Pars Journal of Medical Sciences
Year:2022 | Volume:20 | Issue:1|Papers Count:9

Introduction: Preeclampsia (PE) is a heterogeneous pregnancy disease. The exact pathophysiology of PE is unknown. Recently, exosomes have been indicated as a causative factor in the pathogenesis of PE. The aims of the study were to investigate microarray library data to extract the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in PE and perform a functional enrichment analysis to predict the role of DEGs in the pathogenesis of PE. Materials and Methods: GSE10588 microarray library data was analyzes by GEO2R and R package (version 4. 1. 0). Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to analyze the normality of the data. Annotation analysis was performed by Enrichr, DAVID 6. 8 and PANTHER 16. Results: Herein, microarray data analysis showed that LEP, OR8G2 and DST genes with log2 FC> 4 had a significant up-regulation, as well as PTCH1 and ZNF598 genes with log2 FC<-3 had a significant down-regulation in placenta of preeclamtic women. Cellular component analysis showed that most of the extracted genes in functional analysis were related to extracellular exosomes (EXEXs). In addition, the results showed that response to hypoxia, cell-cell adhesion, brain development and galactose metabolism were the enriched pathways. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that EXEXs, response to hypoxia and galactose metabolism were significantly related to PE and could be used as prognostic factors for PE.

Introduction: Due to the relatively high prevalence of benign breast diseases in women and the hormonal relationship in puberty and regulating the growth rate of epithelial cells and stromal cells of the breast, more attention to these effective hormonal factors will be effective in reducing the prevalence of these diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the use of hormonal contraceptive pills and the prevalence of fibroadenoma in women referred to Khatam al-Anbia Breast Cancer Clinic in Jahrom and healthy women referred to Khatam al-Anbia Clinic in Jahrom Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 610 women referred to Khatam Al-Anbia Breast Cancer Clinic in Jahrom participated in 2019. The data collection tool in this study was a researcher-made questionnaire that the validity of this questionnaire was determined by 5 professors of the Department of Surgery and Obstetrics and its reliability was determined by Cronbach's alpha test of 85%. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 21 and descriptive and inferential statistical tests Results: 610 women aged 20-60 years who referred to Khatamah Al-Anbia Clinic in Jahrom participated in the study. The history of hyperlipidemia in women participating in the study had the highest frequency in fibroadenoma and non-fibroadenoma groups. Also in the fibroadenoma group, 30. 2% of women were overweight and 10. 4% obese, while in the group without fibroadenoma, 43. 7% of women were overweight and 24. 6% were obese. Regarding the use of hormonal drugs, the results of logistic regression by modulating the effect of age and BMI showed that the duration of use of OCP, OR = 0. 93 (CI: 0. 55, 1. 56)) was not significantly associated with the chance of developing benign breast masses (PV: 0. 78) Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the use of birth control pills (OCP) is not associated with the occurrence of benign breast diseases. However, due to the relationship between the use of hormonal pills or malignant breast diseases, it is better to do this study from other angles and by modifying confounding variables and on a larger scale.

Introduction: In arthroplasty, spinal anesthesia was preferred to general anesthesia for a variety of reasons due to the use of cement. The side effects of cement on the cardiovascular system of patients, which can be catastrophic, it's necessary to find appropriate treatment methods to reduce side effects of cement. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 90 patients were arthroplasty candidates divided into three groups. The first group 25 mg intravenous promethazine, the second 10 mg intravenous ephedrine and the control group the equivalent volume of distilled intravenous water 10 minutes before cement injection received. Hemodynamic symptoms of patients entering the operating room, after spinal, immediately before injection. The drug was recorded after injection, five and ten minutes after cement injection. Data analysis by descriptive and inferential levels. Results: Promethazine and ephedrine and control groups in systolic blood pressure at the time after drug injection and five and ten minutes after cement and diastolic blood pressure at 10 minutes after cement were significant(p<0. 05). There was a significant difference between the study groups in heart rate at five minutes after cementing (p=0. 041) and also in terms of O2 SAT at time of arrival (p=0. 001). Conclusion: According to the results of the study, in patients with arthroplasty by injection of cement due to hemodynamic changes, the use of ephedrine and promethazine can affect the hemodynamic stability of patients and help stabilize systolic blood pressure (ephedrine) and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate (promethazine) to minimize the complications of these surgeries.

