Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Year:2023 | Volume:66 | Issue:4|Papers Count:27

Introduction The precise mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of hypertension is not yet fully understood. However, higher production of organic acids and unmeasured anions has been suggested to increase the anionic gap and lead to the progression of hypertension. Limited investigations have been performed to clarify the association of hypertension with the anionic gap. In this study, we determined the relationship between the anionic gap and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Material and Method In this cross sectional study, blood pressure of 88 hypertensive patients was measured by the standard method and the anionic gap was then calculated by measuring the serum sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate levels. Results The mean age of patients was 62. 68 ± 13. 14 years old, and 53 patients (61. 1%) were female. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP) were 141. 87 and 83. 54 mmHg, respectively. The mean anionic gap (AG) was 9. 18. There was a direct and significant association between anionic gaps and SBP (P= 0. 0001, r= 0. 62), DBP (P= 0. 01, r= 0. 26) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) (P= 0. 001, r= 0. 49). The multivariate regression analysis showed that sodium levels and AG significantly predicted SBP, DBP and MAP. Conclusion Our findings indicates that increasing the production of endogenous organic acids and unmeasured anions might lead to increased AG, and consequently, increase in the rate of hypertension.

Introduction Since Staphylococcus aureus is the main pathogen of Staphylococcus and causes various hospital-acquired infections including urinary tract infections, it is of value to examine resistance patterns of this organism, methicillin-resistance in particular. This study was aimed to examine the antibiotic resistance patterns of Staphylococcus aureus strains separated from urine samples of apparently healthy dogs in Isfahan. Material and Method 200 urine samples (20 ml) were taken from apparently healthy dogs in different clinics and kennels of Isfahan, collected in sterile urine containers and examined through microbial and molecular cultures. After the isolates were molecularly approved, the simple disk diffusion test and PCR were used to determine antibiotic resistance patterns, and cassette chromosomes of mecA genes, respectively. Results Among the samples, 23 (11. 5%) were infected with Staphylococcus aureus and exhibited 16srRNA genes in PCR. Their antibiotic resistance patterns were detected by CLSI based antibiogram. All the examined isolates showed multiple antibiotic resistance, among which penicillin (95. 65%) and tetracyclin (91. 30%) were the highest,whereas, the lowest resistance related to nitrofurantoin (34. 78%). 73. 91% of the isolates included mecA genes, with Sccmec III being the most frequent cassette chromosome, in methicillin-resistant isolates (47. 05%). Conclusion The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus strains, resistant to a broad spectrum of first-choice and second-choice antibiotics, indicates the spread of these strains in dog population. Therefore, the treatment of choice should be selected based on antibiogram results.

Introduction Endoplasmic reticulum plays an essential role in many cellular pathways. Exercise and fasting can lead to liver health by activating mechanisms such as reticulophagy. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to investigate the effect of fasting and aerobic exercise on atherogenic indicators, body mass and ATF6 gene expression in the endoplasmic reticulum of healthy liver of Wistar rats. Material and Method In this experimental research, 30 Wistar rats (18 weeks old) with a weight range of 330. 40 ± 25. 34 grams were selected and divided into six groups: 1) control 2) starvation 3) 3 days of training 4) 5 days of training 5) 3 Day of training + starvation 6) 5 days of training + starvation were divided. The rats in the training group trained on the treadmill for one month, 3 and 5 sessions a week for one hour. Starvation was for 14 hours when the rats were awake, which was done continuously for one month. Data analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc LSD statistical tests in SPSS version 23 software. A significance level of P≥0. 05 was considered. Results Data analysis showed a significant decrease in BMI, LDL/HDL, CHOL/HDL, TAG/HDL and a significant increase in ATF6 gene expression (P≥0. 05). Conclusion Aerobic training with starvation led to liver health by reducing atherogenic indicators. Also, increasing the expression of ATF6 gene in the liver through exercise and starvation can lead to the regulation of reticulophagia and liver health.

