QURAN AND MEDICINE
Year:2023 | Volume:7 | Issue:4|Papers Count:20

Examining forgiveness from the perspective of the Holy Qur'an is the subject of this article, and considering the nature of the research, the descriptive-analytical method and the library technique have been chosen for it. And it has been stated that forgiveness is the covering of sin and is one of the attributes of God's action. In the following, the position and importance of asking for forgiveness is examined and stated, since man is always exposed to sins and satanic temptations, and sometimes due to negligence, he may become infected with sins, he should immediately expose himself to God's infinite mercy by asking for forgiveness. give and purify his soul contaminated by sin so that he is safe from the evil and ugly effects of sin and does not suffer from divine punishments. Because asking for forgiveness will not be hasty in punishment towards a person or a group. And it has been said that asking for forgiveness is not limited to a specific time and place. The end of asking for forgiveness at night, at dawn, in the months of Rajab and Ramadan, and. . . the deserts of Arafat and Mina, Masjid al-Haram and Masjid al-Nabi, etc. are emphasized more.

A look at the Shia hadith writings shows that medicine and body health are among the topics that have attracted the attention of some of the students of imams and scholars of Shia hadith studies, and it has become the basis for compiling books on this topic or assigning parts of a hadith book to this category. Unfortunately, only a few of the works that were written under the title of "Kitab al-Tabb" among Shia hadith books have not reached our hands, and this issue has turned the definitive judgment about Islamic medicine into a serious challenge in scientific circles today. It has been and sometimes has been considered as one of the manifestations of the conflict between science and religion-it has made it difficult, but nevertheless, the structural and content review of these books and the documentary research and brokering of medical and health narratives can draw a general perspective of this issue to a large extent. to do The following article aims to enumerate Shia medical hadith works, the methods of compilation of hadiths in such works, and especially the book "Tab al-A'imah" from the works of the 4th century of Hijri, which in some ways has special privileges, will be examined and spread by the people of Nazar. put The results of the research show that the authors of Shia hadith books looked at medical traditions like other subjects and collected authentic and transmitted, authentic and weak hadiths, etc. in this regard. Therefore, such hadiths should also be examined by jurisprudence, just like jurisprudential or exegetical hadiths, away from any unnecessary sensitivity.

Much research has been done on the existence of gender differences in different personality traits. This study tries to examine the gender difference in the dimensions of a healthy personality from the perspective of the Holy Quran. The statistical population of this study consists of citizens 15 years and older in Isfahan in 2021. A number of 399 people from different walks of life in Isfahan were selected as a sample by available methods. The research instrument was the Healthy Personality Questionnaire from the perspective of the Quran, Safra Ara &Hayrat (2021) and the data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Student t with independent groups). The results showed that the scores of emotional scale, behavioral scale and cognitive scale were significantly different between men and women and the mean scores of women were higher than men. Therefore, the components of a healthy personality from the perspective of the Qur'an have a significant relationship with gender (p <0. 5). There are no components of healthy personality (p <0. 5). Although the results of this study are in line with other studies based on gender differences in personality dimensions, but according to Quranic teachings, the path of excellence and ascension is the same for both sexes and the pattern of the Holy Quran For the perfection of human is not affected by gender.

Purpose: Healthy eating plays a vital role in many physical, mental, social, and environmental health aspects of individuals and society. Health promotion is not possible or sustainable without providing food security with environmentally friendly approaches. This study aimed to investigate the dimensions and components of food security from a Quranic perspective. Methods and Materials: The current research is a review article based on the study of all the verses of the Holy Quran and the Quranic interpretations, which has investigated the dimensions and components of food security from an Islamic perspective. In order to conduct the study, the content analysis of each source was compiled based on the central research question (the key components and dimensions/indicators of food security), which is derived from the conceptual framework of food security. Findings: Totally, there were 55 verses of the Quran on food security indices. The most important components emphasized were knowledge-based production, dietary diversity, planning and management of food resources, and the need for a macro perspective on food security (availability index), fair distribution of food and feeding the poor (accessibility index), healthy eating behaviors, and food choices, forbidding overeating, advice consuming dairy products, fruits and vegetables, poultry and fish (utilization index) and personal hygiene, environmental sustainability and economic growth (stability index). Conclusion: The collection of Qur'anic verses and Islamic teachings is such that it considers all aspects of food security in the conceptual model in a favorable way. Recognizing the potential of this valuable resource in the field of food security and health promotion requires raising public awareness and efforts toward Quranic education.

