Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2022 | Volume:21 | Issue:3|Papers Count:12

Background and Objectives Chronic low back pain is one of the most common and costly musculoskeletal disorders in societies and is an important clinical and socio-economic epidemic, mostly in industry and non-industry. The aim of this study was to a systematic review of the effectiveness of exercise protocols on lumbar proprioception in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. Subjects and Methods From internal and external search engines, including Scopus, Semantic Scholar, Google Scholar, Pubmed, ISC, SID, Magiran, Irandoc, and Doaj with time limit 2010 to 2021 and the keywords exercises, proprioception, non-specific, and chronic low back pain, the present study was done using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes). Results Nine articles were selected based on inclusion criteria. These studies mainly focused on systematic review effectiveness of exercise protocols on sensation and low back pain in people with non-specific chronic low back pain. Conclusion According to the research reviewed in the present study, it seems that exercise rehabilitation protocols activate, strengthen, maintain, and increase the central region of the body, especially deep muscles, particularly the multifidus and transverse abdomen, by retraining the pelvic lumbar region. The diaphragm and diagonal of the abdomen and pelvic floor, which play a role in the important segmental stability of the lumbar spine, improve the sense of depth and pain in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain.

Background and Objectives Coxiella burnetii (causative agent of Q fever) is an important zoonotic disease with a universal occurrence. Ticks are natural and potential reservoirs of this bacterium and play an effective role in the transmission of Q fever. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in hard ticks isolated from livestock in Sistan. Subjects and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in five counties of the Sistan region. The genus and species of hard ticks were identified after collection from some domestic animals. The nested-PCR technique was used to identify the bacterial genome. Results Of all examined ticks, two genera, including 354 Hyalomma (59. 399%) and 242 Rhipicephalus (40. 6%) were identified. The hard ticks are in three types of species as follows: Rhipicephalus sanguineus (40. 1%), Rhipicephalus nymph (0. 5%), Hyalomma anatolicum (47. 5%), Hyalomma sp. (1. 5%), Hyalomma nymph (10. 4%), and Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus (0. 16%). No infected specimen with Coxiella burnetii was observed in the Sistan region. Conclusion According to the results of previous studies in Sistan and Baluchestan province and neighboring provinces that reported a high prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in collected ticks, it seems that more extensive research, with a larger sample size and host range, is necessary to clarify the situation of this pathogen.

diseases, including atherosclerosis and diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of longterm selected aerobic exercises on changes in cystatin C and homocysteine in inactive and overweight middle-aged women. Subjects and Methods Thirty non-athlete middle-aged women (mean age: 46. 06±, 6. 97 years, weight: 71. 82±, 9. 11 kg, height: 156. 9±, 5. 24 cm, and body mass index: 29. 2±, 4. 11kg/m2) voluntarily participated in this project and were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups The experimental group performed selected aerobic exercises (65-75% of maximum heart rate) for eight weeks. Blood samples were taken before and 24 hours after the completion of the research protocol to measure the levels of cystatin C and homocysteine. Analysis of covariance was used for intergroup comparisons and paired t-test was used for intergroup comparisons. Results The results showed that there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in cystatin C (P=0. 09) and homocysteine (P=0. 07) after eight weeks of selected aerobic exercises. A significant decrease was observed in weight (P=0. 001) and body mass index (P=0. 002) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion Overall, the results of the present study showed that although the eight-week activity program improved the body composition of overweight middle-aged women, longer periods of aerobic exercise are required to examine clearer biochemical results.

Background and Objectives Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of candidiasis in the infant’, s mouth and nipple of breastfeeding mothers can have positive effects on the infant’, s nutrition from the mother’, s milk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Candida albicans fungal colonies in the infant’, s oral cavities and nipples of breastfeeding mothers. Subjects and Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on 98 breastfeeding mothers and their healthy infants. Samples were taken from the posterior area of the infant’, s tongue and the nipple of the breastfeeding mothers. Samples were transferred to a dextrose agar medium containing 0. 05% chloramphenicol in the laboratory and were kept at 30 °,C for 48 hours and then the number of Candida colonies was counted and recorded. The data were analyzed by SPSS 17 statistical software and t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results The mean number of cultured colonies from infants’,mouths and nipples of breastfeeding mothers was 64. 44±, 42. 99 and 102. 62±, 63. 56, respectively. In neonates born by cesarean section and nipple of their mothers, there were significantly more Candida colonies (P<0. 05). There was a positive and significant correlation between the number of cultured colonies from the nipple of breastfeeding mothers and the infant’, s mouth (P=0. 000, r=0. 796). Conclusion Candida culture was positive in more than half of the samples both in the mouth of the infant and in their mothers’,nipples.

