Journal of Paramedical Science and Rehabilitation
Year:2015 | Volume:4 | Issue:1|Papers Count:10

Purpose: Hearing impairment is one of the most important causes which results in delays in language development and can also influence different aspects of language production and comprehension. Expressive and receptive language skills development of hearing impaired children depends on using appropriate educational rehabilitation programs. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of linguistic plays on aforementioned skills in pre-school hearing impaired children.Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 10 hearing impaired children with hearing aids, aged between 5 and 7 years were randomly assigned into two groups (5 children in each group). The expressive and receptive language skills of these children were evaluated via the TOLD-P: 3 (Persian Version). In addition, their level of intelligence was assessed by Raven test.Results: The difference between the scores of control and treatment groups using U Mann - Whitney test revealed that there is a statistically significant difference in expressive language skills (p=0.009) and receptive language skills (p=0.009) of the children who participated in linguistic plays. In other words, the present findings suggest that linguistic plays have a significant impact on improvement of aforementioned skills in pre-school hearing impaired children.Conclusion: Hearing impaired children have a lot of difficulties in language production and comprehension. Therefore, new educational rehabilitation programs needs to be planned to improve language problems of these children. According to the results of the present study, linguistic plays should be involved in the routine rehabilitation program to improve the expressive and receptive language difficulties of hearing impaired children. After sessions of linguistic plays, these children could make significant improvements to comprehend the meaning of sentences and words; also they can recognize, understand, and use common Persian morphological forms, utter and recognize the differences in important Persian speech sounds.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of concurrent training on serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity and lipoprotein profile in the blood of obese women.Methods: Twenty-four non-active exercise healthy women volunteered to participate in this research. They were randomly assigned into two groups: concurrent exercise group (n=12) and control group (n=12). Duration of training was 4 weeks, 3 sessions per week and each session lasted for 55-70 minutes. Concurrent exercise group carried out exercises at 60-80 percent of maximal reserve heart rate. Dependent variables were measured in the two phases of the study, including pre-test and post-test.Results: Findings of the present study show significant increase in PON1 activity (P=0.01), however, lipid indexes of this research including LDL (P=0.414), HDL (P=0.22), VLDL (0.159), CH (P=0.1566) were not significantly changed. On the other hand, blood TG concentration was significantly reduced (P=0.001). In addition, in obese women without exercise activity, level of paraoxonase1 has a significant relationship with HDL (P=0.02), but no relation was observed with the other lipid indexes of this research (P<0.05).Conclusion: The result of this study showed that after four weeks of concurrent training, increased enzyme paraoxonase 1 and decreased TG concentration were observed. But it seems the PON1 enzyme in inactive obese women has a significant relationship with HDL lipid parameters and other factors were not related to research. Thus, this protocol can be employed in inactive exercise obese men with inhibits the oxidation of LDL and limiting the HDL in circulation of blood with the goal of effectively prevent cardiovascular disease. Finally, in active people, exercise can increase PON1 induced enhanced in the total antioxidant system of the body.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of compelled weight bearing with therapeutic exercise on functional test results of balance and gait in individuals with stroke.Methods: 32 hemi-paretic patients in experimental and control groups (16 patients in each group) participated in this study. Patients in the experimental group wore shoes for 6 weeks with a lift of 6 mm thickness embedded in non-paretic side to increase weight symmetry and performed balance and gait re-education exercises for 90 minutes daily. Patients of the control group only received therapeutic exercises. Assessments were included percentage of body weight on the affected limb, gait velocity; stride length, timed up and go and Berg Balance Scale tests that were recorded in both groups before and after treatment and 3 months after the end of treatment.Results: All variables showed significant improvement following treatment and improvement effects were maintained during follow up examinations. In the experimental group, percentage of weight bearing on the paretic limb also increased significantly in follow up. The percentage of weight bearing on the paretic limb and BBS score increased more in the experimental group than in the control group (P=0.001).Conclusion: Compelled weight bearing on the paretic limb and re-education of balance and gait caused more improvement in weight symmetry and functional balance in individuals with chronic stroke. Stroke, Weight bearing, Balance, Gait

