Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Year:2012 | Volume:19 | Issue:6|Papers Count:14

Background & Aims: The role of P53 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) genes in inflamed and non-inflamed odontogenic cysts is related to cell proliferation but it is unclear. The aim of this study was immunohistochemical evaluation of P53 and PCNA expression in inflamed and non-inflamed dentigerous cysts.Methods: In the present study, 23 dentigerous cysts (12 inflamed and 11 non-inflamed) were surveyed. Three microns slices were got from paraffined blocks and stained with P53 and PCNA antibodies by immunohistochemistry. Slides were seen by oral pathologist with optical microscope (Olympus BX41) in ×400 magnification and scored by Allred scoring. Data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney test via SPSS software.Results: Percent of stained cells in inflamed compared non-inflamed dentigerous cyst did not show any significant difference for expression level of P53 and PCNA in basal and suprabasal layers (P>0.05).Conclusion: It seems that inflammation does not affect on expression level of P53 and PCNA in dentigerous cyst.

Background & Aims: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the chronic autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system with unknown etiology. The present study aimed to investigate the apoptosis and nitric oxide (NO) production of endothelial cells treated with serum of patients with MS and response to interferon beta (IFN-) therapy.Methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were treated with sera from patients with active MS (in relapse), MS in remission, or sera from healthy volunteers (each n=10). Nitric oxide (NO) levels were determined in culture supernatants by Greiss method and endothelial cell apoptosis was assessed by annexin V-propidium iodide staining. Effects of IFN-beta-1b on endothelial cell apoptosis and NO production were tested at increasing doses (10, 100, and 1000 U/ml).Results: Compared with healthy people, only apoptosis of endothelial cells treated with serum of patients with relapsing phase increased, P<0.01; while there was no significant difference between apoptosis of endothelial cells treated with serum of patients in remission phase and healthy controls. Apoptosis of endothelial cells treated with sera of patients in relapse was decreased by IFN-beta-1b at 10 U/ml, P<0.05. The same dose also led to a significant increase in nitric oxide production.Conclusion: The results suggest that endothelial cells injury and apoptosis may play a role in MS etiology and represents a potential therapeutic mechanism of action for IFN-beta-1b in MS therapy.

Background & Aims: Visceral leishmaniosis (VL) is a sporadic disease in many provinces of Iran, while it is considered endemic in other parts. This study was designed to assess the seroprevalence of canine VL in the Kerman city.Methods: Samples were randomly selected from the referred household dogs to the veterinary hospital of Shahid Bahonar university, Kerman, Iran and stray dogs, euthanized by Kerman municipality. Blood samples were taken after complete clinical examination. All collected sera were tested by a commercial indirect ELISA kit for the presence of anti Leishmania infantum antibodies. In addition, complete blood count tests were performed in all dogs to detect hematological alterations. Collected data were analyzed through SPSS software and usingc c2 and fishers’ exact tests.Results: The overall seroprevalence was 7.03%, which was calculated 11.1% in stray dogs. Seroprevalence of disease was significantly higher in dogs over 5 years old in comparison to younger dogs (P<0.01). Seroprevalence had no significant relationship with sex and hematological alterations.Conclusion: Although the seroprevalence of canine VL in Kerman city was less than that in endemic parts, stray dogs could be a potential risk factor for public health in this area. Further complementary ecological studies on vectors and reservoirs in different areas of Kerman province seem to be necessary.

