Rural Development Strategies
Year:2015 | Volume:1 | Issue:4|Papers Count:10

Agriculture sector needs to particular attention for the formulation of economic policy due to noteworthy facilities of the country in its sector, economic activity of many populations in it and important contribution of this sector in non-oil export. In the issues agricultural development, credit is one of the solutions to fix financial problems of farmers. In this study, the effect of agricultural bank payment facility is investigated on the value added agricultural sub- sectors of agronomy and horticulture, animal husbandry and fisheries. The Cobb -Douglas function as the best choice is estimated by using panel data model and fixed effect method over the period 1991-2009, that labor force, capital stock and payment facilities variables are entered as independent variables in model. The results show that payment facilities have an impact of positive completely significant on the value added agricultural sub sectors. Based on the results, payment facilities respectively have had an impact on sub-sectors of the fisheries, agronomy and horticulture and animal husbandry to the amount of % 0.12, %0.06 and % 0.005. According to the different influence of payment facilities on the subsectors growth, it suggests that will be reviewed in its percentage and how to payment.

Poverty is major obstacle to economic development in the third world. The purpose of this study was to measure poverty quantity in the rural of Mazandaran province in the two-year periods that one of them selected after performing modification of subsidies payment. After calculating poverty lines in the study area, indicators of poverty, extreme poverty, sen was calculated for this purpose. Survey data were collected from income and expenditure of rural household statistical of Province between 2001 to 2011. The results show in 2009, almost 10% of the population was below the poverty line. In 2011 (after modification of subsidies payment) Necessary energy for the first docile do not meet. Because Food supplies needed of the rural community by self-producing, receiving cash subsidies (direct subsidy) is more profitable than commodity subsidy (indirect subsidy) for them. In this regard, according to the results specially reduction of poverty due to perform the first stage of subsidies modification program, helpful result is expected from enforcing of the second stage of subsidies modification program.

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of processing industries on reducing agricultural products’ wastes. A causal- comparative research method was used for this purpose. According to experts’ opinions, two villages (with & without processing industries) were selected. Sample size was determined as 330 ones using Krejcie and Morgan table and stratified sampling with proportional allocation. A research-made questionnaire was used to collect data which its validity was confirmed by experts’ view and its reliability measured by calculating Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The result of the research showed that agricultural products’ wastes in village with processing industries are less than it in village without processing industries. Other results showed that post-harvest wastes have reduced two percent because of processing industries. Furthermore, storing and preserving wastes have reduced 6.67 percent due to processing industries. Moreover, agricultural food processing wastes have diminished 11.67 percent. Finally, these industries cut down 23 percent of transiting and distributing agricultural wastes. According to the results of this study, the most effect of processing industries on reducing agricultural products’ wastes was in transiting and distributing stage and the least effect was in post-harvest stage.

Given the importance of agriculture sector in the economy, attention to agricultural development is essential. In Iran, agricultural developments in the provinces have not been conducted homogeneous and large disparities exist among different provinces. This study was conducted to assess agricultural development in different provinces.82 indicators were used to measure agricultural development level in the areas of agronomy, horticulture, animal husbandry, mechanization and infrastructure services. Required data was gained from Information and Communication Technology Center, Ministry of Agriculture (Jahad-ekeshavarzi) in 2011-12. Composite index and analysis technique of main components was used for obtaining the results. The results show that considerable gap between provinces in terms of agricultural development. Fars, Mazandaran and West Azerbaijan provinces have the best rank and Qom, Bushehr, Hormozgan provinces have the lowest rating in agricultural development. Geographical Information System software (GIS) was used for spatial analysis of the state of the provinces’ agricultural development and the position of each province in agricultural development is determined.

The aim of this research was to assess socio-economic impacts of Henna culture in rural regions of Mohammad-Abad Township of Ghalehganj County. Thus, a causal- comparative research method was used in this study. To select research sample, at first 20 villages were selected as the main Henna growing areas. Then, Numerical Taxonomy technique was used to select homogenous regions between them. In this study, farmers were divided into three groups i.e. Henna growers, non-Henna growers in villages with Henna growing and non-Henna growers in villages without Henna growing. Research population included 1241 farmers that about 298 ones of them were selected as research sample using Kerjecie and Morgan random sampling table and stratified random sampling technique. Also, a researcher designed questionnaire was used to collect data which its validity was verified using face validity procedure and its reliability was either verified calculating Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient (from 0.63 to 0.93). The comparison of current situation of socio economic criteria between the supposed groups showed that Henna growers have a better socio- economic status. To ensure that if this difference is the result of Henna growing, Covariance analysis was used. Final results also verified that Henna growing have had statistically significant and positive effects on socio- economic status of the respondents.

