JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
Year:2017 | Volume:2 | Issue:2 (7) |Papers Count:7

Introduction: Thus, this study was aimed to investigate the first stimulus simplification and significant interference on the second reaction time. Dual stimulus task is an appropriate way to investigate humans’ limited capacity of information processing.Methods: The participants included 17 male students of Shahid Chamran University whose age average was 23.45±1.54. All of them performed a dual task test within four intervals of 50, 100, 300, 900 ms between asynchronous onset of two stimuli under congruent and incongruent and neutral conditions.Findings: The results of ANOVA with repeated measure at the significance level of P˃0.05 indicated that simplification of the first congruent stimulus, compared to incongruent and neutral stimuli; reduces the reaction time for second congruent and neutral stimuli. The required change of attention processes in dual task with second incongruent stimulus causes on significant effect of first congruent and neutral stimulus precedence over second incongruent stimulus.Conclusion: The findings suggest that simultaneous performance of dual tasks with high information processing capacity or divided attention among non-automatized tasks should be avoided.Moreover, for intial of simplification processes and significant interference at leat 100 ms be required.

Introduction: Emotional eavesdropping is information that observer receives by listening and watching emotional reactions directed by third party (as coach) to another (model). It seems mirror neurons system is one mechanism responsible for this but ways in which emotional eavesdropping discharges this neurons are not clear. So the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of emotional eavesdropping of model on mirror neurons activity (mu rhythm suppression).Methods: For this reason, 22 right hand novice athletes (average age 20.69±1.10) participate voluntary in this research. These participants observed three instructional video of free throw in basketball that also display emotional reactions (positive, neutral, negative) of coach and model about model performance.Four Brain waves records were done by electroencephalographic assessments: one base record with open eyes as index of mirror neurons activity in rest and three records during positive, neutral and negative emotional eavesdropping in three regions C3, C4 and Cz.Findings: 3´3 within subjects ANOVA findings demonstrated that mu rhythm suppressed during three emotional eavesdropping in three central regions. Post hoc results showed more significant mu rhythm suppression during negative emotional eavesdropping in C4 than other conditions.Conclusion: thus, these findings confirm valance hypothesis about negative emotion and right hemisphere hypothesis and it seems emotional eavesdropping modulate mirror neurons activity.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate efficacy of computer-assisted cognitive remediation on improvement of the executive functions and reading performance of students with dyslexia.Methods: The research methodology is an experimental study with pretest-posttest design with experimental and control groups. Statistical population consisted of all primary school dyslexic students in Rasht in 2014-2015 academic years that among them a sample of 30 students were selected by random sampling and were assigned in both control and experimental groups. To collecting data intelligence test (Wechsler, 2003), the formal reading and dyslexia test (Kormi Noury and Moradi, 2008), and Wisconsin card sorting test software (Shahgholian et al., 2011) were used. In this study, computer-aided cognitive remediation program was trained to the experimental group, during the first 11 sessions, while the control group did not receive training in these areas.Findings: Data analysis using MANCOVA showed there are significant difference in the executive functions and reading performanc in experimental and control group. The results showed computer-assisted cognitive remediation is caused improvement of the executive functions and reading performance and their component's (p<0.001).Conclusion: According to the results computer-assisted cognitive remediation with features such as color, sound, motion, instant feedback, extended range of attention, increasing the power of self-regulation, and motivating dyslexic students has been able to improve executive functioning and reading performance in students with dyslexia.

Introduction: bimanual coordination tasks routine and dominant. So, the aim of this study was investigating the effect of handedness and bimanual coordination task difficulty on the brainwave of cortical areas.Methods: The present study is of semi-experimental type.20 women (10 left and 10 right-handed) with a mean age of 42.8 years That were selected by Purposive sampling. Each of the participants did a five-difficulty level of bimanual coordination tasks.Findings: according to the results of analysis of variance and independent t-test in c3 between right and left-hand group there was a significant difference in gamma wave. And in level 5& 4 of bimanual coordination task difficulty between two groups in delta waves there was a significant difference too.Conclusion: There was a high activity in the motor cortex, supplementary motor area (C3 & C4) during bimanual coordination task. This activity of wave increasing with enhancement tasks difficulty. This finding shown the important role of Supplementary motor area in bimanual coordination.

Introduction: Due to the important role of the brain and frontal area, especially the prefrontal cortex, in decision-making and also proposing defects in the functioning of frontal area in alexithymia, the aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between decision making styles and alexithymia.Method: In the present descriptive correlational study, 257 university students (114 males and 143 females) were selected among Payam Noor Universities of Bonab and Tabriz by multistage random sampling and both Making Styles Questionnaire of Scott and Bruce (1995) and Twenty-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale were administered among the subjects. The obtained data were analyzed by Pearson correlation test and multiple linear regression analysis.Results: The results approved the predictive role of alexithymia in explaining the decision making styles of rational, avoidance, and intuitive. As predicted, increasing alexithymia leads to increasing rational decision making style, and decreasing avoidance and intuitive decision making styles. However, among three factors of alexithymia, concrete thinking was recognized as the only effective factor in rational decision making style, and difficulty in identifying emotions as the only effective factor on avoidance and intuitive decision making styles.Conclusion: It seems that there should be common points in the biological basis of decision making and alexithymia. This defect is most likely to occur in the prefrontal cortex function which is activated in ethical decision making, and defects in exchanging information from its right side to the left side.

Introduction: the main purpose of the study was to reveal perceptual-cognitive biases related to supernatural beliefs in the cerebral hemispheres. Paranormal beliefs are strongly related to perceptual biases for detecting illusory patterns for instance. Perceptual processing and Cognitive biases are strongly influenced by prior expectations and learning experiences.Methods: A convenient sample of 32 university students (10 females) were recruited for the experiment. Three measures were used, a computerized face /house recognition task, a brain lateralization scale (Wells and Wagner, 1985), and paranormal belief questionnaire (Blackmore and Moore, 1994). Repeated measures ANOVA method was used.Findings: The result showed a significant difference between groups with left and both left/right brained in Perceptual-Cognitive biases.Conclusion: this study revealed a relationship between paranormal belief with right brained lateralization scores. These findings are in agreement with those of previous studies, which indicates that paranormal beliefs influence the perceptual processing and Cognitive biases.

Introduction: The aim of this study was the effectiveness of biofeedback and Neuro biofeedback training on reduction of headache migraine.Methodology: This study was quassi experimental one with pre-test and post- test.The sample included 10 patient who were randomly selected. first the subject had pre-test by QEEG and then, They were Randomly place in two groups. They participated in 20 session Neurofeedback and bio feedback training protocols. To evaluate Brain, were used. Data were analyzed by covariance analysis (ANCOVA). Findings: Results indicated that The result Showed that Neurobiofeedback training group in the compariation to the single biofeedback training (p<0.05) more over reduction Duration and intension of the headache in migraine pain Conclusion: according to the result it could be claimed that Neurobiofeedback training can be considered as, new noun invading treatment of migraine pain.