Referring to hadiths in understanding religious teachings is a familiar practice in religious thought,From the very beginning of Islam, Muslim scholars referred to hadiths to understand the depth of religion. Therefore, when it comes to benefiting from hadiths in a specific field of knowledge such as medicine, the use of its content becomes particularly important and the necessity of an expert look at the subject. Arises. Today, due to the general popularity and extreme approaches to traditional and Islamic medicine, we are witnessing the occurrence of unfortunate consequences in the field of public health, which can cast doubts on all religious propositions,Although the approach of scholars is different when faced with different medical traditions, the majority of Muslim scholars consider it necessary to present narrations based on the rules of criticism and refinement of hadith. And considering the many challenges and complexities that exist in this type of narrations, it is necessary for experts to review them. In this article, by examining the point of view of hadith scholars, the documentary and textual foundations of the validity of medical narrations have been examined, and in the documentary validity of medical narrations, Islamic scholars agree on the acceptance of frequent medical narrations that are subject to evidence of authenticity, and the validity of medical narrations that are not subject to evidence. which was narrated by Thaqa, like other hadiths, they are divided into two categories and there are differences of opinion. Considering the experimental nature of the subject of medicine, the criterion of non-contradiction with experience and scientific findings is particularly important among the general criteria of text criticism. We also mentioned some of the criteria in the external criticism, the criteria that can be helpful in solving the complexities of this category of narrations, such as measuring the authenticity of the narration and books and checking the health of the narration in terms of distortion and correctness, intersection and transfer in meaning.

Purpose: Mental distress in the elderly has different prevalence and distribution according to different determinants in different cultures. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of mental distress and its distribution according to the determination of different individual, social and medical groups in the elderly over 60 years old. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the elderly population aged above 60 years in Tehran using stratified cluster sampling. The demographic data and medical history of the participants were extracted using interviews. The Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) and the Goldberg’, s 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) were administered to evaluate the participants, and subjects with cognitive disorders were excluded from the study. The history of alcohol consumption of people was completed by interview. Findings: The mean components of physical dimension, anxiety, social dimension and depression in people who had a history of alcohol consumption were 6. 69±, 3. 68±, 2. 77, 8. 72±, 2. 24 and 2. 46±, 3. 38, respectively, and those without History of alcohol consumption was 3. 44±, 1. 92, 5. 28±, 2. 84, 7. 96±, 1. 95 and 1. 1±, 1. 68. The overall score of the GHQ questionnaire was 21. 95±, 7. 79 and 17. 79±, 4. 69 in people with and without a history of alcohol consumption. The t-test showed a significant difference between the two groups in all these components. Multiple linear regression showed that after controlling the effects of age, sex, and diabetes, the mass index of all these components is worse in people with alcohol consumption. Based on the cut point above 23, the prevalence of mental distress was 31. 3% in people with a history of alcohol consumption and 12. 8% in people without a history of alcohol consumption. Logistic regression showed that the chance of mental distress based on GHQ in people with a history of alcohol consumption is 1. 3 times that of people without a history of alcohol consumption (p<0. 001). Conclusion: Alcohol consumption and history of its consumption can cause depression, anxiety and disruption in social relations in old age. It should be kept in mind that the quality of life of the elderly decreases with the creation of these mental disorders, and people should be informed about the effects of alcohol abuse through religious and scientific education.