Introduction: Doxorubicin leads to lipid profile disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on the lipid profile of male rats after receiving doxorubicin. Material and Methods: In this experimental study, 63 adult male rats were divided into 7 groups of 9: control group, sham group: received distilled water. Experimental group 1 received 20 mg / kg/ bw doxorubicin intraperitoneally, experimental groups 2 and 3 received 300 mg / kg/ bw and 600 mg / kg/ bw of hydroalcoholic extract of ginger orally for 2 months, respectively. Experimental groups 5 and 4 received doxorubicin and hydroalcoholic extract of ginger (20 mg / kg/ bw + 300 mg / kg/ bw) and (20 mg / kg/ bw + 600 mg / kg/ bw), respectively for 2 months. After the end of the experimental period, blood samples were collected and serum levels of lipid profiles were measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 19 and the groups were compared by ANOVA and Tukey test. Results: Serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol were significantly increased in the doxorubicin group compared to the control group. Serum HDL cholesterol levels in the doxorubicin group showed a significant decrease compared to the control group. Serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol in the groups (20 mg / kg/ bw + 300 mg / kg/ bw) and (20 mg / kg/ bw + 600 mg / kg/ bw) showed a significant decrease compared to the doxorubicin group (P <0. 05). Conclusion: Ginger hydroalcoholic extract probably improved its lipid profile after receiving doxorubicin due to its antioxidant properties.

Introduction: Vaccination is one of the most effective available tools to prevent infectious diseases. Due to the great importance of vaccination of children, the present study aimed to determine the status of vaccination coverage in children in Abadan before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: In this descriptive study, data related to the vaccination status of 115 children born in 1398 and 98 children born in 1399 were collected. Vaccination delay status was recorded as a ranking variable with a range from "no delay" to "no vaccination" and in four age groups "at birth", two, 4 and 6 months. Number (percentage) was used to present the delay status of vaccination in population subgroups. GEE (generalized estimating equations) and two-way and rank logistic regression were used to compare the delay status of different vaccination periods between two years and also to examine the relationship between demographic variables and delay in vaccination. Analyzes were performed using SPSS 24 software at a significance level of 0. 05. Results: With the passage of time from the birth of the baby, a significant increase in the rate of delay in vaccination was observed in both years. Comparing different times between two years, the chance of delay in vaccination in all times of 1399 was higher than 1398 and over time this difference increased so that in 1399 the chance of long delay in four months OR = 1. 59 (p = 0. 062) and six months OR = 4. 87 (p <0. 001) was equal to 1398. In general comparison, the chance of long delay in 1399, OR = 1. 54 (p = 0. 002) was equal to the chance of long delay in 1398. Maternal employment and the child with an underlying disease had a significant effect on increasing the delay in vaccination. Conclusions: Due to the decrease in parental visits for vaccination of children during the Covid-19 epidemic, health officials should make more efforts to maintain coverage and vaccination during this or similar periods.

Introduction: Severe stressful events are associated with the risk of mental disorders such as depression and anxiety. Due to the negative effects of anti-anxiety drugs, researcher’, s attention have been focused on finding natural ingredients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of oleuropein on anxiety induced by acute stress in male rats. Materials and Methods: To induce Acute restraint stress (ARS) mice immobilizated in restrainer 2 hours for one time,then an electric shock (2 minutes 0. 5mA) were used. Mice under acute stress were randomly divided into 5 groups including control group (under acute stress receiving normal saline), intervention groups (under acute stress receiving oleuropein at doses of 7. 5, 15 and 30 mg/kg and positive control (under acute stress receiving diazepam10mg/kg). Results: In ARS mice treated with 30mg/kg of oleurpein significantly increased the time spent in the open arms and decreased the time spent in the closed arms of elevated plus maze (EPM) )p<0. 05). Administration of different doses of oleuropein increase the capacity of anti-oxidants and decreased levels of serum malondialdehyde in rat brain and in ARS mice )p<0. 05). Conclusion: It seems that, the effectiveness of oleuropein on anxiety in rats under acute stress may via reducing oxidative stress.

