spiritual connection. " Conclusion: The phenomenon of empowering the parents of children with autism can be defined as “ adherence to existing conditions to gain self-efficacy” . Moreover, the findings of this study provide knowledge about planning for appropriate interventions to evaluate and improve parental empowerment for dealing with autism.

Background and purpose: Procrastination is a common phenomenon, especially in education. The purpose of this study was to recognize and identify the predictive factors of academic procrastination. Material and method: The present study was performed in a causal framework. The statistical population included all students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. Sampling was carried out in two stages and in two ways, namely available and targeted sampling. In the first stage, from among 181 subjects, two samples with high and low procrastination level were identified and the data were analyzed using diagnostic analysis. The data were collected using Procrastination Assessment Scale – Students (PASS), Test Anxiety Scale, Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, Self-efficacy Scale, Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale, and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). Results: The results showed that out of 35 subjects, 33 (94. 3%) showed low procrastination level, and 29 (93. 5%) out of 31 subjects showed low procrastination level based on the scores of mindfulness, self-efficacy and perfectionism. Information about these three variables can help to accurately categorize people (up to 93. 5%) to high and low procrastination level. Conclusion: The results help to diagnose students’ academic procrastination before they encounter any problems. Based on the results, mindfulness therapies are recommended to reduce academic procrastination.

Background: The success and failure of an organization depends on the employees’ job performance. From the social point of view, each person's best desire for organizations is to have employees who do their job well. Good performance will increase the productivity of the organization, which will also directly improve the services of organizations and promote the development of the national economy. Methods: This research was a cross-sectional, descriptive-correlation study in which Structural Equation Modeling Analysis was utilized with the help of SmartPlus software. Considering the fact that in this research, three standard 5-point Likert scale questionnaires were used for collecting the data in the field, this survey is a survey. The statistical sample of this study consisted of 341 personnel employed in Ahwaz city hospitals in 2017. These samples were classified using random sampling method and Cochran formula was used to analyze the data. Results: The results of this study showed that there was a direct and meaningful relationship with the value of 0. 395 at 1% error level between original leadership and job performance among statistical samples of this research. Furthermore, the results of the effect of the mediation of psychological empowerment on the relationship between authentic leadership and job performance, and between psychological empowerment and job performance was found to be 53% at the error level of 1% in the statistical population of this study. Conclusion: The authentic leadership feature enhances the psychological empowerment of the staff, ensuring the basic needs and satisfaction of the employees, and the greater utilization of human capital. Concerns about the achievement of organizational goals and values for hospital staff, coupled with the genuineness of leadership, will enable them to enjoy their job and to showcase their self-esteem, which eventually will promote job performance and productivity of the organization.

In qualitative studies, one of the most common methods for data collection is interviewing. The interview is aimed at understanding the experience of other people and understanding the meaning of that experience. In qualitative studies, interviews were conducted with the following approaches: 1) an informed conversational interview or an unstructured, non-standardized interview; 2) a semi-structured interview; 3) a standardized open-ended interview or structured interview; and 4) combined approaches. Asking open-ended questions, clarifying, being an active listener, asking for probing questions, observing, being neutral, making changes, waiting for unexpected things and having an active presence in an interview are the skills needed for interviewing. During the interview, choose the appropriate place for the interview, and explain the purpose(s) of the interview for the interviewees. Describe the framework of an interview. Tell the participants how long the interview might last. Give your contact or telephone number to the participants. Give the participants an opportunity to ask questions. Finally, take field notes during the interview or record interviews and transcribe them after the end of the interview.

Perturbation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis under a stressful situation leads to a stress condition termed “ ER stress” which induces the activation of a finely regulated program defined as unfolded protein response (UPR), whose primary aim is to restore disorders or normal cell conditions. Under prolonged or sustained ER, stress conditions may result in activation-induced cell death. The UPR has three main arms; activation of each arm can lead to various effects on the expression of essential genes in cells. In recent years, ER stress response regulator molecules have been considered by the researchers as a very strong and effective candidate for pharmaceutical and therapeutic purposes in many diseases, including cancer, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, heart and liver diseases, and allergies.