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Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Author(s): 

DAVARI MAHDI | Ezazi Robab

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2016
  • Volume: 

    5
  • Issue: 

    1
  • Pages: 

    1-12
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    868
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Grape, like other horticultural products due to high humidity, low relative pH and wealth of nutrients, is subjected to attack by pathogenic fungi during the harvest and storage stages. In this study, at first, the some post-harvest pathogenic fungi of grape were isolated in Meshgin-shahr and two fungal species including Botrytis cinerea and Cladosporium cladosporioides were identified as the domonant species. Aspergillus tubingensis, causal agent of fruit rot and toxigenic species on grape and raisin was selected as well. In order to evaluate their biocontrol possibility, the effects of Trichoderma harzianum T447 and T. hamatum T622 and four medicinal plant essential oils (EOs) including mentha, spearmint, fennel and yarrow were tested in vitro. Results revealed that both of anthagonistic fungi were prospering than pathogenic fungi in nutrient competition and their volatile metabolites showed the highest inhibition to C. cladosporioides.10% filtrate culture extract of T. harzianum T447 could effectively (≥85%) prevented the fungal mycelial growth. Also, our results showed that fungal species, EO type and its concentration play a critical role (P≤0.01) in fungal mycelia inhibition. Mentha and fennel EOs were known respectively as the most effective and weakest treatments. GC-MS analysis demonstrated that piperitoneoxid and Cis piperitone oxide, L-Menthone, dimethyl-4 (E), 6-octadien-2-ol and trans-Anethole were the main components of the essential oils of Mentha longifolia, M. spicata, Foeniculum vulgare and Achillea sp., respectively. Due to the significant inhibition of essential oils and biocontrol fungi, additional researches about their use for grape post-harvest diseases control are recommended.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 868

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2016
  • Volume: 

    5
  • Issue: 

    1
  • Pages: 

    13-23
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    2228
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

In this research, the ability of Bacillus strains in suppression of mycelial growth and conidial germination of B. cinerea against Botrytis fruit rot of strawberry were evaluated in three cultivars of strawberry including Quineliza, Paros and Kurdistan. Results indicated that among 32 strains of Bacillus, ten strains showed strong inhibitory effects against B. cinerea using the plate assay and they are selected for further studies. Antagonistic effects of Bacillus stains against the disease were evaluated through dual-culture, volatile and extracellular compounds using plate assays. Results indicated that all Bacillus strains could reduce the mycelial growth of pathogen, but this ability is varied in different Bacillus strains. Growth inhibition percent of pathogen in dual-culture, volatile and extracellular compounds tests were ranged 30.5-67.1, 27.5-86.2 and 41-82, respectively. In addition, inhibition of mycelial growth and conidial germination of B. cinerea by Bacillus strains were observed on strawberry fruits. Disease severity of Botrytis fruit rot of strawberry was significantly reduced (p≤0.05) by Bacillus strains as compared with untreated control. Our results shows that Bacillus strains have a good potential to control Botrytis fruit rot of strawberry. This research suggests that volatile and extracellular compounds of Bacillus spp. are promising biofumigants for controlling of Botrytis fruit rot of strawberry. Therefore, it is needed to evaluate their efficiency under field conditions.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 2228

مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesDownload 0 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesCitation 0 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesRefrence 0
Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2016
  • Volume: 

    5
  • Issue: 

    1
  • Pages: 

    25-37
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1292
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

The Botrytis cinerea is one of the most important agents of Strawberry fruit rot. In order to identify the pathogenicity potential of the isolates on fruits and the antifungal effect of Anise essence on this fungus, forty one isolates of B. cinerea was collected from different areas of Mazandaran province on strawberry showing symptoms of gray rot on fruits. Following the purification of the fungus, pathogenicity test was done on Comarosa, Parus and Gilasi varieties of strawberries. Morphological identification of isolates was done in regard to their vegetative characteristics. Molecular identification carried out using specific primer C729 and common primers ITS4 and ITS5. Inhibition rate of fungal growth was recorded by Anise oil and IprodioneCarbendazim fungicide. The results based on morphological characteristics showed that all isolates belonge to Botrytis cinerea. Identification of isolates using specific primer C729 showed that all of them had band of 700 bp. Based on disease severity on three strawberry cultivars; isolates were graded into seven groups. The ITS region of ribosomal DNA of each group was amplified using ITS4 and ITS5 primers. After sequencing and alignment, the obtained sequences were compared with the existing sequences in Gene Bank. The results showed there is high genetic diversity among the isolates, so that and they classified into five groups with 80% similarity. The result of in vitro evaluation of fungicide and Anise essence effect, showed that with increasing of Anise oil concentration, antifungal activity is also increasing against B. cinerea. IprodioneCarnbendazim fungicide could inhibit the growth of isolates on a culture medium.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

View 1292

مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesDownload 0 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesCitation 0 مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic ResourcesRefrence 0
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