Introduction: Multiple drug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains have spread in different parts of hospitals. The aim of this study was to design and synthesize an effective hybrid peptide by combining different parts of two peptides to achieve the highest antibacterial activity and its inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Materials and Methods: From two antimicrobial peptides MELITININ + BMAP27, a hybrid peptide of the both peptides was considered and synthesized. The antibacterial effect of this peptide on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains was determined. Results: P. aeruginosa exhibited a growth inhibition zone with a diameter of 15 mm and S. aureus by creating a growth inhibition zone of 16 mm in diameter. Further, at 0. 5% peptide concentration, P. aeruginosa exhibited a growth inhibition zone with a diameter of 19 mm and S. aureus outlined a growth inhibition zone with a diameter of 20 mm against peptide. Clinical strains from both bacterial species demonstrated higher resistance rates to antibiotics and peptides. In some concentrations, the combination of peptides and antibiotics increased the susceptibility of bacterial species but was not significant in all concentrations. Conclusion: A hybrid peptide consisting of two peptides, melitinin and BMAP-27, has antibacterial effect on clinical and standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The combination of this peptide with antibiotics can be effective in reducing side effects and antibiotic resistance.

Introduction: A growing amount of evidence has revealed that circular RNAs (circRNAs), covalently closed single-stranded non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), play significant roles in initiation and progression of breast cancer (BC) through different mechanisms. This study aims to investigate the hsa_circ_0003098 expression and its potential roles in BC, as well as the circRNA/miRNA/mRNA crosstalk in these contexts. Materials and Methods: Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was used to assess the expression of hsa_circ_0003098 in the breast tumors compared with adjacent normal tissues. Its association with different demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of BC patients was assessed by statistical analysis. Finally, we used bioinformatic approaches to uncover the potential circRNA/miRNA/mRNA axes using some databases and software. Results: Our results revealed that hsa_circ_0003098 expression is significantly upregulated in BC tumors compared with the adjacent normal tissues. Moreover, hsa_circ_0003098 over-expression is significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and hair dye use. Next, we found that this circRNA can regulate key mRNAs and miRNAs in the ceRNA network. Conclusion: It is suggested that hsa_circ_0006960, which is significantly up-expressed in breast tumors and associated with lymph node metastasis, could play key roles in the physiopathology of breast cancer through sponging off the miRNAs involved in hsa_circ_0003098/miRNAs/mRNAs network.

Introduction: According to experts, Stress and anxiety can weaken the immune system and make people vulnerable to diseases such as corona virus. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of Hope Therapy Based on Cognitive-Spiritual Approach and Tai chi Exercises on Anxiety due to Corona Disease in students. Materials and Methods: A Semi-experimental design was conducted (pre-test and post-test) with two experimental and one control groups. 45 female students of the Islamic Azad University of Tabriz who had higher scores on the Corona virus Anxiety Scale (CDAS8) were selected by convenience sampling and randomly divided into two experimental groups (15 people in each group) and one control group (15 people). For the first group, Hope Therapy Based on Cognitive-Spiritual Approach training (10 sessions,Week 2 sessions, one and a half hours) and for the second group, Tai chi Exercises (10 sessions,Week 2 sessions, 30 to 40 minutes) was applied and the control group did not receive any training. Prior and after the training, the subjects completed Corona virus Anxiety Scale Alipour et al. (2020). Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that the mean scores of Corona Disease Anxiety and its components (psychological and physical symptoms) reduced significantly in the Hope Therapy Based on Cognitive-Spiritual Approach training group comparison to Tai chi exercises group and in the Tai chi Exercises group comparison to the control group in the post-test (P < 0. 05). The difference between the three groups in the total score of students' Corona Disease Anxiety and its components (physical and psychological symptoms) are effect amount with 0. 74, 0. 70 and 0. 62, respectively. Conclusion: The results showed that Hope Therapy Based on Cognitive-Spiritual Approach is more effective in reducing corona disease anxiety in female students than Tai chi exercises.