Purpose: The present study tries to study and analyze the issue of payment of diyat in intentional murders of euthanasia by a physician or medical staff with emphasis on Quranic, jurisprudential and Iranian law, in order to clarify this issue through these legal and jurisprudential rulings to be. Methodology: This research has been done by the method of library studies and in a descriptive-analytical method, which has been obtained and analyzed by referring to Quranic, narrative, legal and jurisprudential texts. Findings: Euthanasia, which means "good death", is a condition in which the patient dies naturally and calmly at his own request. People who are in this type of death are more likely to have the characteristics of an incurable patient or a person suffering from a severe mental illness (major depressive disorder, etc. ) and to be satisfied, such as physicians or nurses or family members. Ask them to help them die. Now there is the question that if the doctor or the medical staff kills these people out of pity and compassion and with the consent of these people, should they pay a ransom or not? By referring to the books of the great jurists, it is obtained that a kind of fame but also a higher consensus has been formed in this field, based on retribution and that the killer will be the only retribution in the face of multiple murders. But when this Shari'a ruling is presented to the rule of justice, the question arises in the mind against which this kind of retaliation takes place. The general provisions of the Qur'anic principle "How can the soul be transformed" now? Based on this, the researcher's hypothesis is that the necessity of the rule of justice, but also the necessity of other Qur'anic and religious evidences in various premeditated murders, is the ruling to pay diyat in addition to qisas. Because in the premeditated murder, several people are killed and the families of the victim are harmed in two ways, that qisas covers only one aspect of it, and the aspect of compensation and payment of diyat remains, and on the other hand, the murder is faced with only one soul. And other populations do not receive a clear answer. One of the most important findings of the research is that the rule of justice as a basic and pivotal rule in relation to sharia rules and by observing the element of time and place can have a special and accurate help in reading and explaining sharia rules. Conclusion: Based on the general Qur'anic verses and rules and legal and jurisprudential principles and rules, especially the rule of "justice", it can be said that non-payment of blood money in numerous euthanasia murders by the perpetrator, contrary to Qur'anic justice and fairness, contrary to public order and expediency. It is jurisprudential and justice requires a ruling to pay diyat.

Purpose: The present study tries to analyze and analyze the medical methods of rehabilitation of criminals in the two legal systems of Iran and England, so that through these studies, the place and importance of using these methods will be revealed. Materials and Methods: This research was done with the method of library studies and in a descriptive-analytical way, by referring to legal texts, laws and studying the systems and methods governing medical rehabilitation in Iran and England, the necessary information was obtained and the case The analysis is placed. Findings: Medical rehabilitation of criminals or rehabilitation and medical treatment of criminals includes those medical and paramedical measures of the criminal justice system that seek to improve the nervous, psychological and personality condition of criminals. In other words, this type of rehabilitation, using the teachings and tools of psychology, psychiatry, etc., seeks to help criminals in the field of emotional-psychological adaptation and restoration of the personality and behavioral system. Medical rehabilitation of criminals has been the focus of international and national criminal policy makers in the first place, first in the form of prison punishment and then in the light of community-based punishments. The main question for the research is "What are the methods of medical rehabilitation of criminals in the two legal systems of Iran and England? " In order to answer this question, related laws and enforcement methods in two legal systems of Iran and England are examined and analyzed Conclusion: rehabilitation and rehabilitation of criminals through measures including imprisonment can be seen in the rehabilitation system of Iran and England, there is separation and establishment of detention centers for adults, adolescents and women in both rehabilitation systems, implementation of cultural and professional rehabilitation programs and medicine can be seen in both systems. In Iran, it is responsible for the administration of prisons and detention centers with the organization of prisons and security and educational measures, and in England this responsibility is the responsibility of the Ministry of Justice, although the new directions show the transfer of this responsibility to the Ministry of Health., Because this increases prisoners' access to treatment and its continuity.