This research aimed to compare the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy with direct current stimulation, non-enriched psychotherapy with transcranial direct current stimulation, and psychotherapy alone (metacognitive therapy) on the brain wave patterns of people with major depression. The method of this research was semi-experimental, with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population of the research was male and female outpatients with an age range of 20 to 60 years with a primary diagnosis of major depression suffering from a single or repeated course (4 weeks), aligned to the DSM-5 criteria, which were selected by purposeful sampling and were randomly divided into four experimental groups and a control group. A Beck depression questionnaire was used to collect data, and an electroencephalography recording device was used to record the activity of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). The intervention was carried out in groups in 10 training sessions, each lasting 90 minutes, for the subjects of the experimental group, and the subjects of the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analysed using multivariate analysis of covariance and ANOVA for repeated measures. The results showed that the interventions had a significant effect on improving the brain wave pattern of depressed people (P<0. 05). The effect of psychotherapy training enriched with transcranial direct current stimulation is greater, and this effect has been stable during the course. As a result, psychotherapy training enriched with transcranial direct current stimulation can be an effective and stable tool to reduce depression and improve brain frequencies in depressed patients.

Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a course dynamic neuromuscular stabilization (DNS) training program on balance and ankle proprioception in female patients with MS. Material and Method For this study, 24 people were selected who were divided into control (Number: 12 people, Age: 45. 50 ± 3. 06 years, Height: 1. 66 ± 0. 02 m, Weight: 58. 08 ± 3. 05 kg, BMI: 20. 99 ± 1. 04 Kg/m2, EDSS: 2. 05 ± 0. 75) and training (Number: 12 people, Age: 43. 91 ± 2. 84 years, Height: 1. 65 ± 0. 03 m, Weight: 56. 91 ± 4. 73 kg, BMI: 20. 75 ± 1. 17 Kg/m2, EDSS: 1. 91 ± 0. 51) groups. In this study, static balance was evaluated by Sharpen Romberg test and dynamic balance was evaluated by Timed Up and Go test. Also, ankle proprioception was evaluated in two positions dorsiflexion and plantar-flexion with a goniometer. At the end of the evaluations, the training group performed the exercises for 6 weeks (3 sessions per week). The control group also engaged in their daily activities during this period. Assessments were performed again after the exercises. In this study, Shapiro–Wilk test was used to check the normality of the data. Analysis of covariance and paired t-test, Yu Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon were also used to analyze the effect of exercise on variables and differences between groups. SPSS24 software was also used to analyze the data in this study. Results The results of this study showed that the dynamic neuromuscular stabilization exercise program had a significant effect on improving static balance with open eyes (P=0. 001) and (P=0. 001), dynamic balance (P=0. 001) and proprioception the foot is in dorsiflexion (P=0. 01) and plantar flexion position (P=0. 001). Also, the results of comparison between the two groups showed a significant difference between the two groups (P≤0. 05). Conclusion Based on the results of using this exercise program, it is recommended to the therapists involved with these patients.

