JOURNAL OF THE MARCO AND STRATEGIC POLICIES
Year:2017 | Volume:4 | Issue:16|Papers Count:8

In national innovation systems (NIS), policy making requires a process to formulate and implement the policies. In order to map the big picture of policy making of national innovation systems (NIS), it is necessary to analyze the process of policy making from design to implementation and monitoring and evaluation system. In this paper the process of policy making in national innovation system in Iran is studied according to institutional mapping. At first, by the review of literature, study available document and interviewing some experts, this process has identified and related complications were extracted. Then the implications have been validated and prioritized through Likert scale by distributing questionnaires among this field’s experts. According to this research, the most important complications in the process of policy making in national innovation system in Iran is associated with the monitoring and evaluating systems. solutions have been suggested to improve the system.

The main purpose of this study is to examine the impact analysis of action and structure on adaptation behavior to drought, that based on documentation and literature review. According to this, the role of agency and structure in social science research and understanding of the world based on social theories, especially structuration theory of Giddens were explained. Then, in the direction of achieving the goals of documents such as document of future perspective and holistic scientific agriculture roadmap, how the relationship between structure and action in drought conditions, as social or environmental context within which people live and work, were analyzed. In the next step, different approaches in the study of adaptation and vulnerability to environmental hazards described. The results showed that all activities adapted to drought appears in the social context, and promotion of adaptive capacity can' t be clearly understood without considering the social context, because the context rise to, the design, implementation and use of strategies to provide adaptability. This approach allows a comprehensive analysis and review in accordance with the social realities of local communities on adaptation behavior to drought will provide, and thus linking the macro strategies of adaptation to micro strategies of local communities in the areas of adaptability, vulnerability and resilience studies to environmental hazards such as drought will be even.

In spite of this fact that small and medium industries sector play important role in developed and developing countries and has a significant role in economic growth, employment and export, unfortunately these industries is not in a proper status in Iran. The deficiency of policies designed to support small and medium industries, is one of the main impediment of small and medium industries development. The aim of this paper is to study the effect of Inefficiency in Policies on Iran’s small and medium industries development surveying of SME experts with structural equation modeling. According to the findings, there are statistically positive relationships between the quality and functioning of designed policies to support SMEs and the capability and performance indexes of small and medium industries development. Therefore, it is inferred that the Inefficiency in Policies has negatively affects the situation of small and medium industries in Iran.

This study investigates the effects of financial liberalization on the performance of commercial banks in Iran using time series data from 2001: 1 to 2014: 4. For empirical estimates, this study is used Johansen-Juselius cointegration and vector error correction model. Results of the Johansen co-integration method shows that, in the long run variables the loans of the Bank, liquidity, economic growth, financial liberalization and trade liberalization has a positive effect on the performance of commercial banks and variables such as the ratio of receivables to total loans, as banks and commercial banks are adversely affecting the rate of inflation. Error correction coefficient also shows that in each period 0.28 percent of imbalance performance commercial banks, modified and is moving towards its long-term trend.

Effort to attract foreign capitals is not an economic weakness. But it is a way to stimulate the production flow, international trade growth, technology transfer, job creation, increased living standards in societies. This study aims to analyses the effects of foreign investment (direct and indirect) as cash capital absorption and industrial goods importation (high, medium and low -tech industries) as non-cash capital absorption on Iranian economic growth for period 2001-2012. In this regard, seasonal data have used in an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to examine the relationship between variables. Results shows the significant negative impact of industrial import and a significant positive impact of foreign investment on Iranian economic growth. Also other variables i.e. capital stock, employment, research and development expenditure and export have had significant positive impact on Iranian economic growth.

The oil price is one of the key variables of any economy that plays a significant role in determining the economic situation of each country. The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between unemployment and interest rates and oil price in Iran during 1981-2013. According to this, Johansson co-integration and Toda-Yamamoto Granger causality test have been used. Coefficients obtained by Johansson method based on collective vector shows that the unemployment rate is a reverse function of oil prices, which will lead to 2.28 percent reduction in the unemployment rate. Variable of oil price, during this period, had a negative impact on unemployment, which is considered as a good result due to the high dependence of the country economy on oil. Also, if the interest rate increases one percent in the long run, the unemployment rate will increase 0.94 percent. Also in case of one percent increase in private sector investment, the unemployment rate will decrease 0.80 percent. causality test results show that oil prices and interest rate are the causes of unemployment in Iranian economy.

The industrialization process analysis in developing countries, more than anything emphasis on production efficiency from the perspective of cost, and in the other words comparative advantage. Industrial plants cultivation not only accelerates transition change from traditional agricultural to modern agriculture, but also causes of stimulate industries that it has provided the raw material. However, the focus on the country's comparative advantage as a potential and actual production of different products compared to global markets is essential. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyses the changes in the comparative advantage of industrial plants in Iran. In this study, policy analysis matrix (PAM) is used to calculate comparative advantage in the range 2002-2011. The results of comparative advantage suggest the trend toward advantage in the production of industrial plants is in the period. According to the results given government support to provide suitable production technology and also identify areas that have the potential to produce crops, is recommended.

The aim of this study is investigation the factors that influence the political mobilization of ethnic and synergies towards national unity with an emphasis on the role of religion and language among the citizens of four ethnic groups (Kurds, Turks, Arabs and Baloch) in Iran. The navigation data (quantitative research) to measure the relationship between the variables of perceived discrimination, feeling "population size, strong linguistic foundation, the sense of convergence of ethnicity and ethnic political mobilization has been used. The coefficient of determination was adjusted as indicated 0.788 statistical fact that 78% of the total amount of ethnic political mobilization depends on the independent variables, population size, sense of discrimination and exclusion, convergence, and feel strong linguistic foundation' s development. In other words, 78% of the variance in the dependent variable independent variables to estimate ethnic political mobilization (predicted) that. Also according to test significant F (643.603) at a significance level of less than 5% of the research can be concluded that the regression model is a good model and a set of independent variables explained the dependent variable. Results show that the average score tended to diverge between the Kurds and the Baluch ethnic political mobilization of Turks and Arabs more. The difference between mean scores tend to ethnic political mobilization in every location based on the test F (14.058), at least at the level of 99% is significant. In other words, ethnicity is correlated with the tendency of political mobilization.