Background and Objectives Regular aerobic exercise improves learning, memory, and cognitive and Synaptic Plasticity in Alzheimer’, s disease (AD) patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of calcineurin and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II mRNA after four weeks of aerobic training exercises and before AD induction in the hippocampus of male Wistar rats. Subjects and Methods Thirty 8-week-old rats with an average weight of 195±, 20 g were initially randomly divided into two groups of aerobic exercise or rest for four weeks. Then, each group was divided into three groups of AD, sham, and injection. Then, 48 hours after the last training session, Aβ, 1-42, or DMSO was injected into the hippocampus. Finally, after the isolation of the hippocampus, CaN mRNA and CaMKII mRNA levels were measured. Results The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference between the groups in mRNA CaN and CaMKII mRNA levels (P<0. 05). The results showed that aerobic exercise and AD pre-induction had a significant effect on increasing calcineurin and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II levels. Conclusion Overall, the findings of the present study showed that four weeks of aerobic training improves the molecular signaling of neuroplasticity in AD rats.

Background and Objectives Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a chronic inflammatory lesion that mimics the clinical symptoms of carcinoma. Another type of chronic granulomatous mastitis is immunological mastitis, which is related to the infiltration of IgG4 plasma cells. This study aims to determine the status of IgG4 positive plasma cells in IGM samples. Subjects and Methods This is an analytical-cross-sectional study. 46 women diagnosed with IGM were selected for the study using census method. The percentage of IgG and IgG4 in plasma cells was determined based on immunohistochemical method. Age and type of surgery were also recorded. The data was entered into SPSS software, version 22 and analyzed using statistical tests. P<0. 05 were considered statistically significant. Results The mean age of patients was 35. 02±, 6. 82 years. The mean percentage of IgG positive plasma cells among tissue inflammatory cells was 6923±, 23. 42 and the mean percentage of IgG4 positive plasma cells was 23. 39±, 22. 33. Among infiltrated plasma cells, 1. 89% were positive for IgG4 and the ratio of IgG4 to IgG in plasma cells was 0. 91. Based on the results of Pearson correlation test, a positive and significant correlation was found between the percentage of IgG4 and IgG in plasma cells (r=0. 600, P=0. 004). Conclusion A significant percentage of infiltrated plasma cells are IgG4 positive, which can play a role in the development of IGM. Therefore, further investigation and comparison with immunological mastitis is recommended.

Background and Objectives Premature delivery is called delivery before 37 weeks. It is estimated that every year, about 15 million babies are born with preterm delivery worldwide, which is approximately equal to 11% of the total number of deliveries. In this study, a number of pregnant women with 11-14 weeks of pregnancy were evaluated in order to evaluate the value of cervical length at the end of the first trimester of pregnancy in predicting preterm delivery. Subjects and Methods In this cohort study, 156 asymptomatic pregnant women with a gestational age of 11-14 weeks were randomly selected and evaluated. Cervical length was measured by transvaginal ultrasound using a standard method. Cervical length and gestational age at delivery were recorded in a computer database along with demographic information, clinical history, and pregnancy information. Results The mean length of the cervix in women with preterm delivery was 31. 32±, 6. 71 mm and in women with term delivery was 38. 96±, 5. 80 mm. Data analysis showed that shorter cervical length was significantly associated with preterm delivery. With a threshold of 34. 5 mm, the length of the cervix from 3rd month to 6th month could predict preterm delivery with a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 81%. Conclusion Measuring cervical length with transvaginal ultrasound in the second trimester can predict preterm delivery.

Background and Objectives Health workers are at the forefront in the diagnosis, treatment, and care of patients with COVID-19, which can increase the psychological burden, stress, and anxiety of staff. The purpose of this study was to determine job stress and related factors of the operating room staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. Subjects and Methods This descriptive study was performed on the operating room staff of hospitals in Guilan province in 2021. The variables evaluated in this study included the relationship between age, gender, marital status, level of education, the field of study, employment status, and anxiety. In order to collect data in this study, the standard SPIO job stress questionnaire was used and the data were analyzed using an independent t-test. Results In this study, 120 people in the age range of 47-23 with a mean age of 31. 47±, 8. 79 years participated. Men had less stress than women and married people showed more stress. In terms of job status, officially employed people had the least stress and people who served in the military had the most stress. In terms of field of study, anesthesiologists showed the highest stress level, and the operating room had the lowest score. In terms of education level, those with a master’, s degree had the highest score, and those with an associate degree showed the lowest score. Conclusion The results of this study showed that with age, job stress also increases and in terms of gender, women had more stress. In terms of marriage, married people showed more stress, which could be due to having a family and the stress of the family being infected with the virus. In terms of job status, officially employed people showed less stress, in terms of field of study, people with a degree in anesthesia had more stress, and in terms of education, people with a higher degree showed more stress.