Introduction: Marital satisfaction is one of the concepts that creates sexual health in a person and one of the most important influencing factors in the family is having marital satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to investigate marital satisfaction in pregnant women during the outbreak of Covid-19 in Jahrom city. Method: The present study is a descriptive and analytical type that was conducted in 1400 with the participation of 287 women referring to women's clinic in Jahrom city using easy and accessible sampling. The data collection tool was personal and social characteristics and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire. Result: The results showed that the average marital satisfaction of women participating in the study was 175. 59±25. 38. The level of marital satisfaction of the majority of women was high (56. 6%). With increasing age, women's marital satisfaction decreases, But with the improvement of the economic situation, women's marital satisfaction has increased. Also, the results of the t-test showed that there is no relationship between women's marital satisfaction and its components with covid-19. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the marital satisfaction of the majority of pregnant women was reported at a high level during the Corona period. Marital satisfaction of women has been influenced by various factors such as age and economic status. By knowing more about the effective components in improving marital satisfaction, effective steps can be taken to improve it.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive intervention based on mindfulness and cognitive behavioral therapy on reducing the negative symptoms of substance-induced psychosis patients. Research method: The method of this research was semi-experimental and a pre-test-post-test design was used along with a control group of three groups. In order to be more sure for the current research, 15 people are selected in each group. From the mentioned statistical population, in order to select the participants, volunteers who have the criteria to enter the research were selected and after the pre-test stage in a common meeting, they were randomly divided into three groups of 15 people for experiment 1 (mindfulness therapy), experiment 2 (cognitive-behavioral therapy) and the control group were replaced. The tool for collecting information was the scale of positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia by Kay, Fisbein and Oppler (1986) and the protocol of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness was the protocol of cognitive behavioral therapy. Findings: It shows that these variables have a significant effect on the average score of negative symptoms. That is, the average score of negative symptoms in the control group and the first and second experiments in the post-test phase after removing the previous effects has a significant difference. Conclusion: The results showed that both methods are effective in reducing the negative symptoms of drug-induced psychosis patients, so these methods can be used to reduce negative symptoms.

Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between psychological capital and the turnover Intention, considering the mediating role of preventive and promotive psychological ownership and the moderating role of work experience in the nurses of Tamin Ejtemaei Hospital in Bojnord. Methodology: The research's statistical population is 110 nurses working in TAMIN EJTEMAIE Hospital in Bojnord in 1401, and using Morgan's formula, a sample of 86 people was selected from among them by simple random method. To measure the variables of the research, Luthans et al. 's psychological capital questionnaires (2007), Oi et al. 's (2009) psychological ownership, and Kim and Long's (2007) Turnover Intention were used. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha method and its validity was confirmed using convergent validity. Data analysis was done using the structural equation modeling method and SPSS 24 and SMAR-PLS 4 software. Findings: The results showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between psychological capital and turnover Intention (p<0. 05), on the other hand, there is a positive and significant relationship between psychological capital and promotive psychological ownership (p<0. 05) and There is a negative and significant relationship between psychological capital and preventive psychological ownership (p<0. 05). d. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the attention of managers towards making decisions to increase the psychological capital of nurses by emphasizing on promotive and preventive psychological ownership can provide the basis for reducing the Turnover Intention of nurses.

Introduction: This research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of teaching parenting techniques and life skills on the quality of life of mothers with children with ADHD. Methodology: For this purpose, 45 children from 6 to 12 years of age who were diagnosed with ADHD using the Connors scale (parent form) were referred to psychological clinics in Tehran and were selected by available sampling and divided into three groups of 15. They were divided. First, the quality of life questionnaire was implemented on three groups. Then the mothers of one group were trained in parenting techniques, the mothers of another group were trained in life skills, and the mothers of the last group were trained in combined training (parenting techniques and life skills). Finally, this questionnaire was re-administered for all three groups and the results were analyzed. Results: The results of covariance analysis showed that the quality of life of the three groups had a significant difference, that is, the quality of life of the people who were trained in life skills was significantly higher than those who were trained in parenting techniques or combined. Conclusion: In order to improve the quality of life of mothers with children with ADHD, it is suggested to use life skills training.

Background and purpose: Mortality caused by the epidemic of the Covid-19 virus disease and facing one of the certain facts of existence, i. e. death, increased the prevalence of existential depression. The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of existential psychotherapy on existential loneliness and attitude towards death in clients with existential depression. Research method: The current research was in the applied research group in terms of its purpose and in terms of methodology, it was a semi-experimental type of pre-test-post-test-3-month follow-up with a control group. The statistical population included all women and men with existential depression who had referred to counseling centers and psychological services in Isfahan city in the first 6 months of 2022. 24 references (13 women and 11 men) were selected by purposeful sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental (12 people) and control (12 people) groups. May and Yalom's (1989) existential psychotherapy protocol was performed only for the experimental group during 10 weekly sessions of 120 minutes, and the control group was placed on the waiting list and received free psychological counseling sessions after the end of the research. Subjects were evaluated in 3 stages (pre-test, post-test and 3-month follow-up) with the existential loneliness questionnaire by Myers, Kho and Swatberg (2002) and the revised version of the death attitude profile questionnaire by Wong, Picker and Geisser (1994). Data analysis was done with repeated measures analysis of variance using SPSS-28 software.

