Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
Year:2023 | Volume:22 | Issue:8|Papers Count:9

Background and Objectives: Labor pain is the most unbearable pain and can be relieved by painless delivery. This study aimed at investigating the effect of intrathecal sufentanil on some labor parameters in primiparous women. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 126 primiparous women, who were candidates for vaginal delivery in Niknafs Hospital of Rafsanjan, were enrolled based on the table of random numbers in two intervention and control groups equally. The intervention group received 0. 1 µg/kg sufentanil in the L5-S1 space, and the control group did not receive painless delivery. Then, the length of the first stage of labor, pain score, perineal laceration, frequency of cesarean section, mother's satisfaction, Apgar of neonate, delivery with vacuum, and need for analgesic in postpartum period were investigated. To compare numeric variables, two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), and to compare the categorical variables chi-square test were used. Results: The average length of the first stage of labor in the intervention and control groups were 141. 33±58. 43 and 278. 61±140. 81 minutes, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0. 001). In the intervention group, average pain score, perineal laceration, cases leading to caesarean section, and the frequency of need for analgesic in postpartum were significantly less than the control group (p<0. 05). Conclusion: Painless delivery with saddle block and sufentanil drug reduced length of the first stage of delivery and pain score. Also it improved other delivery parameters, so it is recommended for painless delivery.

Background and Objectives: Anxiety is one of the common psychological disorders in humans. Medicinal plants are used in the treatment of anxiety. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the anxiolytic-like effect of Cynara scolymus in male mice. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 30 male mice weighing 25-30 g were divided into 5 groups of 6 including Group 1 (control), Group 2 to 4 (receiving hydroalcoholic extract of Cynara scolymus with doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg), and Group 5 (receiving diazepam with a dose of 2 mg/kg). To evaluate anxiolytic activity, Elevated Plus-Maze (EPM) test was used 30 minutes after intraperitoneal injection of the drugs. Total phenolic and flavonoid content of extract was determined by spectrophotometric method. Also, the antioxidant effect of the extract was assessed using inhibition of 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc tests. Results: Cynara scolymus (200 and 400 mg/kg) and diazepam (2 mg/kg) significantly led to anxiolytic effect compared to the control group (p>0. 05). Total phenolic and flavonoid content of the extract were 59. 49±5. 57 mgGAE/g extract and 93. 39±17. 16 mgRE/g extract, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extract was 161. 32±0. 03 µg/ml. Conclusion: The resutls of the present study suggested that Cynara scolymus has anxiolytic-like effect, and it appears that Cynara scolymus can be used to control anxiety.

Background and Objectives: Anxiety is one of the most common psychological disorders that may have various complications. One of the effective cognitive-behavioral therapies for anxiety in children is the Kendall's therapy program. The aim of the present study was to investigate Kendall's therapy program on anxiety and cognitive emotion regulation in second period elementary school students. Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest and a 3-month follow-up period. The statistical population was all male students of the second period of elementary school in Mobarakeh City, who were studying in the academic year of 2022-2023. 26 male students with a high score on Spence Children's Anxiety Scale were selected by multi-stage random sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Then, Kendall's therapy program (coping cat) was implemented on the experimental group. Both groups were evaluated with Spence Children's Anxiety Scale and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (kids version) before and after the therapeutic intervention. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: Kendall's therapy program (coping cat) reduced the average score of anxiety (Eta=0. 800, p<0. 001, F=48. 103), increased the average score of compatible cognitive emotion regulation (Eta=0. 372, p<0. 001, F=7. 097), and reduced incompatible cognitive emotion regulation (Eta=0. 907, p<0. 001, F=116. 650). Conclusion: It appears that Kendall's therapy program is effective in improving anxiety and cognitive emotion regulation in students of the second period of elementary school, and it is recommended that psychologists and counselors in schools and counseling centers use this method to treat anxiety and regulate students' emotions.