Purpose: The present study tries to investigate and analyze the right of medical examination of the accused in the Iranian and French legal systems in order to reveal the limitations of this right in the two legal systems. Materials and methods: This research was conducted with the method of library studies and in a descriptive-analytical way, by referring to legal texts, laws and studying the legal systems of the two countries of Iran and France, the necessary information was obtained and analyzed. Findings: The main question for the research is "Is the right of the accused to medical examination recognized in the legal system of Iran and France? ". The findings of the research indicate that in this regard, Article 51 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of 2012 stipulates: "According to the request of the person under observation or one of his close relatives, one of the doctors, determined by the prosecutor, will examine the person under observation. The doctor's certificate is recorded in the file. Bringing this article in the 1392 Criminal Procedure Law shows the legislator's attention to maintaining the health of the person under observation and respecting his rights, which is well mentioned in the 1392 Criminal Procedure Law, considering the lack of provision for the extension of the period under observation regarding the requirement to Medical examination or examination at the time of observation in police places is silent for more than 24 hours and this matter is mentioned only as an optional right for the person under observation at the beginning. This right is stated in Article 63-3 of the French Code of Criminal Procedure: "Any person under observation can be examined by a doctor selected by the public prosecutor or a judicial police officer. . . at any time by a prosecutor or a judicial police officer. " He can choose exactly one doctor to examine a person. " In addition to granting the aforementioned right to the person under observation, the French legislator also gave the public prosecutor (city) or judicial police officer the authority to appoint a doctor and examine the person under observation at any time. Conclusion: What can be deduced from the examination of the materials related to the right of medical examination of the accused from the laws of Iran and France is that the use of the right to medical examination is optional and is based on the request, and the bailiffs or prosecutors do not have an obligation to introduce a doctor from the very beginning. When an illness or problem happens to a person, they are responsible for introducing the person to a doctor, which of course is more correct if this is done compulsorily. Therefore, the requirement to examine the accused by a trusted doctor (preferably a legal doctor) within a maximum of one hour after his arrest and observation will be implemented at the request of the accused, his lawyer or his family members by preparing the minutes of the meeting and the original minutes of the meeting will be attached to the file and Its picture will be given to the applicant upon his request, of course, the right mentioned in this article must be explained to the accused in writing before the interrogation begins. This is also a reflection of the defendant's physical condition in terms of health or the presence of injuries, lethargy, malaise, severe fatigue by the interrogators, etc., during the investigation of the accused until his appearance before the judge. What results from this legislation is to see that the accused is physically and mentally able to be under 24-hour supervision or that the person may need immediate help. Because, for example,If the person under observation needs special drugs due to quitting addiction, in order to get rid of the police's questions and obtain these drugs, he will answer all the questions positively and conditions will be created for him that will cause his rights to be violated, and as a result, with the initial examination, Therapeutic measures will be implemented and his rights will be avoided and pressure on him will be avoided, and on the other hand, it will block the ground for possible abuse by the police and officers by harassing the accused. Of course, according to French laws, in gang and organized crimes It is prescribed for the medical examination of the person under observation.

Tolerance and tolerance, whether in individual life or in social life, is one of the categories that Islam has always paid attention to and has called its followers to adhere to this important principle and practice it in all times and conditions. In the present research, which was written with a descriptive analytical approach and using library sources, an effort has been made to explain this important issue of tolerance and its examples in Quranic and religious culture. In order to achieve this goal, first the literal and idiomatic meaning of tolerance is mentioned with reference to the most reliable books, and then various examples of tolerance both in the Qur'an and in the thoughts of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and Imam Ali (AS) are stated. and has been reviewed. The most important achievements of this research is that both in the Holy Qur'an and in the life of the Prophet (PBUH) and Imam Ali (PBUH), the social aspect of tolerance was given more attention and this issue is considered as one of the main factors. The maintenance of favorable relations between the members of the society and following that, the persistence and movement of the society in the path of progress were introduced. Mentioning verses and hadiths relevant to this issue in the current research is a good confirmation of this.