Introduction The emergence of COVID-19 as a global epidemic has disrupted the daily lives of children, adolescents and families around the world, and its effects are immediate and possibly long-lasting. The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic survey to investigate violence and its effects on children's mental and physical health during the corona pandemic. Material and Method A literature search was conducted based on systematic review guidelines and PRISMA guidelines. The present study includes all the studies that were published in English in national and international journals on violence against children and adolescents during the COVID-19 epidemic from December 2019 to 03/24/2021. Articles were extracted from five scientific databases: PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. The title and summary of the article were reviewed according to the eligibility criteria. Results A total of 1, 348 articles were initially retrieved from selected databases after consultation. After reviewing the titles and abstracts of articles, 56 articles were initially submitted according to predetermined eligibility criteria. After a more detailed analysis, only 12 scientific articles remain in our selection. Conclusion The results of the study show that the impact of the widespread coronavirus disease on the mental health of children and adolescents is inevitable. There may be a relationship between economic factors, school closure, and violence among children and adolescents. Therefore, government planning and policies should focus on cohesive educational programs, monitoring the mental health status of children and adolescents, planning to improve mental health outcomes, ensuring fair access to distance learning materials, and implementing centralized economic programs.

Introduction: In this research, the design of a model for developing market-oriented strategic planning in small and medium enterprises (SME) was discussed with the case study of Tuan Andishan Aymansaz Fakher Company. The research methodology was based on mixed research (qualitative and quantitative). In the qualitative part of the research, the most important components of the paradigmatic model of market-oriented strategic planning were identified. To do this through targeted sampling, 15 university professors, experts, specialists in the field of marketing and strategic marketing planning of small and medium enterprises were selected and in-depth interviews were conducted with them. Finally, the data from the interviews were analyzed using Grounded Theory. Then, the research questionnaire was designed based on the results of the qualitative section and distributed among the research samples in the quantitative section. In order to analyze the questionnaire data, the method of structural equations with partial least squares approach was used. According to the results of the above table, R&D processes with a path coefficient of 0. 50, excellent values of the owner/manager with a path coefficient of 0. 23, human/strategic capital with a path coefficient of 0. 27 and strategic capabilities with a path coefficient 0. 07 have an impact on the formulation of corporate strategies. R&D processes have had the greatest impact on the formulation of corporate strategies. market-oriented strategic planning in SMEs can lead to the improvement of SMEs' performance through market-oriented activities and the use of dynamic market-oriented capabilities, as a result, increasing strategic effectiveness and, as a result, increasing organizational resilience.

Introduction: This research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of schema therapy and emotion focused therapy on alexithymia of people suffering from marital conflict. Methods: The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with two experimental groups and one control group. From the statistical population of women referring to the clinics of the 1st district of Tehran, 45 people were selected using the available method and replaced in three groups using a random method. The research tool was emotional ataxia (Begby et al., 1994). First, the pre-test of alexithymia was performed for all three groups, then schema therapy and emotion-focused therapy were performed for the experimental groups, but no intervention was applied for the control group,Finally, the post-test and the follow-up test were performed for all three groups. Results: The results of the repeated measurement test showed that both schema therapy and emotion-oriented groups are effective in reducing alexithymia (p>0. 01). Bon Feroni's post hoc test showed that emotional therapy is more effective than schema therapy (p>0. 01). Conclusion: it is suggested to use emotion-focused therapy to improve the alexithymia of people with marital conflict.

Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of neurofeedback (NF) and transcranial direct electrical stimulation (tDCS) on reducing the level of depression, anxiety and stress of patients referred to comprehensive health service centers in Zahedan. Method: The research design was pre-test-post-test with test groups (transcranial direct electrical stimulation (tDCS) and neurofeedback (NF)) and control group. The statistical population consisted of all patients with three disorders of depression, anxiety, and stress who referred to mental health experts in comprehensive health service centers in Zahedan city, from which a sample of 45 people was selected by simple random sampling method, so 30 people in the groups In the experiment, the first intervention group received 10 sessions of transcranial direct electrical stimulation (tDCS), the second group received 12 sessions of neurofeedback (NF), while 15 people in the control group were not given any training. After completing the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) questionnaire, data was collected and then analyzed using SPSS version 23 software. Findings: The results of the multivariate covariance analysis showed that the average scores of depression, anxiety and stress between the pre-and post-test scores of the treatment groups were significantly reduced. The results of Tukey's post hoc test showed that transcranial direct electrical stimulation (TDCS) is lower than neurofeedback (NF) in reducing depression, anxiety and stress

Introduction: Researchers have investigated different treatment approaches in order to reduce the psychological effects of breast cancer. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of the cognitive approach based on mindfulness and Emotion Focused Therapy on distress tolerance and post-traumatic growth of breast cancer survivors. Method: In a research of the type of experimental studies with a semi-experimental design, 45 women who recovered from breast cancer in Tehran were present, and they were assigned to three groups. Emotion Focused therapy was implemented during 10 sessions and cognitive therapy based on mindfulness during 8 sessions on women with cancer, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The data were collected through the post-traumatic growth questionnaire (Tadeschi and Calhoun, 1996) and the disturbance tolerance scale (Simmons and Ghahir, 2005) and were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance and spss22 software. Results: The findings showed that there is a significant difference between the average of the experimental and control groups in the variable of distress tolerance and post-traumatic growth (P<0. 05), so that both treatments have an effect on distress tolerance and post-traumatic growth. The accident has a significant effect (P<0. 05), but none of the treatments is superior to the other treatment (P<0. 05). Conclusion: According to the findings of the research, it can be concluded that both the cognitive approach based on the conscious mindfulness and emotion focused therapy can be effective in improving the psychological condition of women with cancer.

Introduction Substance abuse is one of the most common and costly health problems in the world today. The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy and schema therapy in reducing depressive symptoms in people with drug abuse. Material and Method The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test and follow-up plan with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all the people who were suffering from substance abuse and went to government addiction treatment centers in the 5th district of Tehran for the treatment of their addiction within three months (December 2021 to March 2021). 45 subjects were selected and randomly replaced in three equal groups of 15 people. 12 sessions of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy (Frey, 2005) and 15 sessions of schema therapy (Yang, 2003) were performed. Beck's depression questionnaire (1987) was used to collect information. Results The results of the research showed that the cognitive-behavioral therapy compared to the control group has created a significant difference in the post-test and follow-up stage in the depression variable (p ≥ 0. 01), but the schema therapy intervention in the post-test and follow-up stage in The general variable of depression did not make a significant difference compared to the control group (p≥0. 01). Conclusion Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that cognitive-behavioral therapy was more effective than schema therapy. Therefore, cognitive-behavioral therapy can be a treatment of choice to reduce depression in people with drug abuse.