Purpose: The association between central corneal thickness and retinal fiber layer thickness with refractive error (emmetropic, myopic and hyperopic eyes).Methods: 180 eyes (64 emmetropic eyes, 70 myopic eyes, 46 hyperopic eyes) in young subjects (18-35 years of age) were randomly selected. The participants in this study didn’t have any ocular pathology or any previous surgical history. Pachymetry pattern of RTVUE OCT in central corneal thickness (CCT) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness were measured.Results: Mean CCT was 539.36±36.37 microns. Emmetropic eyes had thinner corneas (emmetropic eyes: 536.14, myopic eyes: 539.67, hyperopic eyes: 543.28 microns). Myopic subjects had thinner RNFL thickness (myopic eyes: 114.21, emmetropic eyes: 121.05, hyperopic eyes: 120.45). Univariate analysis revealed that CCT is positively correlated with RNFL in hyperopic and myopic eyes.Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that RNFL may have positively correlated with CCT in hyperopic and myopic eyes. RNFL had inversely correlated with the amount of myopia and positively correlated with hyperopia. CCT was not significantly correlated with refractive error.

Purpose: This study compared the vowel formants frequency in polyp patients with normal individuals in sustained vowels.Methods: This study is cross-sectional and descriptive–analytical. Variables are: Average of first, second and third formants in six vowels of Persian. These parameters were investigated in patients with vocal fold polyps and normal subjects. People were selected from the age group of 20 to 40 years. Samples of the study included 10 patients with natural sound (5 female and 5 male) and 10 patients with polyps (5 female and 5 male).Results: In men and women with vocal fold polyps, the highest and lowest values of first formant (F1) is in vowel / a / and / u /. Maximum and minimum values of second formant (F2) in both are in the / e / and / u / and maximum and minimum values of third formant (F3) vowels are in / u / and / e /. First and second formants of Persian vowels differ in normal voice and vocal fold polyps) p=0.028 (however, this was not the case in the third structure (p=0.59) Conclusion: Considering the structures are useful in the diagnosis and F1 and F2 can be considered more in objective evaluations.

Purpose: Quadriceps muscle strength was reduced significantly after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Finding a solution to overcome this problem is crucial. The objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of eight weeks cross exercise on the quadriceps muscle strength, in men after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.Methods: Twenty patients with anterior cruciate ligament tear, with an average age of 22.02±1.55 years and mean weight of 71.7±7.15 kilograms, were selected as volunteers. They were divided into two groups: experimental group and control. The experimental group, in addition to physiotherapy, performed eight weeks cross exercise with uninjured leg, three sessions per week and each session lasted for 20 minutes. The control group just received physiotherapy. Before three days of ACLR and After 9 weeks and performing 24 sessions of cross exercise, isometric strength of quadriceps muscle in both groups were measured at 60 degrees of flexion in both legs, by Isokinetic BIODEX system.. Data were analyzed by paired and independent samples t-test at a significance level of p<0.05 Results: The results showed that following eight weeks of cross exercise, the quadriceps muscles strength in uninjured leg, in the experimental group was significantly increased (P=0.002). Likewise, after reconstruction of the ACL, the amount of reduction in quadriceps muscles in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group (P=0.001).Conclusion: The degree of strength loss can be positively reduced by continuum concentric cross exercises. Along with the optimization of the healthy organs, these exercises enhance the strength of organs, which underwent surgery.

Purpose: Medical records should be documented according to the patients’ health care to act as a lifetime documents. These documents should meet the primary and legal requirements related to patients’ care. The aim of this research is Quantitative evaluation of inpatients’ medical records in training and Social Security hospitals in Mashhad.Methods: This research is a descriptive-cross sectional survey.550 of medical records were selected from each hospital with regard to the number of total medical records per year. After confirming the validity and reliability of the checklist, data gathering was performed and analyzed with SPSS statistical software.Results: Findings of the present study showed that the admission and discharge summary forms were not existed in one of the selected medical records (%0.01). The most deficiency was related to the vital signs form (%34.5). The most common deficiency among clinical data elements of admission and discharge summery forms was related to the discharge program (%89.9) in addition to the results of lab tests and radiographies (%88.9). In most cases, there was a significant difference between the completeness of data elements of medical records in training hospitals and social security hospitals.Conclusion: Results of the present study showed that the documentation process of medical records is performed incomplete by care providers which lead to data loosing. Therefore, providing enough educations about complete and correct documentation of medical records for care providers is advisable. In addition, it is preferable that quantitative review of medical records be performed by staffs of the medical record departments immediately after the care/event, which is called the concurrent review.

