Depiction of Health
Year:2019 | Volume:10 | Issue:3 |Papers Count:8

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the performance of Social Emergency Referral System (SERS) in Tabriz. Material and Methods: This was a mix-method study (quantitative and qualitative). The opinions of the experts regarding SERS were summarized by interview and semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed by content analysis method. Performance indicators and service provision were extracted based on recorded data in the health center of Shahid Chamran and the health center of East Azerbaijan province and presented in descriptive statistics. Results: According to the findings of the study, among vulnerable people, 84% were related to addiction and 16% were other problems. Of the 11 detected social harms, after drug addiction, the highest rates refer to divorce, spouse abuse and students who dropeed out of schools and was the largest share of referrals to the welfare organization. The most important strengths of the SERS were identifying vulnerable people and guding them to receive support services and activation of NGOs and the most important weaknesses were the weak cooperation of organizations. Also, for SERS progress, the potential of close cooperation of welfare organization, the Red Crescent and the Relief Committee and the lack of cooperation between provincial government and the municipality should be considered. Conclusion: According to the study findings, in order to improve the performance and expansion of the SERS in Tabriz, one of the most important issues that should be considered, is to improve the participation and cooperation of all stakeholders and related organizations in order to increase public trust in the program and improving its performance.

Background and Objectives: Irrational drug prescription and consumption lead to numerous undesirable consequences. Physicians and pharmacists have critical roles in directing the drug therapy culture to proper way and destination. In this study, causes of non-standard prescription and drug use in Iran and its improvement strategies from the viewpoint of Tabriz pharmacy students were evaluated in 2015-2016. Material and Methods: To perform this cross-sectional quantitative-qualitative study, a questionnaire was designed in six domains (role of pharmacists, physicians, patients, economy, management and supervision, pharmaceutical industry) and completed by the students. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and its reliability was determined by Cronbach’ s Alpha method (Alpha=0. 832). Results: The students declared that the most important causes of irrational drug prescription and consumption were patients’ tendency to self-medication (3. 49± 0. 63), physician based health system and inadequate collaboration between physicians with pharmacists and other medical team members (3. 41± 0. 71) and low level of knowledge of patients about the risks of drug misuse (3. 39± 0. 62). Also, among the all domains, the importance of appropriate management and supervision was greater than other items. Conclusion: Inadequate knowledge of the society about proper use of medications, tendency to self-medication, inadequate collaboration between physicians with other health system members, low supervision of related management and supervisory organizations are the main causes of irrational drug prescription and consumption in the country. Therefore, increasing public awareness level, improving educational programs and collaboration between the treatment team members, reducing the economic problems of pharmacies and improving the supervision of relevant organizations on medical group is absolutely necessary.

Background and Objectives: Good social relationship and high social intelligence are the base factors to improve health literacy and its consequences. This study was done in order to predict health literacy through social intelligence in students. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in March 2018 among 218 second grade high school male students. The HELIA questionnaire and social intelligence questionnaire of Silva were used to assess predicting health literacy through social intelligence and statistical analysis performed using SPSS v. 20. Results: The mean scores of health literacy and social intelligence were118. 34± 18. 81 and 69. 27± 8. 6, respectively. Findings of the study indicated that there is a positive, significant and medium relationship between social intelligence and health literacy (p<0. 01, r=0. 208). Also, 11. 6% of the variance in the health literacy of students was determined by the components of social awareness and social information processing (f = 8. 39, p<0. 01). Conclusion: Social awareness and social information processing are considered as predictors of health literacy of students; therefore, organizing a training course in this field may increase the health literacy of students.

Background and Objectives: During the past decade, a growing number of studies separately and in different populations have examined cell phone addiction. Present study examines the relationship of psychological well-being and mental health in explaining cell phone addiction among adolescent students. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive-correlational study. The participants of the study were 300 students (162 boys and 138 girls) from secondary schools of Ahvaz who were selected by random multi-stage cluster sampling. In order to collect information, psychological well-being scale, mental health and cell phone addiction questionnaire were used. Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis were applied to analyze the data using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that overall psychological well-being and all its dimensions negatively predict cell phone addiction. In addition, overall mental health and three subscales of anxiety and insomnia, social function, and depression were positive predictors of cell phone addiction. However, the subscale of physical symptoms was not a significant predictor of cell phone addiction. Conclusion: The above findings show that the utility of technology cannot be challenged, but to prevent addictive use of cell phones, paying more attention to adolescents in lower education courses and using mental health education are essential to promote psychological well-being and mental health and proper and effective use of cell phones among schools.