Background & Aims: Limited joint mobility (LJM) is a complication of diabetes mellitus, which usually begins from the small joints of hands and is associated with long-term complications of diabetes, such as retinopathy and nephropathy. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of Limited Joint Mobility in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Kerman in 2003.Methods: Sixty-six patients with type I diabetes mellitus (case group) and 66 sex- and age-matched, healthy subjects (control group) were enrolled into the study. LJM was diagnosed with “prayer sign” and its severity was categorized into 3 levels of mild, moderate, and severe. The results of measurements of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), date of birth, date of onset of diabetes, sex, weight, and height were recorded, as well. Anthropometric indices were calculated using the reference data of NCHS and WHO.Results: Case and control groups had similar gender and age distributions. Anthropometric indices were significantly lower in cases than in controls (P<0.05). LJM was observed in 25 ones in case group (37.9%) and in 5 ones in control group (7.6%) that shows statistically significant difference (P<0.001). LJM in diabetic patients was positively correlated with age (P=0.047) and duration of diabetes (P<0.003), but not with age of onset of diabetes (P>0.05). Mean level of HbA1c was significantly higher in diabetics with LJM than in those without LJM (P<0.001). The presence and severity of LJM was inversely correlated with height for age and weight for age indices in the study group (P<0.05).Conclusion: The observed results are in accordance with prevalence rates reported previously. Since LJM has been associated with more serious long-term complications of diabetes in cross-sectional studies, we believe diabetic patients should be tested routinely for this forgotten sign and appropriate preventive measures should be taken.

Background & Aims: The relationship between variations of Willis circle and some cerebrovascular diseases has been shown in previous studies. A few studies have been conducted in Iran on these variations.Methods: This study was performed on 100 recently deceased Iranians due to car accidents who had been referred to Kerman Forensic Medicine Center for autopsy. The length and diameter of cerebral vessels were measured using glass plate method and variations of Willis circle were determined according to Lazorthes classification.Results: The sample included 81 males and 19 females aged 16-81 years. The two most prevalent forms of Willis circle were type 1 (50%) and type 4 (38%) according to Lazort classification. Asymmetry and hypoplasia were seen in 51% and 61% of cases respectively. Asymmetry was most often seen in the left posterior communication artery. There was no significant relationship between the presence of asymmetry in anterior cerebral arteries and the size of anterior communicating artery. Moreover, the size of the posterior communication artery had not been affected by the presence of asymmetry in the posterior cerebral arteries.Conclusion: However, the anatomical variations found in this study were similar to those in the literature, racial similarities among the studied populations do not allow to exclude the role of race on the variations of Willis circle. The difference between common variations in the cadaver andin vivo studies hypothesizes that radiological studies during life are more appropriate to show the role of race on the variations of the circle of Willis. Nonsignificant relationships between the size of communication arteries and anterior and posterior cerebral arteries support this hypothesis.

Background & Aims: The goal of this study was to determine the effect of foot serial casting along with botulinum toxin type-A injection on spasticity in children with cerebral palsy.Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial performed as a pre-post, double blind study. It was performed on 25 children with hemiplegia and diplegia (2-8 years) in Tehran city, who were referred to valiasr rehabilitation foundation. Participants were chosen by simple randomized sampling and were matched for age, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and type. They were randomly divided into two groups. The first group (n=13) underwent BTX-A injection alone and the second group (n=12) had BTX-A injection and foot serial casting after the injection. Clinical assessments were done using the GMFCS and Modified Ashworth Scale before and at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the interventions. Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed rank test and mann-whitney U.Results: Comparison of two groups in regard to the right and left knee spasticity at, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after injection showed no significant difference in comparison to those before interventions. Furthermore, comparison of right and left ankle spasticity before injection with that at 1, and 3 months follow ups did not show statistically significant difference, but significant differences were found when compared with 6 and 12 month follow-ups (P<0.05).Conclusion: It seems, one of the proper approaches to reduce spasticity in children with cerebral palsy is foot serial casting along with botulinum toxin type-A injection and it can decrease the muscle tone when applied more than six months.