Introduction: : The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of family-focused therapy on family functioning and social adjustment of patients with schizophrenia. Methods: The current study is a semi-experimental type and a pre-test-post-test research design with a control and follow-up group. The statistical population included all patients diagnosed with schizophrenia who referred to Imam Hossein Hospital and their main caregivers. Through available sampling method, 30 people were selected and replaced in two experimental and control groups. that two people from the control group refused to continue the research process during the research process. The samples completed before and after and three months after the protocol family functioning questionnaires (I-FAD) and Bell's social adjustment. Statistical data were analyzed using SPSS software version 25 and statistical tests of analysis of variance with repeated measurements and dependent t. Results: The results showed that there is a significant difference in the family functioning variable between pre-test and post-test and pre-test and follow-up (p<0. 001), but there was no significant difference between the post-test and follow-up (p=0. 293). Also, there is a significant difference in social adjustment variable between pre-test and post-test and pre-test and follow-up (p<0. 001), but there was no significant difference between the post-test and follow-up (p=0. 219). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be said that family-centered therapy is effective on family function and social adjustment of schizophrenic patients.

Introduction: Corona crisis has attracted the attention of all educational environments such as universities, schools and organizations for e-learning, but the quality of e-learning and its results, such as learning and academic motivation must also be considered. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of problem-based e-learning on the learning and motivation of medical students in coronary conditions. Method: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with experimental and control groups. From the statistical population of medical students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, 32 students were selected using available sampling method and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group was exposed to problem-oriented e-learning for two months and the e-learning group was directly exposed to the control group. A researcher-made learning questionnaire and academic motivation (Vallerend et al., 1989) were used. Research findings were analyzed using covariance. Results: The results showed that the average learning and academic motivation of the experimental group increased from 6. 81 and 69. 56 in the pre-test stage to 17. 50 and 92. 31 in the post-test stage, respectively. The results of analysis of covariance showed that after removing the effect of pretest, the mean scores of posttest of the two groups were statistically significant (p≥0. 005). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the use of e-learning's problem-Based approach in coronary conditions can be effective in increasing the learning and academic motivation of medical students.

Introduction: Attention Deficit/ Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD), as a neurodevelopmental disorder, accompanied not only with some special behavioral symptoms, The present study was conducted in order to test the effectiveness of the RayanehYar family-oriented program on the information processing speed of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Methodology: This research was a semi-experimental research with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. Audio-visual performance test was used to measure the variables. The statistical population of the research included all 6-9-year-old children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder who referred to Hasti and Parsa medical clinics in 1401-1402. The statistical sample of this research was made up of 30 of these children who were selected by available sampling and were assigned to two experimental and control groups and were subjected to intervention. The results were analyzed using covariance method. Results: The findings showed that RayanehYar’s comprehensive family-oriented program was effective on information processing speed in two components of visual and auditory performance (P≥0. 05). Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of the comprehensive family-centered program of RayanehYar on improving the speed of information processing, it can be said that this program is valid and can be used to increase the cognitive abilities and executive functions of these children.

Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of studying the effect of self-compassion training on negative and positive emotions, psychological resilience and quality of life of drug addicts. Methods: The method of the current research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group in terms of its practical purpose and in terms of the nature of the data. The statistical population of the research included all drug-addicted men who referred to the addiction treatment clinics of Damghan city (Clinics of Nejat Center, Fajr, Atiyeh, Sarai Omid, Hamiyaran Pak, Menji, Shefa, 15 Aban, Naday Zendeh, Kimia) in 1402. Among these people, 30 people were selected by available sampling method and according to the entry and exit criteria. And they were randomly placed in the experimental group and the control group (15 people in each group). The participants in the pre-test and post-test stages were tested on the positive and negative affect scale of Watson, Clark & Tellegen (1988),World Health Organization quality of life short form,psychological resilience scale of Connor and Davidson (2003) completed. During the intervention process, the experimental group received Gilbert's (2010) compassion-based training program in 8 90-minute sessions, and the control group received regular daily training. Data analysis was done by using SPSS-24 software and multivariate covariance analysis test in compliance with statistical assumptions. Results: The results showed that training based on self-compassion on positive and negative emotions,Quality of Life,Psychological resilience is significantly effective (P ≤ 0. 001). Conclusion: According to the results of the present research, it is possible to improve positive and negative emotions,Quality of life of psychological resilience of substance abusers helped through self-compassion-based training.

