Journal of Diabetes Nursing
Year:2017 | Volume:5 | Issue:2|Papers Count:7

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is one of the main causes of mortality throughout the world, which is caused by defects in insulin secretion or function. Sleep loss can be both one of the complications of and risk factors for diabetes. Moreover, sleep impairment can lead to increased risk of diabetes and mortality in these patients. Complementary medicine, such as acupressure, is the most common non pharmaceutical method of dealing with sleep loss. Regarding this, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of acupressure on sleep quality in the patients with diabetes mellitus.Materials and Method: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 40 patients referred to the Diabetes Clinic in Zabol, Iran, using a single group and pre-post test design. The study population was selected through the purposive sampling method. After filling out the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the patients received the intervention for four weeks. The sleep quality index was competed again post-intervention. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS version 22.Results: According to the results, the mean sleep quality score was 8.19±3.92 before the intervention, which was indicative of the poor quality of sleep in the participants. However, this value decreased to 2.15±4.17 at the post-intervention stage, which represented the improvement of sleep quality in the patients. The results demonstrated that the sleep quality score was significantly different in the patients between the pre- and post-intervention stages (P>0.05).Conclusion: As the findings of the present study indicated, acupressure in Shen Men point could improve the sleep quality in the diabetic patients. Considering the prevalence and complications of sleep loss in the diabetic patients, it is recommended to use acupressure as a non-pharmaceutical intervention for the management of sleep disorders in these patients.

Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic heterogeneous disease, one of the characteristics of which is hyperglycemia that can cause fatal complications. One of the criteria for diagnosis and management of diabetes is fasting blood glucose measurement. Given the few side effects, the use of traditional herbs to control blood sugar has gained popularity during the recent years. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effect of dill (Anethum graveolens) tablet on the level of fasting blood sugar in patients with type II diabetes.Materials and Method: This controlled clinical trial was carried out on 60 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The participants were selected through purposive sampling and randomly divided into intervention and control groups.Initially, fasting blood glucose was measured, and then the experimental group received dill tablet for six weeks. The obtained information was analyzed by independent and paired t-test in SPSS, version 21.Results: The mean blood glucose level was not significantly different between the intervention and control groups; moreover, the control group was not significantly different before and after the intervention in this respect. However, after the intervention, the mean blood glucose level significantly diminished in the intervention group compared to the control group (P<0.001).Conclusion: Given the significant reduction in fasting blood sugar in the intervention group, dill tablets can be recommended to diabetic patients to reduce the side effects of this disease.

Introduction: The global prevalence of diabetes exceeded the estimated value of 30 million in 1985 and rose to 177 million in 2000. It is estimated that the total number of diabetic patients will increase to 439 million in 2030. The therapeutic regimen is valuable in managing the type II diabetes patients. It seems that e-learning is essential for all the patients to guarantee the access to the instructions. Nowadays, multimedia instructions by using compact disks are deemed as a modern way of learning to convey the concepts in a broad sense.Materials and Methodgy: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 85 patients with type II diabetes referred to Shahid Qodsi health center in Mashhad, Iran. The samples were selected using convenience sampling method and they were placed in two groups, namely, the intervention and control groups who were educated by electronic and routine learning, respectively. The intervention period was considered to be two month. Data obtained by completing the questionnaire pre- and post-intervention and taking blood samples to measure the glycated hemoglobin. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 11.5, paired and independent t-tests, and repeated measures ANOVA.Results: According to the results, the intervention group revealed a significant increment in average value of regimen compliance in comparison to the control group (P<0.05). After the end of intervention period, the mean and standard deviation of glycated hemoglobin were significant in both groups.Conclusion: Regarding the results, e-learning has a great effect on adherence to the therapeutic regimen and reduction in costs and traffic. This procedure could be used with the least facilities and is affordable.Therefore, it is recommended to train the nurses and encourage them to use this method to educate the diabetic patients.

