Journal of Applied Psychological Research
Year:2017 | Volume:8 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:7

Facial expressions of emotion are one of the most complex mental states. The aim of this study was to examine the link between attachment styles and ability to recognize facial expressions of emotion. In a cross-sectional study, 221 people (100 women and 121 men) from Shahid Beheshti students were selected using convenience sampling method and completed the revised computerized version of the facial emotional expressions test and Attachment Style Questionnaire. Results indicated difference between individuals with secure and insecure attachment styles in recognizing facial expressions of emotion. So that individuals with secure attachment styles had better performance than individuals with insecure attachment. There were no significant differences between individuals with avoidance and anxiety attachment styles. Results are discussed in terms of the long-term influence of early experiences of mother and child relationship on the ability to recognize facial emotional expressions.

Classroom structure has plenty of influence on learning process. Creative education environment is one of the most important influential factors in learning quality as one of the effective variables on the intrinsic motivation. In this study, the relationship between creative education environment and self-regulated learning strategies and mediation of intrinsic learning motivation was studied.300 female students of the university of Tehran, from faculties of psychology, social science and economy, were selected based on convenience sampling method to respond to the questionnaires of actual creative education atmosphere, spontaneous learning strategies MSLQ and intrinsic motivation AMS. The results were analyzed using structural equations modeling. The obtained results showed that creative education atmosphere has significant correlation with the self-regulated learning strategies and the relationship between creative education atmosphere and self-regulated learning is mediated through intrinsic learning motivation. So, according to the importance of self-regulation and intrinsic motivation in the academic achievement, it is suggested that conditions be created for students to enhance the intrinsic motivation, use of self-regulation strategies increases. Consequently, results indicate that the creative education atmosphere influences the use of self-regulated learning strategies directly and through mediation of learning motivation.

The current study was carried out to investigate internal consistency and factor validity of Omnibus Trust Scale (OTS) developed by Hoy & Tschannen-moran (2003). In this study, 255 teachers from elementary schools of Bajestan were selected through multistage sampling method. Internal consistency of Omnibus Trust scale investigated by Cronbach’s alpha method and factor structure's scale were verified with principal axis factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis too. Results indicated that Cronbach’s alpha for scale is 0/96 and all of subscales have high degree of alpha too. Also factor analysis with principal axis and promax rotation indicated three components similar to what mentioned by designers in original study that these factors overall explained 71/04 percent of the variance in data. Confirmatory factor analysis of scale indicates that three extracted components structure have good fit to data, too. Findings of this study emphasize that Omnibus Trust Scaleis a reliable and valid instrument to assess faculty trust of Iranian teachers.

The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavior (CBT) therapy (Borkovec model) and mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT) in mediator variables of generalized anxiety disorder. A Semi experimental design using pre and post-test and a four months follow up was conducted. The statistical population comprised of women with generalized anxiety disorder in Tehran. Participants’ selection was based on availability and they were randomly assigned into two groups. In this research, the following measurement tools were used: Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), Cognitive Avoidance Scale (CAQ), Problem Solving Inventory (PSI), Dysregulation of Emotion Scale (DERS), Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). Participants completed the tools in pre& post test and 4 months follow up. Data were analyzed via repeated measure analysis of variance. Results showed that CBT was effective in reducing cognitive avoidance, improving problem solving and emotion regulation in post-test and follow up compared to MBCT. MBCT was significantly effective in improving mindfulness attention awareness and self-compassion. It is inferred from the results that the effectiveness of the two treatments in mediator variables is different.

The purpose of this study is comparison of parents’ marital satisfaction based on the characteristics and type of children’s disability. According to the subject and purpose of the current research, the present study is the type of ex-post factor. The study’s participants were 125 couples who were selected and investigated by a random multi-stage cluster sampling. The study instruments include: Afrooz marital satisfaction Scale (Short form) and demographic questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed in two sections of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (ANOVA and independent t-test). Results showed that there is significant difference between parent’s marital satisfaction of students with hearing impairment, visuall impairment, mentall retardation and normal students (P<0.01). Group of parents who have students with hearing impairment had less marital satisfaction than other groups. This study also showed that there is a significant difference between groups of fathers and mothers in terms of marital satisfaction (P<0.001). According to the results of the current study it seems that marital satisfaction of parents with disabled children can be affected by type of children’s disability; and parents of children with hearing impairment have less marital satisfaction because they experience different needs and conditions from other parents. Thus we suggest to carry out effective and early intervention programs for parents of disabled children, especially parents of children with hearing impairment.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between perception of classroom learning environment and academic emotion with mathematics improvement in two levels of student and classroom. This relationship was analyzed among six hundred students of 6Th grade from 20 classes. Students completed two questionnaires: Perceived learning environment of Frenzel, Pekrun, Goetz (2007) and academic emotional of Pekrun, Goetz, Frenzel (2005). Multilevel analysis found a significant and negative association of educational Anxiety and positive and significant association of enjoyment with mathematics performance at the student level and also significant association of perception dimensions from classroom learning environment including quality of mathematics instruction, peers' esteem, teachers' punishment, competition with mathematics achievements at the the school level. In full model, 29% and 71%, of the variance in mathematics performance explained based on the variables at student level and school level respectively. The results highlighted that the two-level model presents more knowledge on the contrary to the normal and one-level method

The aim of this study was to compare the ethical self-superiority in terms of doing good deeds and in terms of not doing bad deeds. moral self-superiority has two forms: (1) the belief that "I do good things more than others", and (2) the belief that "I do bad things less than others", and the intensity of moral self-superiority can be different in these two areas. The research design was experimental and within-subjects and the research population were students of Islamic Azad University of Buin Zahra in 2016-17 academic year (N=5000) among which 73 were selected using random sampling. The research tool was a researcher-made scale in which the subjects were asked to determine whether they or others are more likely to do seven moral and immoral behaviors. One-sample t-test showed that when the subjects are confronted with unethical behaviors, they confirm that they are less likely than others to perform the behaviors (self-superiority), but when they encounter ethical behaviors, they do not announce that they are more likely than others to perform the behaviors (do not have self-superiority).