Journal of Comparative Literature
Year:2019 | Volume:9 | Issue:2 (34) |Papers Count:8

There is a mutual relationship between language and social phenomena which highlights the need to comprehend the different language functions. Understanding these functions is the task of language sociologists. Michael Halliday, (1973 AD) one of the theorists in the area, divides the communicational functions of language into 7 classes: instrumental, regulatory, interactional, personal, heuristic, imaginative, and informative. He believes that this pattern can be traced in all types of language functions. Since the typewritten manuscripts have a key role in expressing cultural details in which drivers act the role, the present study aims atinvestigating the language system governing Arabic and Persian car written manuscripts based on Halliday's7 functions of language in order to discover similarities and differencesbetween their language systems. The results indicate that the typewritten manuscripts in these two languages reflect a significant part of Arabic speaking and Persian speaking societies’ common values, and their literature follows a specific language pattern, therefore, statistical population of drivers’ literature content analysis will offer considerable help regardinganthropology and ethnography of each society. Statistical studies show that, in Arabic and Persian typewritten manuscripts, the most frequency is related to personal function and the least frequency is related to heuristic function. Accordingly, the considerable frequency of personal function indicates that Arabic speaking and Persian speaking societies are influenced by social condition in contemporary era.

The elegy of Imam Hussein and his loyal followers is one of the common concepts in Arabic and Persian. Among the poems written on elegy of Imam Hussein in Arabic in imitation of Mohtasham’ s poems composed in twelve lines, it can be referred to a famous composite-tie written by Mahdi Bahrololum written in eleven lines. The impact of Mohtasham Kashani’ s composite-tie on Bahrololum is investigated from contentual and lexical perspectives and a brief introduction on this topic is presented in this article. Also, Bahrololum’ s Twelvers is compared with Mohtasham Kashani’ s composite-tie in an academic framework and the level of Bahrolom being affected in writing his famous composite-tie is studied. It should be pointed this comparatively study is done according to French School, since these literatures have a historical relationship with each other and they have been written in two different languages. Bahrolom has used from main words and compounds to develop his lyrical poems.

Recognition and explanation of language is a complex, vivid, fruitful, and evolving phenomenon in the study of comparative semantics, . Understanding the characteristics of this phenomenon requires a detailed approach and a deep mining in the motifs of creation, formation, and production of linguistic units. It is a necessity which is revealed more than before in the passage of time and with the steady progress in linguistics and the related fields. Along with these studies and researches, several branches and linguistic approaches such as analysis of speech, semantics, pragmatics, and critical analysis of speech have been crystallized. This study is an analysis of typology – semantics of two story, Al-Shehaz by Naguib Mahfouz, and The Little Black Fish by Samad Behrangi. The study tries to examine the process of typology – semantics of the discourse based on the study model of Greimas. Getting rid of the current situation is the common point between these two works. In this paper, I seek to review the major elements involved in the production of meaning. In other words, what are the mechanisms for meaning production in these two works? The purpose of this study is to evaluate the traditionary features of these two works, Omar Al-Hamzavi, the hero of the novel Al-Shehaz, wants to get rid of a disease that has no natural cause or complications and is merely an attempt to escape and change the status quo. In “ Little Black Fish” , the black fish, which is also the hero of the story, tries to escape a stage any stoppage at which will bring him down to the pit of destruction. This common ground and escape from the status quo make the activist struggle to free himself and consequently a meaning is created. In order to determine how the narration passes through itself to break the siege of narrative and to create narrative diversity. The research method is descriptive-analytical.

Folk songs, as genuine and indigenous products of one language and its literature, have always enjoyed great diversity. In the present study, two examples of the most striking folklore novels with a comparative view are investigated. Sherwah as the native folk language of the Bushehr province and Alwaniyah as the folk music of the Arab people of Khuzestan lineup, formed the main body of this study. In seeking the similarities and differences of these two, a comparative method was used and the structure of them was assigned using historical and technical submethods. The results of this study can be characterized by the fact that the contributions of these two songs are much more than differences, and in some cases, such as the similarities, the clarity of emotions associated with real life, the absence of plurality, local plurality, the accompaniment of traditional instruments, and sadness. . . are summarized.

The study of social issues, politics, and government have long been the commonplace among literary writers; however, in the twentieth century, attention and attention to these phenomena became more coherent and serious. Gholamhossein Saedi and Najib Mahfouz are contemporary writers who, under the influence of political and social turmoil, reflect a more or less identical view of the story. The story of “ Umbrella” and “ Alnum” , both of which are successful examples of these writers, deal with the crises of their societies in a symbolic and symbolic way. The title, personality, and atmosphere of the story serve to propel the story forward. The chaos and frustration in the two communities is noticeable. The present study uses a descriptive-analytical method within the framework of the American school to explore how social issues are represented in the story of Saeed's “ umbrella” and “ Alnum” , to provide an overview of both authors and the general context of the two authors to recognize the community.

Synesthesia is one of the aspects of “ vocabulary resurrection” that breaks the literary delight of the audience by destroying the surface structure of words rather than deep structure. In this style of writing, the poet breaks the boundaries of the common system of his or her readers' imagery and minds to make the amazement of the complex and pure image, the audience is astonished. This essay is inspired by the American school of comparative literature, the authors critically examine the sentiments in the poems of two well-known poets in Arabic and Persian literature, Saeed Akel and Nima Yushij. The present article shows that in the poems of these two poets, sympathy in addition to the aesthetic and artistic aspects is a means of conveying the vague meanings that are not easy to express. One of the interesting ways in which the poems of these two poets concentrate are to combine and to apply other literary figures with sensitivity to enhance the artistic aspect of verses and to enhance the rhetorical and artistic texture. Sometimes the relationship between the two senses is so distant in their lyrics that the familiarization is more pronounced. Said Akel has made sense-making by choosing the sensual “ confrontation” or “ accumulation” methods, which are an important function of the aesthetic aspect of the verse. Nima Yushij has also given special attention to abstract-tangible emotion in order to promote the dignity and regularity of the subjective and objective worlds.

The review of important historical and particularly religious events is among the interesting subjects of Muslims poets. Gahdir Khom events is one of the most important historical events that has been reviewed and analyzed in many contemporary poets. This inquiry first introduces two Arabic and Persian Shiite poets, Ahmad Mohamad Al Shami and Adib Olmamalek Farahani, they have been evaluated on their attitude toward this important events. The findings of this research that has been done in the framework of American comparative literature school in the descriptive-analytic method, to indicate that both poets have emphasized on the necessity of following Muslims rulers from Imam Ali’ s political life dimension. Beside the review of this events consider some important events of Imam Ali time that been have presented in their poems to the king of their time. The findings also show some differences and similarities in their poems. The most important similar aspects of the two poems are the lyric introduction to cite Quran and Ahadith. As a difference between the two poems it can be said that Ahmad Shami has focused his attention more on the Imam Ali’ s personality and his attributes and also on the events before and after Ghadir event and less on its details; it is while that Adib Olmamlek has risen it with more details and has indicated less to the other events.