FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY
Year:2016 | Volume:2 | Issue:2|Papers Count:7

Marital satisfaction is defined as the degree of correspondence between an individual current status in couple relationships with his/her expected one. The objective of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of communicative skills and emotional interactions instruction on improving marital satisfaction with focusing on religious aspects. The study was a quasi-experimental research with pre-test, post-test with control group. The participants of the study were 20 couples which placed in the experimental (10) and the control (10) groups. The instrument of the study was Afrooz Marital Satisfaction Scale (AMSS). The experimental group experienced an 8 session, 1.5 hour instructional intervention which held once a week. The results demonstrated that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental group while there was not in the control group. It should be mentioned that the effects of intervention remained for two months. The findings of this study point to the key role of communication skills and religious values in marital success and can be used by psychologists and family counselors.

Quality of couple's relationship and their marital adjustment are influenced by several factors. Basic psychological needs and parental bondings are considered as important determinants for marital adjustment and quality of their relationships. The present study aimed to examine the moderating role of parental bonding on the relationship between basic psychological needs satisfaction and marital adjustment. A total of 278 married individuals (131 men, 147 women) living in Yazd city participated in the study. Participants were asked to complete the Basic Needs Satisfaction in General Scale (BNSG-S), Golombok Rust Inventory of Marital State (GRIMS), and Parental Bonding Inventory (PBI). Results showed that basic psychological needs satisfaction had a significant positive association with marital adjustment. Parental care and parental over protection showed positive and negative associations with marital adjustment, respectively. The relationship between basic psychological needs satisfaction and marital adjustment was moderated only by maternal care. According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that the relationship between basic psychological needs satisfaction and marital adjustment is not a simple linear one, but somewhat is influenced by parental bonding.

Given the widespread phenomenon of parent-adolescent conflicts in family interactions and unpleasant consequences of them in the short and long term, the development and use of intervention programs, with the aim of training adaptive management of these conflicts, is an inevitable research necessity. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of attribution retraining intervention program on conflict solution style, optimism and reducing parent-adolescent conflicts. Fifty mothers participated in this study (25 each). In both experimental and control groups, before and after training, mothers responded the parent version of the Adolescent-Parent Conflicts Questionnaire (APCQ), Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) and Conflict Resolution Styles Inventory (CRSI). The attribution retraining program for mothers in experimental group was administered in 7 two-hour sessions. The results showed that the intervention program, in short and long-term, was effective in increasing the amount of optimism and positive problem solving and in reducing the severity of their conflict with adolescents and non-adaptive strategies. The results of this study empirically supported the determining role of attribution retraining program to help strengthen optimistic thinking and interpersonal conflict resolution skills, and to reduce the severity of conflicting experiences of parents with their adolescents.

Readiness for marriage is regarded as a subjective evaluation of one's own readiness to take on the responsibilities and challenges of marriage and a predictor of marital satisfaction. So the aim of the present research was studying the lived experiences of marriage readiness among married students. The study was conducted in a qualitative method using a phenomenological approach. Thus 16 married students who had felt marriage readiness at the time of their marriage, were selected in a purposive sampling which were studied via in-depth and exploratory interviews. Then data were collected, registered, encoded and classified into 5 main categories. By analyzing the participants' experiences, 551 primary codes, 17 subthemes, and five main themes, including interpersonal readiness, intrapersonal readiness, contextual readiness, meeting the needs, and social support were identified. The results showed that different factors such as gaining moral, emotional and mental readiness to marriage, gaining emotional and financial independence from family of origin, getting ready to sacrifice, forgiveness and commitment to spouse, accepting the responsibilities and challenges of marital life, acquiring necessary interpersonal skills, considering some criteria for choosing spouse, making acquaintance with the spouse, getting some experiences from marital life of others and student life, age readiness, and others' supports have an important role in preparing people for marriage. So all important factors should be noticed in marriage preparation programs which target adolescents and the youth.

Marital burnout is a consistently observed essential factor for divorce in most literature and is influenced by many factors including neuroticism, family of origin, relationship beliefs and couple communication patterns. This study was carried out to investigate the direct and indirect effects of enduring vulnerabilities (neuroticism, family of origin, relationship beliefs) by communication patterns in marital burnout of divorce-seeking couples.100 divorce-seeking couples completed measures of Couple Burnout Pains (CBM), Neuroticism component of Neo Personality Inventory (NEO-FFI), Family of Origin (FOS), Relationship Beliefs (RBI) and Communication Patterns Questionnaire-Short Form (CPQ-SF) in Ardabil, Iran. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results showed that direct paths of neuroticism, relationship beliefs, positive and demand/withdraw communication patterns to marital burnout were significant. Also direct paths of neuroticism and relationship beliefs to demand/withdraw pattern; and Family of origin and relationship beliefs to positive pattern were significant. Also, the results of this study revealed that the indirect relationship between neuroticism and relationship beliefs to marital burnout through demand/withdraw pattern, and indirect relationship between family of origin and relationship beliefs to marital burnout through positive pattern were significant. The results of the present study shows that enduring vulnerabilities of couples lonely or with communication patterns can have a role in marital burnout in lifespan and also this result can help experts in process of premarital consultation and couple therapy.

Depression is a common mental disorder affecting adolescents and associated with high levels of stress, anxiety, and in the worst possible scenarios, suicide. This question always is asked, which treatment in more effective. The aim of present study was the effectiveness of family-based interpersonal psychotherapy (FB-IPT) on depression symptoms in adolescents. Three depressive adolescents male were selected in Tehran. Multiple baseline experimental single case was used as the method of the present study.14 sessions of family-based interpersonal psychotherapy (FBIPT) was administrated in 2 days per week and 7 consecutive weeks. This treatment was carried out in three phase of baseline, intervention and follow-up and participants complete Mood Affect Questionnaire (MFQ) in phase of baseline 3 times, intervention 5 times and follow-up 2 times. Data analyzed with visuals inspection, reliable change index (RCI) strategies and improvement percentage. Results showed that family-based interpersonal psychotherapy (FB-IPT) had significant effect in reduction of depression signs. According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that integrating individual treatment with family system, especially parents, can have more effective outcomes in adolescents; therefore applying this method is recommended by the professionals of this field.

Among the factors causing conflicts between the couple are the subjects and underlying of their thoughts. In other words, when the couple has their own thoughts and special mental patterns, they may face conflicts in their communication with each other. On this basis, the present research was conducted aiming at determining the effectiveness of training Feldman's integrated approach on the increase of mindfulness and decrease of marital conflicts of the couple. The research was an experimental research of pretest-posttest type with a control group. For this purpose, 10 couples who were eligible for the conditions intended by the researcher were selected and they were then placed in two groups, namely test and witness groups. The test group was then influenced by Feldman integrated approach during 8 sessions each for 90-120 minutes. Mindfulness scale (FFMQ) and Marital Conflict Questionnaire (MCQ) were executed as research instruments in both groups during three stages, namely pretest, posttest and follow-up). The findings obtained from data analysis indicated that there is a significant difference between pretest and posttest scores of test and control groups. It means that training Feldman's integrated approach has increased mindfulness and has decreased marital conflicts of the couples and this effect is durable over time. Considering the findings of the present research, it can be concluded that Feldman's integrated approach can be used by couple therapists and family therapists as one of the interventional procedures.