Background & Aims: Some people use opioid substances to relief their chronic somatic pains. There are differences in the personality traits of this individuals and others who abuse opioid substances. The purpose of the present study was to compare these two groups in regard to their personality traits and disorders.Methods: In a cross-sectional study between 2007 to 2011, all patients referred for drug quit to the outpatient addiction clinic of Imam Hospital affiliated to Jundishapur University were investigated demographically. In addition, all of them underwent physical examination, MMPI test and psychiatric interview. Then they were divided into two groups of “with pain complaint” and “without pain complaint”. Their personality traits were compared using t-test and c2.Results: The total number of patients was 488, including 478 males and 10 females. Mean scores of Psychatenia (pt) and paranoia (Pa) indexes in the patients who suffered from chronic non- cancer pain was lower in comparison to the patients without pain complaint. Based on the results of psychological interview, the prevalence of personality disorder was higher in the “without pain” group. Patients with chronic pain had higher educational degrees and they were more likely under the influence of their friends at the onset of opioid abuse.Conclusion: In the present study those who used opioid for pain relief, had healthier psychiatric profiles and personalities. Their psychiatric interviews were more valid and reliable and their psychological problems were less than the other group and their addiction was a maladaptive behavior.

Background & Aims: Hydronephrosis is a common problem in prenatal and newborn infants diagnosed by ultrasonography. Bladder to ureter reflux, the upper or lower urinary tract obstruction, and neurogenic bladder are the most common causes of hydronephrosis in newborns and infants.Methods: In this study, 100 neonates and infants with hydronephrosis were observed clinically and laboratorically for one year. Patients were allocated to two groups of fetal and newborn infants by the time of detection of hydronephrosis. Classification of the severity of hydronephrosis was based on the anteriorposterior diameter of renal pelvis including: mild hydronephrosis (5-9 mm), moderate (10-15 mm), and severe (more than 15 mm).Results: Fifty four patients were boy and 46 were girl. Mean age of patients in first visit of fetal and newborn infants hydronephrosis were respectively 2.5 (79% asymptomatic) and 5 month (100% symptomatic). Causes of fetal hydronephrosis were: bladder to ureter reflux (45%), idiopathic hydronephrosis (41%), ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) (3 11%), physiological hydronephrosis (7.5%), and posterior urethral valve (8.3%). Bladder to ureter reflux was the most common cause of hydronephrosis in all of the patients (57%) The most common causes of mild and severe hydronephrosis were bladder to ureter reflux and ureteropelvic junction obstruction, respectively. In patients with fetal hydronephrosis, 100%, 30% and 6% of cases of severe, moderate, and mild hydronephrosis need surgery, respectively.Conclusion: Using ultrasonography in pregnancy led to the discovery of most asymptomatic fetal hydronephrosis more than infant hydronephrosis.

Benign Gastric tumors are rare and generally account for less than 10% of all stomach tumors. Gastric lipoma is a rare tumor that constitutes approximately 3% of all benign tumors of the stomach and mainly is seen as a submucosal mass. Most gastric lipoma are asymptomatic and are found accidentally. Occasionally they can cause symptoms such as gastrointestinal bleeding, obstruction, abdominal pain and intussuception. CT scan and endoscopy are helpful in diagnosis. The main modality of treatment is surgery. Diagnosis is confirmed by histology.In this article, a patient with weakness, fatigue, and melena complaints is presented. On gastric endoscopy a yellowish submucosal mass was seen in antrum. Abdominal CT scan disclosed a mass with fat density resembling lipoma. The patient underwent surgery and diagnosis of lipoma was confirmed by histology. Although gastric lipoma is rare, it should be considered in the assessment and differential diagnosis of hemorrhagic submucosal masses in the stomach.

Haemovigilance is defined as a set of surveillance procedures from the collection of blood and its components to the follow-up of recipients, denoted to collect and assess information on unexpected or undesirable effects resulting from the therapeutic use of labile blood products, and to prevent their occurrence or recurrence.In this system the complications of blood transfusion are systematically collected and reported and data of adverse effects of blood transfusion are analyzed and a series of corrective measures are performed to prevent the recurrence of them. Another goal of haemovigilance is documentary collections of blood transfusion cases which eventually leads to conducting and promoting blood transfusion in hospitals. Haemovigilance only works if complications of blood transfusion are early detected and reported.