Introduction: Cancer patients experience a lot of physical, mental, economic and family pressures, which in most cases cause them to lose resilience and feel despair, and as a result, their mental and physical health deteriorates. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of positive group psychotherapy and group psychodramatic therapy on the resilience of women with breast cancer. Methodology: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test and follow-up plan with a control group. The research population included all women in the age group of 25 to 45 years old and suffering from breast cancer referring to a clinic in Gandhi Street, Tehran, and 45 of them were selected as a sample by purposive sampling method. These people were replaced in three groups: psychodemonstrating, positive psychotherapy and control group (15 people in each group). The participants answered the resilience scale (Connor and Davidson, 2003) during three stages of assessment in the form of pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Results: The results of the multivariate repeated measurement analysis of variance test showed that the resilience scores of the positive therapy group and the psychodemonstrating group increased significantly from the pre-test to the post-test and returned with a gentle slope in the follow-up phase. Conclusion: According to the findings of the research, group positive psychotherapy and psychodrama therapy are both useful treatments for increasing resilience in women with breast cancer, but positive therapy is a more effective treatment in this population.

Introduction: This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on students' academic enthusiasm. Methods: It was a semi-experimental research with a pre-test, post-test design with two experimental and control groups. All students studying in the second secondary level (10th grade of humanities) in the academic year of 1401-402 in the city of Zabul formed the statistical population of this study, which was selected by the available sampling method, 40 students were selected and divided into two groups. 20 test subjects and 20 control subjects were assigned. Data collection was done with Fredriksen et al. 's (2004) academic enthusiasm questionnaire. The experimental group received the cognitive therapy program based on mindfulness during 8 2-hour sessions (1 day per week), but no intervention was done for the subjects of the control group. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and covariance analysis (univariate and multivariate) with SPSS-v26 statistical software. Conclusion: The findings showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of academic enthusiasm, and after the implementation of the cognitive therapy program based on mindfulness, academic enthusiasm has improved. According to the research findings, it seems that cognitive therapy based on mindfulness can be beneficial in improving students' academic enthusiasm.

Introduction: Nowadays, there are factors that cause nervous tension in the lives of all people and it has created problems for children in families, domestic violence sometimes occurs in families due to the mutual understanding of parents and children, which leads to thoughts It becomes negative in children such as suicide. The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of psychological empowerment training and schema therapy on psychological resilience and suicidal ideation of teenage girls who are victims of domestic violence in Dehdasht city. Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental research method with a three-stage design (pre-test-post-test-follow-up) and three groups with a two-month follow-up period. It was the second half of the year 1400, when 45 people were selected in three groups of 15 people (experimental group of psychological empowerment training, schema therapy group and control group) as a random-stratified sample, statistical analysis using spss software 23 and the analysis of variance test was done with a combined design and repeated measurement. Results: The results showed that there is a difference between the effectiveness of psychological empowerment training and schema therapy on psychological resilience, the effectiveness of psychological empowerment training and schema therapy on suicidal ideation, and the difference between the effectiveness of psychological empowerment training and schema therapy on of adolescent girls who are victims of domestic violence. There is significant (p<0. 05). Conclusion: The results showed that psychological empowerment training and schema therapy have an effect on psychological resilience, suicidal ideation of adolescent girls who are victims of domestic violence in Dehdasht city and can be effective in reducing suicide and removing negative thoughts. Schema therapy has had a greater effect on psychological resilience, suicidal thoughts than psychological empowerment training.