All human beings from every nation and tribe, race and religion, religion and belief agree that one of the most central individual and social actions is the education and guidance of children for the future. An action that is considered a necessary and undeniable condition for the growth and development of human society. The issue of armed hostilities in the current era is one of the most important issues in the international and domestic arena. The world witnesses international and internal wars every day. Prevention of these conflicts depends on the development of democracy and respect for human rights and the rule of law in various dimensions. It is. In the meantime, children are not the cause of provoking wars, but as history shows, they always suffer the most injuries due to wars in various ways. One of the acute international problems of children is the issue of systematic violence against children in armed conflicts, which is carried out brutally with the aim of ethnic cleansing. The meaning of judicial procedure in the absolute sense is the totality of the opinions of the courts and in the special sense the same method of the courts or a group of them regarding a certain legal issue and its repetition in such a way that it can be said that the same method will be adopted in case of facing a similar case. In other words, judicial procedure can be called the custom of courts. Undoubtedly, the international community's decisive and conscientious approach can have a positive effect in preventing the commission of these inhuman acts. The main focus of this research is on examining the issue of crimes against children and adolescents in specific international courts. The legal status of children and teenagers is under the supervision of law enforcers due to its special importance. Children have become the unwanted symbols of armed conflicts and extreme violence, and this study states that the International Criminal Court has not been able to provide the necessary protection for children at the international level.

The realization of modern Islamic civilization requires the balanced and all-round development of scientific, cultural, political and social dimensions, in which the university plays the role of driving force. The university in every society represents the highest level of thinking and science of that society, which manifests the norms and values of that society. The Iranian society in the Islamic revolution, which has made the Islamic worldview the basis for the design of modern human civilization, wants it to have higher education in accordance with the values and teachings of Islam. The most important source of Islamic teachings is the Qur'an. Therefore, the present research tries by analyzing the verses of the Holy Quran, to answer the question, what is the model of th civilization-maker university based on the teachings of the Holy Quran? The current research is qualitative and its strategy is data-based. The final model is designed using the paradigm model of Strauss and Corbin. Based on the findings of this study, Underlying conditions (including providing facilities, spiritual orientation, free-thinking, independence, attracting elites, competent managers, improving the social status of scholars, educational content, teaching methods), causal conditions (jihadi spirit, self-belief, security, order and discipline), Interventional Conditions (tabooism, mere quantitativeism instead of qualitativeism, relationship-oriented and political behavior, lack of collective spirit), Strategies (continuous interaction with domestic and international scientific institutions, active and creative communication with different parts of society, scientific criticism and production of science and theorizing, comprehensive view of science, foresight and future studies, research and innovation, training of specialized and committed human resources, generalization of science and knowledge, political and social education), and consequences (social development, political development, economic development, environmental development and cultural development).

In this research, Mir Seyyed Ali Hamdani's obituary opinions have been analyzed from the aspect of typology,In this way, after a general look at the concept of death, the issue of death from the point of view of Seyyed Ali Hamdani is presented in a brief way, and in the following, the view of this great mystic on the typology of death is examined. The results of this research show that in Seyyed Ali Hamadani's view, death is the release of a believer from the prison of the world, and it does not mean nothingness and destruction, but rather survival and immortality, and a seeker who is determined to walk,Until it becomes mortal, it will not be burdened with the status of survival. In the intellectual system and the field of view of this mystic, there are two types of death,formal and spiritual (optional and nonoptional). Formal and apparent death means the disconnection of the soul from the body and the transfer of the human soul or soul from the ecstasy of the world to the ecstasy of Purgatory,True death is called "spiritual death" and upon achieving it, a person no longer thinks about his virtues and vices. In this state, a person is so immersed in the sea of monotheism that the essence and the names and attributes of the truth are manifested in him, and nothing but divine actions and works are issued from him. The key word of Mir Seyed Ali Hamadani's discourses on death-thinking is based on the emphasis of "voluntary and real death" and the scope of the discourse of voluntary death casts a shadow over his works. True death has been used in two negative and positive meanings,In the sense that, on the one hand, he considered real death as a negative and negative meaning and attributed it to the negligent people because although they are not apparently dead, they are spiritually and spiritually dead and are truly dead. A person calls anyone who does not see the presence of truth in the system of existence as an ignorant person and considers him to have true death. On the other hand, true and spiritual death has a positive meaning,It has been considered unique by some people of mysticism, as a result of which, they did not attribute the attributes of dhimima and moral virtue and even their own existence to themselves, and the Almighty God appeared in their existence. Another thing is that Mir Seyyed Ali Hamdani, like a mystic like Kaysari, considered voluntary death to mean the observation of the truth in all areas of existence and the death of a servant in the truth.