Introduction: Globally, diabetes is the main leading cause of morbidity, mortality, and increased health care costs. In cases where diabetes is concomitant with anxiety, depression, and sedentary lifestyle, this disease becomes more severe. The high prevalence of psychological and behavioral problems in diabetic patients leads to poor disease prognosis. Accordingly, we aimed to predict type II diabetes based on anxiety, depression, and lifestyle in healthy and involved family members by applying discriminant analysis. Materials and Methods: This correlational study was conducted on 90 subjects (41 diabetic and 49 healthy individuals) selected through purposive sampling method from Taban Diabetes Clinic in 2017, Tehran, Iran. The included data collection tools were Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), Beck and Epstein Anxiety Inventory (1993), Lali, Abedi, and Kajbaf Life Style Questionnaire (2012), and Beck Depression Inventory (1961). Data analysis was performed using discriminant analysis.Results: The results of the discriminant analysis revealed that depression can predict diabetes. Discriminant analysis with 65.6% true prediction could classify the participants into two groups of non-involved and diabetic members of a family.Conclusion: To enhance patient adaptation and psychological health, it seems essential to classify the involved and healthy family members based on the common psychological problems such as depression and implement strategies such as stress-management training and depression treatment.

Introduction: Deploying affordable, accessible, and unofficial supportive forces, such as peers, is of great importance for management of type II diabetes. Thus, we conducted this study to investigate the effect of peer-based interventions on type II diabetes management.Methods: In this review, an online search was carried out to identify the studies published during 2000-2015 investigating the impact of peer-based interventions on diabetes management. The databases of PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, SID, Magiran, and IRCT were searched using Mesh-based keywords of “peer”, “peer support”, “peer intervention”, “diabetes”, “chronic disease”, and “self-management” and the Persian words A total of 86 interventional full-text articles that had used peer-based interventions were retrieved. Finally, after skimming the titles and abstracts of these articles, 9 studies were included for the final review.Results: The studies were different on account of design, communication model, research duration, location (home or health centers), type of outcome, and peer intervention sessions with patients (intervals, frequency, and continuity). All the articles had a control group and some of them compared peer interventions with specialized personnel. Various peer communication models (six face-to-face and three telephone calls) were utilized. In all the studies, peers had improved outcomes (self-efficacy, clinical outcomes, quality of life, and self-management behaviors); however, in some studies no significant differences were noticed between the intervention and control groups.Conclusion: The findings showed that along with healthcare providers, peers can be effective in diabetes management. Nonetheless, the method of employing them must be further studied to achieve to the most effective model with constant practical principles.

Introduction: Type I diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that can cause complications such as depression and impaired quality of life. Group cognitive-behavioral therapy is a common method for reducing depression and promoting quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the effect of group cognitive-behavioral therapy on relieving depression and raising quality of life among patients with type I diabetes in order for nursing and caring for them.Materials and Methods: This controlled quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design was performed on 30 type 1 diabetes patients referring to Association of Diabetic Patient of Urmia, Iran, in 2014. The participants were selected through random sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups (n=15 in each group). The experimental group received 12 (90-minute) sessions of group cognitive-behavioral therapy. All the subjects completed Beck Depression Inventory and World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire at pre-test and post-test. The data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).Results: The findings showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups regarding depression and quality of life. Moreover, the results of MANCOVA reflected that group cognitive-behavioral therapy significantly relieved depression and enhanced quality of life in patients with type I diabetes (P<0.01).Conclusion: This study revealed that group cognitive-behavioral therapy was effective in treating depression and promoting quality of life among patients with type I diabetes. Thus, for nursing and caring for patients with type I diabetes, group cognitive-behavioral therapy can be applied by counselors, clinical psychologists, and therapists to reduce depression and raise quality of life.

Introduction: Type II diabetes, a non-communicable disease, is a silent epidemic and health problem with physical, psychological, and social consequences. Sexual function in diabetic patients can be affected by several factors including their personality traits. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between personality traits and sexual function in women with type II diabetes.Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was performed on diabetic women with type II diabetes in Zarand, Iran. Eighty-five patients were selected using convenience sampling and considering the possible 20% subject attrition, 102 diabetic patients were selected as the final sample.The participants completed the NEO Five-Factor and sexual function questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance (ANOVA) in SPSS, version19.Results: We found no significant relationship between the personality traits and sexual function in females with type II diabetes. None of the NEO Five-Factor personality traits, that is, emotional instability, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness, was effective in sexual function.Conclusions: Sexual function can be affected by various factors, and personality traits cannot always be influential in this regard. Thus, it is essential for midwives, mental health professionals, and nurses to identify the personality traits and other factors affecting diabetic patients such as lifestyle, healthy nutrition, exercise, and stress management.