Background and Objectives: Limitations of foreign exchange resources have caused the medical tourism industry to gain special importance. Based on this, the current research was conducted with the aim of designing and validating a model of medical tourism in two qualitative and quantitative stages. Materials and Methods: This research is exploratory in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of type. The contributors in the qualitative stage were 30 doctors in Ardabil Province in 2022, who were purposively selected by chain referral sampling,and in the second stage, based on the Morgan table, 201 employees working in the University of Medical Sciences were selected. In the qualitative phase, the data collection tool was a semi-structured interview that was conducted using Delphi method, and in the quantitative stage, the redesigned questionnaire resulting from the first stage and the structural equation modeling was used. Results: Based on the findings, the following components were identified as the components effective on medical tourism: economic growth (β=0. 433), entrepreneurial ecosystem (β=0. 537), quality of laws (β=0. 437), social networks (β=0. 346), challenges (β=0. 482), diversity of attractions and leisure opportunities (β=0. 539), expert workforce (β=0. 345), development of tourism policies (β=0. 742), respect for opinions (β=0. 339), sustainable income (β=0. 407), Islamic medical services (β=0. 369), effectiveness and efficiency (β=0. 454), participation (β=0. 608), common language (β=0. 523), medical infrastructure (β=0. 427), costs (β=0. 384), natural capacities (β=0. 375), and medical services tariff (β=0. 517). Conclusion: Developing tourism policies and having roadmap have significant contributions to the development of medical tourism. Increasing public participation, creating related jobs, introducing tourist attractions, economic liberalization, and improving political relations and visa regulations are effective cross-sectorial policies.

Background and Objectives: Adolescence is associated with an increased prevalence of health risk behaviors, including substance use and aggressive behavior. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the structural equation model of the role of poor parental supervision in predicting the tendency of adolescents to risky behaviors with the mediating role of school climate. Materials and Methods: This study is of a descriptive type and its statistical population includes male students of the second secondary level of Ardabil City in the academic year of 2022. From this population, a sample of 255 people was selected by convenience sampling method, and they answered the questionnaires of High-Risk Behaviors, School Atmosphere, and Poor Parental Supervision. The obtained data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results: The results showed that there is a direct significant relationship between poor parental supervision (with a coefficient value of 0. 10) and high-risk behaviors (p<0. 001), also there is an indirect significant relationship between poor parental supervision through the mediation of school atmosphere (with a coefficient value of 0. 12) and high-risk behaviors (p<0. 001). Conclusion: In general, the results of the present study showed that poor parental supervision directly and indirectly with the mediation of school climate has a significant effect on adolescents' tendency to high-risk behaviors. From the practical point of view, as recommended by psychologists and school counselors, effective psychological interventions to prevent and reduce the high-risk behaviors of adolescents should be designed with the content of training parents to improve their supervision and training adolescents to comply with social norms at schools.

Background and Objectives: The introduction of digital technologies into medical education systems has introduced new challenges in this field. The issue of ethics in medical education is one of the essential elements in this field. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate the place of ethics in the field of electronic learning in medical education. Materials and Methods: This study is a systematic review which presents the findings obtained from a systematic review of researches on using ethical standards in e-learning in medicine. Systematic search according to the keywords of the systematic search was extracted and exploited in 4 external databases: Scopus, Springer, PubMed, and Web of Science, and 3 internal databases: SID, Magiran, and Irandoc. A systematic search was conducted in November 2022 and updated in March 2023, and reached 36 studies, and finally, 14 studies meeting the criteria for in-depth analysis were determined. Results: The analysis of the selected researches based on specific criteria showed that compliance with professional ethics had a positive effect on the field of electronic learning in the field of medicine. It has also made this field more efficient, and people trust it more. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that e-learning based on professional ethics standards in the field of medical education provides a suitable platform for effective learning and improving the performance of the learners.

Background and Objectives: Evidence supports a close relationship between emotional intelligence and quality of life. This study aimed to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and quality of life among students of the School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 182 undergraduate students of the School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, were selected, and they answered the standard 12-item Quality of Life and the Bradberry-Greaves’ Emotional Intelligence questionnaires. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data. Results: One-way ANOVA showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between self-awareness score and quality of life (p=0. 022), self-management score and quality of life (p<0. 001), relationship management score and quality of life (p=0. 003), and the overall score of emotional intelligence and quality of life (p<0. 001). Conclusion: The findings of the present study confirm the relationship between emotional intelligence and the quality of life of students. It is recommended that universities take steps to provide an appropriate platform for enhancing the quality of life of students by incorporating emotional intelligence skills into their educational programs.