The aim of the current research is to investigate the causal factors of moral education in primary school students with a grounded theory approach. research method according to the goal, fundamental-applied,It is a qualitative method. The statistical community in the qualitative section included all the experts, education experts, and educational management professors in Tehran, and 14 people were considered as samples in the qualitative section. In order to collect the information needed for the research, two methods of documentary and field studies were used, and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. To analyze the collected data, open-centered-selective coding was used. The findings of the research showed that the main dimensions of moral education of students are: Living environment, moral learning, guidance, instability of conditions, skill development and ethics. The necessary components for model research are: Family environment, educational environment, friendly environment, cognitive learning, emotional learning, psychomotor learning, scientific abilities, persuasion and encouragement, attention to spiritual values, behavioral disorders, negative effects of media, unsafe environment, failure to fulfill educational functions, responsibility, empowerment, awareness, conformity, dignity, legalism and rationalism.

Considering the increase in the rate of divorce, identifying its factors including aggression and helping to improve couples' relationships to reduce divorce,This research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of schema therapy and solution-oriented therapy on reducing the aggression of couples applying for divorce. In this research, a semi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test and follow-up was used. The statistical population included all divorce applicants in Bojnord city in 1400 who had applied to the court of justice of this city. The statistical sample consisted of 48 people who were selected through available sampling and after conducting a psychological interview, and then randomly in 3 schema therapy groups (8 couples) who participated in the protocol of ten 90-minute sessions of Yang (2003). The solution-oriented treatment group (8 couples) attended the protocol of seven 90-minute sessions by Zimmerman et al. (1997) and the control group (8 couples) were replaced. The tool for data collection was Bass and Perry's (1992) aggression questionnaire. Data were analyzed by repeated measure analysis in SPSS. The results of the research showed that there is a significant difference between the average pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental and control groups (P<0. 01). That is, both treatment methods had a significant effect in reducing couples' aggression. Also, the comparison of treatment groups indicated that there was no significant difference in reducing aggression between schema therapy and solutionoriented therapy (P<0. 05). It means that both groups have the same effect in reducing aggression. Also, in the follow-up period, compared to pre-test and post-test, the effect of reducing aggression was significant. Based on the obtained results, it can be said that schema therapy and solutionoriented therapy can reduce the aggression of couples and improve the relationship of couples seeking divorce.

Given the importance and position of women in the family, it seems that measures should be taken for their mental health. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based therapy on depressive symptoms, irrational beliefs and mental psychological well-being of women. This quasi-experimental study was a pre-test, post-test and follow-up after three months. The statistical population included women who referred to Mehregan Counseling Center in Mashhad who had referred in 2019. Among them, 30 women with depressive symptoms were randomly selected and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group awaiting treatment. To collect the data, the Irrational Beliefs Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory and Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale were used. The results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that acceptance and commitment-based therapy is effective in reducing depressive symptoms and irrational beliefs as well as increasing women's psychological wellbeing. Therefore, acceptance and commitment therapy can be effective in reducing depression, irrational beliefs and increasing women's psychological well-being. It is suggested that by using these variables by medical centers, other relevant organs and organizations, an effective step can be taken to improve the mental health status of women.