Background and Objectives: Equal access to health care services is one of the basic principles of health care delivery. There are many factors affecting the access to services. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between factors affecting the selection of health care service providers in Saveh and the load of visits. Material and Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 442 patients in Saveh district in 2018. The required data were collected using a questionnaire. Cochran formula was used to calculate the statistical sample size and a total of 442 patients referring to health care service providers in Saveh were enrolled into the study using stratified sampling method. The collected data were entered into SPSS 19 software and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Logistic regression test, independent T test, and one-way analysis of variance. Results: Based on the results, at a confidence level of 95% (p<0. 05), type of illness, cost of services, distance, quality of services, perceptual and cultural factors, type of insurance, gender of patient, and occupation of patients had a relationship with the load of visits to the health care service providers in Saveh. Conclusion: Taking into consideration the relationship between the factors affecting the selection of health care service providers and the load of visits, the authorities in the field of health are recommended to pay special attention to the related factors when planning and making decisions.

Background and Objectives: Burnout is the reaction of individuals to the persistent sources of interpersonal stress in the workplace. Burnout reduces the quantity and quality of the hospital staff’ s activities, and as a result, dissatisfaction with the provision of services will arise. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between job stress and innovative organizational climate with burnout in hospital personnel. Material and Methods: This study was descriptive and correlational. Statistical population included all hospitals’ personnel in Kermanshah hospitals and 126 subjects were selected by available sampling. The instruments used included Saatchi and Hooman Occupational Burnout Questionnaire, Innovative Organizational Climate Questionnaire, and Job Stress Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using correlation and regression by SPSS 24. Results: The results showed that there is a correlation (-0. 29) between the innovative organizational climate and burnout (P= 0. 001). Also, there is a correlation between job stress and burnout (R= 0. 22, P= 0. 01). Job stress (P= 0. 01, Beta 0. 20) and innovative organizational climate (P= 0. 001, and Beta= 0. 28) can predict burnout in hospital personnel. Predictive variables explained 0. 12 of burnout (F= 9. 1, R= 0. 12, R= 0. 35). The results also showed that the burnout rate of hospital personnel was moderate. Conclusion: Regarding the results of this study, it can be said that the innovation in hospitals can reduce the amount of burnout and occupational stress of the personnel. Too much worry has a negative effect on the mental and physical health of hospital personnel and causes discomfort and depression. Therefore, to achieve a high quality care of patient, health protection of professionals is vital.

Background and Objectives: Identifying the important influential factors of relapse in Hodgkin's Lymphoma is a great challenge in oncology studies. Cox regression model is a known method that could be used to evaluate the prognostic factors. This method identifies the main prognostic factors based on Proportional Hazard (PH) assumption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stratified Cox model and assess the prognostic factors which affected the relapse time of Hodgkin's lymphoma in patients hospitalized in Ahvaz Shafa Hospital. Material and Methods: The current study included all the cases of patients who had referred to the research center of oncology and hematology of Shafa hospital in Ahvaz Jundishapure University of medical sciences during 2002-2012. Survival time was considered from date of diagnosis to relapse (in months) after chemotherapy. Choosing the best model was based on Likelihood Ratio Test. Data analysis was performed using STATA13. Results: The results of the stratified Cox regression model showed that the risk of relapse is 2 times higher for patients with hemoglobin lower than 10. 5 (P=0. 012). Furthermore, the patients that NLPHL was used as a biopsy method were 96 percent more likely to experience the relapse compared to CHL biopsy method (P = 0. 155). Conclusion: Using the stratified Cox regression model the hemoglobin less than 10. 5 was identified as a main and significant prognostic factor.

The purpose of this study was to review the characteristics of collaboration and co-authorship networks of Iranian researchers in the field of library and information science (LIS). This was a systematic review. The research population consisted of articles that have studied the scientific collaboration networks of LIS with social network analysis (SNA) method. Articles were retrieved from the science edition and social science edition databases of ISI Web of Science (maintained by Clarivate Analytics), Scopus (provided by Elsevier), Irandoc (Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology), Magiran, and the SID (Scientific Information Database), Civilica Scientific Database, and ISC (Islamic World Science Citation Database). The inclusion criteria were to study the Iranian co-authorship networks with micro and macro indicators. The time and language constraints were not applied to the data selection. Studies from the SNA for words co-occurrence in LIS vocabulary were excluded. PRISMA was used for the data selection process and JBI's Critical Appraisal Tool was used to assess the data quality. The findings of the study showed that density of co-authorship network in LIS articles is low and the universities of Iran, Tehran and Shiraz are more centralized and closer than other universities in the network. This study suggests Iranian researchers in the field of library and information science increase their scientific collaboration in their scientific production at national and international levels.