Background and Objectives Continuous exercise with moderate intensity and the use of nanocurcumin supplementation has the potential to control and reduce tumors of the central nervous system, including glioblastoma. We assessed the simultaneous effect of moderate-intensity continuous exercises and nanocurcumin supplementation on STAT3 gene expression in mice with glioblastoma multiforme brain tumors. Subjects and Methods Thirty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups of five rats: basal control (BC), 4-week control (4wC), basal cancer control (BT), 4-week cancer control (4 wT), cancer+training (TE), cancer+nanocurcumin (TN), cancer+ exercise + nanocurcumin (TEN). After injection of cancer cells in the forehead, the animals were treated with nanocurcumin by gavage at the dose of 80 mg/kg for 28 days, five days a week, and started moderate-intensity continuous training on the treadmill for four weeks, three days/weeks, 25 to 40 minutes per week at a speed of 18 m/min. Finally, and then rats were sacrificed and data were collected. Results Moderate-intensity continuous training with nanocurcumin supplementation significantly reduced tumor volume and STAT3 gene expression in the TEN group (P<0. 05). But this decrease was not significant in the TE and TN groups. Conclusion It seems that with decreased STAT3 gene expression and brain tumor size, the combination of moderate-intensity continuous training and nanocurcumin supplementation has a therapeutic role in the treatment process of glioblastoma multiforme brain tumors.

Background and Objectives Iron overload is seen in various tissues, including the pancreas, liver, and muscles in type 2 diabetes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of high-intensity BodyPump training on indicators related to iron stores and blood glycemic control in women with type 2 diabetes. Subjects and Methods In the present quasi-experimental study, 20 women with type 2 diabetes were randomly selected and divided into two groups: BodyPump and control. BodyPump training was done for eight weeks, three sessions per week and each training session included 90-60 minutes of moderateintensity BodyPump training (75-80% of the reserve heart rate). Fasting blood sampling was performed before and after the intervention period. For statistical analysis, the paired sample t-test and independent t-test were used at a significance level of P≤, 0. 05. Results The results of the present study showed that BodyPump significantly reduced glycosylated hemoglobin (P<0. 001), insulin resistance (P<0. 001), serum iron (P=0. 041), and ferritin (P=0. 019) compared to the control group. Conclusion BodyPump training may reduce excess iron in pancreatic, liver, and muscle tissues by modulating iron and ferritin stores, resulting in reduced insulin resistance, which causes glycemic control in women with type 2 diabetes.

Background and Objectives Exercise can increase oxidative and metabolic stress. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of different recovery methods after an acute training session on aspartate aminotransferase activity, oxidative stress, and some hematological indices of female runners. Subjects and Methods In the present quasi-experimental study, 30 semi-professional female runners were selected as the research sample and randomly divided into three groups (n=10): active running recovery, passive recovery, and sports massage. After two weeks, the same training protocol was performed for athletes and also after a week of rest, fasting blood sampling was performed. Blood sampling was performed in three stages: 1-fasting, 2-after 1500 meters competition, and 3-immediately after different stages of recovery. The one-way analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis. Results The results showed that in the massage group, the change in hematocrit, white blood cells, and hemoglobin was more than in the active and inactive recovery group (P<0. 05), while in the active recovery group, the level of malondialdehyde decreased more than the massage and inactive recovery groups (P<0. 05). There was no significant difference between the three recovery methods on changes in iron, red blood cells, aspartate aminotransferase, and total antioxidant capacity (P<0. 05). Conclusion According to the results, it can be said that active recovery can prevent damage caused by oxidative stress by increasing blood flow.

Background and Objectives The role of stress oxidative on cardiac disease prevalence has been studied by researchers and the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) have not been specified clearly. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of HIIT training with caffeine consumption on myocardial oxidative stress in rats. Subjects and Methods Thirty-two male rats were randomly divided into four groups (eight rats per group): control, HIIT (TA), caffeine (CA), and HIIT + caffeine (TA+CA). One hour before exercise, caffeine was injected into the CA and TA+CA groups. HIIT was performed five days a week with 85-90% maximum running speed on a treadmill for eight weeks. Then, 48 hr after the last exercise session and anaesthetization, the left ventricular was removed and the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured by spectrophotometry. Results The results indicated that MDA levels in the CA+TA and CA groups significantly decreased compared to the control group (P<0. 05). Also, the levels of SOD and CAT significantly increased in the three groups compared to the control group. Conclusion HIIT along with caffeine consumption can protect the cardiac tissue in rats and prevent heart injury.