Journal of Innovation Ecosystem
Year:2023 | Volume:3 | Issue:2|Papers Count:6

The Paris Climate Conference commits countries to contribute to the reduction of global warming through nationally determined contributions and calls on countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to improve environmental quality. Realizing the importance of innovation and financial sector development for environmental quality, several countries have identified ways to improve environmental quality, however, the relationship between innovation, financial development and pollution has not yet been studied. The results of generalized panel moments based on Data from 31 selected countries in the world in the period of 1990-2021 showed that innovation increases environmental pollution. Therefore, extreme and unbridled innovation beyond a certain point may be unhealthy for the environment, suggesting that there may be a potential threshold level of innovation beyond which the impact of innovation changes. For this possible threshold level, the innovation square is included in the environmental quality equation. However, the squared coefficient of innovation is meaningless. While financial development reduces pollution. The coefficient of the multiplicative interaction term is also negative, indicating that while financial development reduces environmental degradation, a higher level of innovations reduces the destructive effect of finance on carbon emissions. Real GDP per capita, urbanization and trade openness are also negatively related to CO2 emissions. On the other hand, human capital does not have a significant effect on CO2 emissions. On the other hand, human capital does not have a significant effect on CO2 emissions. In this regard, governments should take steps to reduce pollution by supporting production and consumption, saving energy by using solar energy and developing public transportation and using environmentally friendly technologies. Governments should also consider tax incentives for domestic and foreign companies to direct research and development and energy efficiency towards low-carbon production.

The present paper aims to identify the input response of firms to the risks of demand uncertainty concerning the levels of technology. In this paper we examine panel data from1995 to 2018 and analyze the behavior of the manufacturing operating in the industry sector of the country from the prospect of risk taking and risk aversion and, its impact on the two inputs of labor and capital. To do this, the industries of Iran based on two-digit ISIC codes are divided into three categories of Low-level Technology (LLT), Moderate Level Technology (MLT) and High-level Technology (HLT) with respect to the level of technology. Research results show that low-tech industries that include food industries, textiles, garments, wood products, paper production, and paper products represent a significant and positive response to the risk of demand uncertainty and are risky. As a result, the ratio of increased capital to labor is higher and the industry is also expensive. But the situation is different for the other industries with a moderate to low technology and moderate to high technology. MLT industries and HLT industries show a negative and significant reaction to the risk of uncertainty and in fact, they are risk-averse, and the uncertainty of demand is higher and the ratio of the use of capital to labor is lower.

This study examined the impact of innovation orientation on innovation performance and firm performance with the mediating role of strategic market planning capability and strategic marketing implementation capability. This is an applied, descriptive and survey research. A researcher-made questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale is used for data collection. To measure the questionnaire validity, formal and content validity and confirmatory factor analysis are used while Cornbrash’s alpha is utilized to measure the reliability. The statistical population consisted of 119 Ariadysel company employees which are evaluated in total and 115 questionnaires are returned. Questionnaire data are tested using SPSS 25 software and hypotheses are analyzed using Structural Equation Method by Amos 24 software. The findings showed that the innovation orientation has a positive impact on strategic market planning capability and strategic marketing implementation capability and innovation performance. Also, strategic market planning capability and strategic marketing implementation capability have a positive effect on innovation performance. On the other hand, strategic market planning capability have a positive indirect effect on the relationship between innovation orientation and innovation performance. However, strategic marketing Implementation capability have no significant effect on the relationship between innovation orientation and innovation performance. In addition, innovation performance has a mediating role and strong positive impact in the relationship between innovation orientation and firm performance. Based on the results, it is suggested that the different units of the company continuously interact and communicate with each other in order to develop innovation and use different techniques (problem solving methods, simultaneous engineering, cross-functional teams and QFD) to create ideas.

The corona virus as a pandemic and unknown disease has provided the field for various innovations. Social capital with communication between managers and employees has brought knowledge for innovation in providing services. The purpose of this article is to investigate the effect of social capital components on innovation capability through tacit knowledge sharing. The research is applied in terms of purpose and correlational in terms of descriptive implementation method. Its statistical population is managers and employees of beauty clinics and limited surgery centers in Mashhad city, and a sample of 125 people was selected by stratified random method. To measure the variables, a standard questionnaire with the components of social capital, tacit knowledge sharing, and innovation capability was used to measure content and form validity from the point of view of experts and content validity, and convergent validity was used to check construct validity. To measure the reliability of Cronbach's alpha, the reliability of the reagents and the composite, and for the modeling method, structural equations have been used. The results show that structural social capital has a positive and significant effect on tacit knowledge sharing, cognitive social capital has a positive and significant effect on tacit knowledge sharing, and communicative social capital has a significant effect on tacit knowledge sharing. The sharing of tacit knowledge has a positive and significant effect on innovation ability. Also, the results showed that cognitive social capital, structural social capital and relational social capital were not confirmed through tacit knowledge sharing about innovation ability.

In order to achieve sustainable and inclusive growth and development and competition in the global arena, Iran needs an economic transformation from a source-oriented economy to a knowledge-based economy. Among these, knowledge-based companies are considered as developing and creating such a transformation. Therefore, in Iran, knowledge-based companies have recently become the focus of the country's officials. But a very important point in this is the lack of equal distribution of knowledge-based companies in different regions of the country. In this paper, to investigate the inequality of spatial distribution of technology units and knowledge-based companies and technology concentration coefficient in Iranian provinces, evaluation of the level of activity of knowledge-based companies in science and technology parks as an institutional reference for the development of this ecosystem Is presented. For this purpose, inequality coefficient measurement indicators have been used. The results of this study confirm that among the 30 provinces studied, the highest number of technology and research and development units located in the multi-tenant and land sector is 226 and the highest number of knowledge-based companies (start-ups, manufacturing and industrial) is 88 and related to Sheikh Baha'i Science and Technology Park has been in Isfahan province. The highest total sales of technology units were related to the Science and Technology Park of Tehran Campus. According to the study of inequality indicators such as Gini coefficient, Tile index, Atkinson, Dalton and Herfindahl. The findings indicate a high regional inequality coefficient in the country.

This study investigates the role of government policies on innovation by considering the mediating role of risk-taking (fear of failure) in Iran, according to Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) reports. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of nature. A questionnaire technique has been used to collect data in this quantitative research. The statistical population of this study is business owners and managers in Iran. The data analysis tools used in this research are SPSS statistical software and AMOS modeling software. In this study, the source of data collection was the global report and the database of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor website. A linear regression model has been used in order to evaluate the research data. The Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) measures government policies on entrepreneurship through two subcomponents: protectionist and business-related policies; and government policies related to taxes, duties, and bureaucracy. According to the findings of this study, government policies on entrepreneurship in Iran have had a significant and positive impact on innovation, and the risk-taking (fear of failure) index has played a mediating role in the relationship between the government's policies and innovation. Therefore, in the current economic conditions in Iran, attention to the government's policies and its executive behavior should be paid more attention to develop innovative activities and strengthen entrepreneurial competencies.