JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY OF ISLAMIC WORLD
Year:2016 | Volume:4 | Issue:1|Papers Count:6

Logical networks, based on their specifications, provide different conditions for establishment or growth of counter-system groups. Regional disciplines are not the same as in consistency, security, and stability and confront with different security puzzles. Today, Islam world as a regional network faces with such groups so one of the most important subjects is the main reasons for establishment of such groups in regional disciplines including in Islam world geopolitics area which is the main topic of the study. Counter-system groups are multi-dimensional and considered as social, political, and cultural phenomena. For this, authors discuss that Islam world has focal position in global discipline so interferer power is so sensitive to control its order and creates counter-system groups towards dominating and controlling considered order and discipline, profiting incoherent structure of Islam world regional network.Meanwhile, resistive groups are created against interferer regional policies in social levels. Different forms of such groups such as mean, resistive, defensive, and offensive groups in Islam regional network play a role. Some of these groups help to fulfil control functions of interferer power.In this article, the assumption is surveyed via case study with theory priority. For this, in the first step, theoretical model is designed and then Islam regional network is studied as the case.

Shia community composes 65 to 70 percent or according to some statistics 76 percent of Bahrain population while the dominant class is Sunni. Sheikh Isa Ale Khalife Family and most of political authorities are Sunni and social importance of Shia is disregarded. The policy of Bahrain government has been trying to deprive Shia from social significance and authorities. The main aim of this paper is detailed surveying of Shia community’s position in Bahrain power structure and discriminatory behavior of the government towards them disregarding social justice. For this, descriptive- analytical survey was used based on qualitative and quantitative sociology parameters such as number of residents in different areas, education status, facilities, religious freedom, equal opportunities for economy and employment, and opportunities for social and political positions. While fulfillment of justice specially social justice is a responsibility of the government, Bahrain government must move towards comprehensive meeting of society’s need specially Shia community. Lack of effort on this and also discriminatory approach reduces legitimacy.

Political parties play their roles by doing Functions such as conveying people’s wishes and asks to the government, training the political resources for governing the country and also making political competition and campaign systematic towards fulfillment of political development. On the other hand, political, social, and cultural reasons and also political Elite performance influence the defeat in playing their roles. In this paper, the procedure of Islamic Republic Party establishment and the reasons for their Suspension is surveyed. The question here is: ”what is the reason for establishment of Islamic Republic Party in Iran and its role in partisanship?”.This paper uses historical data analysis approach and tests the hypothesis that Islamic Republic Party was established for protecting Islamic Republic of Iran and preventing isolation of The religio-political people and played critical role in establishment of new political system, constitution, competing with non-religious parties, and training the resources for governing the country. Comprehensiveness, lack of care to the party’s policies and goals, martyrdom of Ayatollah Beheshti, heterogeny of thoughts among its political elite, and also dichotomy in interaction manner with executive (government) prevented this party from its activity and remained another bitter experience in Iran policy.

Islamic awakening and its outcomes in political, economical, and cultural aspects has changed political equations in the Middle East. Significant role of Alqaeda and Daesh in recent changes specially in Syria war and Iraq political crisis, has totally changed political status of the Middle East. Obvious violence of Daesh against other groups in these countries and its political, social, and ideology position growth in the area is a subject in academic environment. Despite the existence of some similarities in structure and ideology, new movement of fundamentalism in the area has had changes and metamorphosis in many aspects. Daesh which is currently the most powerful terrorist and fundamentalist group in the world, has shown modern approach in policy making and functions. Control of big part of Iraq and Syria and also recruiting thousands of military forces from all over the world shows the relative successful performance of this group. In this paper, we compare Daesh and Alqaeda according to structural and ideological indexes.

Since 1990s, political-social gaps and conflicts have been ethnical, religious, regional, and local identity-based. Influenced by events such as globalism and communication revolution, identity and class based- actors have become more political and more aware and try to find a route to enter politics center. In this condition, recent radical social movements and Islamic awakening occurred in Arabic Middle East. In This article, the research method is casual explanatory survey with historical-political sociology approach. The main question is that “what are the main reasons for Syria domestic war from viewpoint of social gaps and related crisis?.” The hypothesis is that domestic war in Syria is rooted in reasons such as identity crisis, dissatisfactions and Politicization of religious identities (Sunnis in majority), and almost ethnical identities (Kurds), crisis of state building and legitimacy and finally emerge of ISIS group. Findings show that rooted identity and legitimacy crisis and none comprehensive state building with presence of all ethnical and religious groups and parties specially Sunnis were effective in 2011 Syria but with interference of regional and intra-regional actors, impatience of Bashar Asad government and dominance of leaders and movements of radical groups, this social movement was perverted and transformed to domestic war and turbulence.

During last two decays in many European countries, some legal and political discrimination is observed towards citizens. This dichotomy and discrimination is toward Muslim population due to 11th September and explosions in European cities. Differentiation between Muslim and non-Muslim citizens in European countries such as England has led to Islamophobia. This paper tries to find an answer to this question: Which factors have create Islamophobia in England and what are its signs? ”. Findings show that identity factors play a key role in creation of dichotomy, discrimination, and Islamophobia. Citizenship identity theory was used in this study. This theory examines and explains citizens’ right and responsibilities towards each other and government. While each citizen has duties, also has some rights which should be regarded by others and government. Is these rights are not considered, citizenship identity is damaged. In this survey, there is distinction between different types of Islamophobia. Signs of Islamophobia in England are categorized into three levels: 1-public space of society in form of verbal and physical violence 2- media level in form of negative imagery, and 3- government level in form of discrimination in citizenship rights. This is descriptive-analytical survey using documentary approach.