The main goal of this research was to design a psychological well-being model for counselors and psychologists, with a resilience approach. This research was conducted as a qualitative research based on the data theory of the foundation. The statistical population includes psychologists and counselors who are members of the country's psychology and counseling system organization with at least 5 years of experience, whose selection method was purposeful, snowball type, and the data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with 13 experts (11 academics)., 2 experts) were analyzed in three stages by open, central and selective coding methods. The research results were formed in the form of a paradigmatic model and a conceptual model as follows: causal conditions (education and promotion of specialized and cognitive abilities, self-acceptance), contextual conditions (factors related to clients), intervening conditions (supportive resources), measures and Strategies (categories of awareness of one's emotions (regulation of emotions), energy restoration, time budgeting (time management), spiritual skills, communication skills) and consequences (development of problem solving skills, effective conflict management). At the end, based on the findings and results, guidelines are provided for the implementation of the program.

The essence is a topological concept of understanding the nature of existence,Therefore, it has an effective role in the modern world. By analyzing this concept in Aristotle's philosophical model as well as the modern world, we see that in various fields such as,Philosophy, science and technology have functions, and these functions are the main achievement of this research, which the author has addressed in a completely analytical way. In general, these functions can be explained in three axes: first, understanding the basic principles of existence in the contemporary world, second, the determining role of essence in different aspects-whether it is in determining the nature of physical beings that are in the field of science or moral dilemmas-In a sense, the basic essence of reality. Third, understanding personal identity as well as developing and strengthening critical thinking skills in the contemporary world and helping to advance knowledge. However, although the Aristotelian essence is still playing a role in the modern world, but since the meaning of the essence may have limitations, because the society is always growing and evolving, therefore, the re-evaluation and analysis of this concept to adapt Complete with the changing landscape of the contemporary world, it is vital.

One of the constant problems of societies is the mixing of facts and beliefs with superstitions and misunderstandings. Maybe beliefs that do not have a clear and correct support, but the passage of time has pushed it to the limit of a holy belief. These superstitions and false beliefs existed in the previous period as well, one of these periods is the Qajar period. In such a way that, along with the weakness of the health system and care facilities, some popular beliefs about health and hygiene were considered to be an inhibiting factor in people's health. Folk medicine is a mixture of superstitions and false beliefs and sometimes signs of traditional medicine. The arrival of modern medicine in Iran in the Qajar era can be considered the beginning of a new phase in the country's medical history. The findings of the research indicate that, in addition to the inhibition of popular beliefs on people's health, these beliefs became the general culture of the people in this period, which led to disorders such as the spread of infectious and dangerous diseases, lack of attention to health orders due to fatalism, The prevalence of determinism has led to the wastage of people's money due to the deception of charm sellers. It seems that the poverty and misery, the miserable life that most of the people of the Qajar era faced, the ignorance, the limitations and the neglect of women in the society and family life, etc., caused a deterioration in the beliefs and opinions of the people. enter and the tendency towards superstitions to get rid of the problems that plagued them will increase.

One of the new methods of reproduction is artificial insemination, in which, by assisted reproductive methods in medical science, a woman's oocyte is fertilized using male sperm, and as a result of the fusion of sperm and oocyte, an embryo is formed. In this method, a woman gets pregnant with medical devices without intercourse. This research aims to examine the jurisprudential and legal foundations of artificial insemination and its consequences, both financial and non-financial effects, in the form of two general methods. In the first method, the baby's sperm from the combination of husband and wife's sperm is legal, and the resulting baby is a legitimate child according to the majority of scholars and jurists, and all the legal consequences of natural children are borne by him, regardless of whether the bay is grown in the wife's womb or in the another woman's womb or in an artificial device. In the second method, the baby is born from the sperm of an alien male and female oocyte, which according to most scholars and jurists, although this act is forbidden, but according to the popular opinion, the effects of descent are imposed on the baby because such an act does not fall under the title of adultery. Also, in this research, the topic of renting a uterus, donating oocyte, and donating embryos has been investigated from the point of view of tasks and situational effects, which is a library method, and the topics have been explored based on the descriptive-argumentative method.