The purpose of this study was to identify the dimensions and components of the performance gap in the social security organization. The main method of this study was survey method. Data collection by questionnaire and the analysis is done with the help of PLS software. The statistical population of the study includes all employees of different levels of social security organization that 395 of them were selected randomly as the sample. Data collected through exploratory factor analysis were analyzed and then finalized the reliance on the confirmatory factor analysis; The research findings indicate that the "performance gap" can be explained in three dimensions: leadership style، work environment، and manpower management; Based on the findings in the first dimension، the components of the "strategic approach"، "interactive and transparent work environment"، " "style of authority" and "feedback from stakeholders"، the components of second dimension are، "performance management"، "recruitment and appointment system"، "the effectiveness of job incentive tools"، "effective training"، "compensation system" and "specialized knowledge، and Finally، the components of the third dimension are، "moral and informational discipline"، "participatory culture" and "knowledge-based" were confirmed. In this way، while developing the final model of the performance gap in the Social Security Organization، and the provided model had a good fit in terms of the experts' perspective with a strong 0. 6 value.