In order to identify different agricultural services, by correlation-descriptive method, the present study attempts to prioritize demands of villagers for agricultural services, determine the role of effective factors on serving villagers through discriminant analysis and compute correlation between demands of agricultural services with education services through Spearman's Coefficient in Guilan Agricultural Jihad centers. The results showed that the five demands of services which had the priority were related to applicants of agricultural machines, draft discussion for fertilizer, facilities for livestock and poultry units, quota of fuel for agricultural machines and agricultural units and demands related to rice agronomy. In addition, educational services had a positive correlation with educational needs of villagers and staff factor enjoyed more important role in compare with human resource factor, equipment and rural coordination to offer services. Regarding that priorities in service demands from the centers requires providing credits, cooperation to establish local funds to provide agricultural machines which is the first demands of villagers and agreeing with collective ownership of these agricultural instruments are proper options so that the fund could be effective to provide other inputs and credits.

The importance of organic agriculture and its vital role in sustainable development is irrefutable, Different factors affect on the decision to accept it. Farmers' Attitudes towards organic farming is One of the most important factors. Because, Activity and decisions of individuals About any phenomenon Is effective on their Attitude. This study aimed to identify factors Affecting on Attitude of vegetable growers towards Organic Farming in Bavi city in Khuzestan province. The research method was Descriptive - correlation. The statistical population of the study were vegetable growers in Bavi city (N=140). By using Morgan’s table the sample size was determined (n=103). The findings showed that, most respondents have a relatively negative attitude towards organic farming (40.4 percent). Between Farming experience and Literacy levels and attitude towards organic farming were positive and significant correlation (p=0.05). The results of the factor analysis indicate that four factor: Supportive-education, managerial, cultural and product features in total explained 54.27 percent variance factors affecting on positive attitude of Vegetable Growers towards organic farming.50.44 percent variance factors affecting on negative attitude towards organic farming Were explained By the five factor: Lack of support facilities, economic, Inputs, Weakness of knowledge and awareness and farming.

The main purpose of this study was analyzing the inhibiting factors of transferring the irrigation network management to beneficiaries. The research population consisted of all beneficiaries of the irrigation network of the civil district D2 of Miandarband Villages located in Kermanshah province, Iran (N=417). By using the Cochran's formula, 126 people were chosen through a random stratified sampling method with appropriate attribution to the study. The main instrument in this study was questionnaire which its validity was obtained by Regional Water organization expert of Kermanshah County and panel of faculty members of extension and rural development in Razi University. To measure reliability of questionnaire Cronbach's Alpha formula calculated (a=0.85). The results of the exploratory factor analysis classified the inhibiting factors of transferring the irrigation network management to beneficiaries in to nine factors that includes: individual, managerial, social, supportive, economic, cultural, educational- extension, agricultural and technical. The results of this study offers suitable achievements for the institutions involved in the work of irrigation and irrigation management transfer to beneficiaries.

The aim of the present study, Is the nature and procedure respectively of the applied research and descriptive, Provide solutions to expand employment in the village of Badr District. The main research instrument was researcher made questionnaire and to achieve this goal, researchers have used opinions 23 expert relating to rural affairs Ravansar Township. Is used to analyze the data from the Excel software and the SWOT Model. The results showed there are in the study area 23 strength of (with a final score of 1.800) and 25 opportunities (with a final score of 1.933) for employment development. While face village of Bedar District with 35 point of weakness (with a final score of 11.946) and 16 threat (with a final score of 1.993) to develop employment. In total the results showed, According to the Preponderance weaknesses and threats on the strengths and opportunities in the study area, there is Defensive strategy (WT), priority employment development strategies in village of Badr District. Therefore, is necessary for provide solutions development employment In rural areas in the study area, Weaken the Internal weaknesses (such as lack of initial capital available to villagers With The final weight 0.136, There Fixer and intermediaries With The final weight 0.105) and External threats (such as limited capital in the hands of villagers With final weight 0.272 and Rising production costs with the final weight 0.262), Which have the greatest weight. Finally, According to research findings, was developed to promote employment in the village of Badr district, Practical and effective solutions, which have been the main focus on the Limiting the identified weaknesses and threats.