Purpose: Low back pain is the most important health problem in which the complementary therapy, such as water exercise therapy and massage could have a basic role in its treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of water exercise therapy and massage on the pain severity and disability of patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain.Methods: In this semi-experimental experiment, 24 male patients with chronic nonspecific lowback pain aged 20-40 years with average age of 27.23 were randomly divided into two groups of "water exercise therapy" and "massage" for treatment. The treatment period lasted 6 weeks and each week consisted of 4 sessions. In order to assess the pain severity and disability, the Oswestry Questionnaires and visual analog score were used respectively before and after the treatment. For data analysis, ANOVA test was applied at the significance level of P≤0.05.Results: The average pain severity and disability in the water exercise therapy group in the pre-test was 5.66 ± 0.878 and 24.83 ±5.21 respectively and in the post-test the scores changed to 4.58 ± 0.729 and 14.33±3.89. The average pain severity and disability in the massage group in the pre-test was 5.41±0.668 and 23.166±3.45, respectively. The scores changed to 3.00±1.128 and 16.50±4.10 in the post-test. Therefore, significant changes occurred in both groups.Conclusion: Both massage therapy and water exercise therapy decreased the pain severity in patients with chronic nonspecific back pain, however, massage creates a better effect in pain reduce than water exercise therapy.

Purpose: To determine the mean pupil diameter by the Pentacam in the 40-64 year-old population of Shahroud and its association with some related factors.Methods: Three hundred clusters were selected through multistage cluster sampling in the first phase of Shahroud Cohort study of whom 82.2% participated in the study. Refraction, slit lamp examination, and imaging by the Pentacam were performed for all participants. The pupil diameter obtained by the Pentacam was analyzed. Any history of previous ocular surgery and invalid Pentacam data were the criteria for excluding data from further analysis.Results: After implementing the exclusion criteria, the data of 3820 individuals (59.3% female) were analyzed. The mean pupil diameter in this study was 2.74±0.56 mm (95%CI 2.72-2.76). The 25%, 50%, 95% and 97.5% percentiles of the pupil diameter in the study population were 2.41, 2.67, 3.60 and 3.85mm, respectively. In this study, the 95% of the normal range of pupil diameter was 1.63-3.85mm. In the multiple model, the mean pupil diameter was smaller in men compared to women and decreased significantly with aging (P<0.001). The mean pupil diameter was significantly larger in myopic versus hyperopic participants (P<0.001). The pupil diameter was significantly smaller in participants with dark brown irises (P=0.005). Anisocoria was observed in 9.43% (95%CI 8.43-10.44) of the participants.Conclusion: The pupil diameter in normal individuals by the Pentacam is found to be smaller than other techniques. A cut point of 3.85mm for the pupil diameter is suggested as the critical criterion for refractive surgery. Moreover, it should be noted that men have a smaller pupil diameter, and that the pupil diameter decreases with aging.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of selected trainings on muscle function in girls with mental retardation.Methods: Twenty-three girls with mental retardation (IQ 50-70) were selected and randomly divided into the control (n=10) and experimental (n=13) groups. The experimental group participated in selected trainings for 1 month, 4 sessions a week, with an intensity of 60-80% of maximum heart rate. Before and after the training program, muscle function including static balance, dynamic balance, muscle force and fatigue index, along with the body composition parameters of the participants were recorded. Data were analyzed using independent t and ANCOVA tests (a<0.05).Results: Results showed that selected trainings significantly increased static balance during open and closed eyes; however, it did not have a significant effect on dynamic balance, muscle force, muscle fatigue index, and body composition.Conclusion: Girls with mental retardation may apply the selected training to improve their static balance and delay fatigue; however, more studies are required to assess the effect of these kind of trainings on the other muscle function indices and body composition.