Introduction: The prevalence and spread of stress in the work environment has prompted researchers to analyze this issue in the organization and its effect on the performance of employees. Therefore, the aim of the current research was to provide a model to reduce job stress based on personality types and the mediation of organizational climate of Tehran electricity department employees. Methods: The research method using structural equations and the statistical population of this research included all the employees working in the electricity departments of the 22 districts of Greater Tehran in 2018. For this purpose, 13 regions were selected from among the employees of the 22 regions of Greater Tehran by random cluster method, and the total number of employees in these 13 regions was 316, all of whom were selected as samples. To collect data, HSE occupational stress questionnaire (1990), Halpin and Craft's organizational climate (1963) and Neo's personality type (2005) were used. Structural equation modeling and AMOS and SPSS software were used to analyze the research data. Results: The fit indices of the model showed the appropriate fit of the model with the data. The first finding is that personality types with the mediating role of organizational climate have an effect on reducing job stress. Conclusion: According to the findings, it can be said that personality type is effective on job stress through the mediation of organizational climate.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare cognitive schema and depression in women with breast cancer and women with type 2 diabetes. This research is causal-comparative. To achieve this goal, the statistical population of the research includes all breast cancer patients and type 2 diabetes patients who refer to Tehran medical centers, and in this article, the purpose of this article is causal-comparative and to investigate the cognitive schema and depression in women. He is suffering from breast cancer and women suffering from type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this research, 60 people are selected with the sample size according to the purpose of the research and using the cluster sampling method. 30 people are related to breast cancer patients and 30 people are type 2 diabetes patients. In this research, Yang et al. 's primary maladaptive schema questionnaire (2003) and Beck's depression questionnaire (1961) were administered to the sample group. After recording in SPSS 22 software, the data is analyzed based on descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential (multivariate analysis of variance) methods. Conclusion: showed that it is significant in the sub-scales of ear ringing and depression, This means that there is a significant difference between the subjects of the two groups (in women with breast cancer and women with type 2. There is no significant difference in other variable sub-scales of primary incompatible schemas. That is, according to Ghosh-Zangi, the group of people with breast cancer was higher than the group of people with type 2 diabetes, and the depression variables of the group of people with breast cancer were higher than the group of people with type 2 diabetes.

Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Sensory-Motor Integration Activities (SMIA) on balance and executive functions such as attention and working memory of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in 2022. Methods: This research was a randomized single-blinded clinical trial with pre-test and post-test design. To this end, 30 boys with ASD in Tehran's growth center were selected for the research sample with the purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received SMIA for 24 sessions for two months (three sessions of 60 minutes each week),but the control group remained on the waiting list during this time. The data collection instruments included: Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functions (BRIEF). Data analysis was done using SPSS-21 software. Results: The finding of an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) indicate that compared to the control group, the experimental group had a significantly meaningful increase balance and a significant decrease the executive functions of attention and working memory of autistic boys (P<0. 001). The effective rate of SMIA treatment was 0. 89 for balance, 0. 79 for attention, and 0. 63 for working memory,which showed a strong treatment effect, high statistical accuracy, and sufficient sample size. Conclusion: It can be concluded that SMIA improves balance and executive functions of boys with ASD. Therefore, these low-cost movement activities and exercises can be used to improve the physical balance and cognitive functions of autism patients so that they have better physical-mental conditions society.

Introduction: Financial health is one of the key factors for the performance and sustainability of hospitals. Considering the importance of the topic, the present study has investigated the indicators of financial health in hospitals. Methods: This meta-analysis approach to examine the financial health indicators in Iranian private hospitals. A systematic search strategy was implemented the "Winner, Amek, and Lee" model and reputable databases. The time for data retrieval was from 2016 to 2022. The collected data was analyzed using the effect size method and the fixed-effects model with the aid of CMA software. Results: The study identified 55 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed that the highest number of articles related to financial health in private hospitals were published in the years 1399 and 1400, accounting for 16. 8% of the total. Conversely, the lowest prevalence was observed in the years 1392, 1396, 1397, and 1401, with only 5. 5% representation. Among the domestic studies, economic factors and patient volume emerged as the primary areas of focus, whereas education level and geographical characteristics received relatively less attention. In terms of foreign studies, patient volume and education level were the most extensively investigated, while social factors had the fewest studies. Conclusion: In. Conclusion: In line with their financial health, hospitals should pay attention to economic factors, environmental factors, level of education, crisis and geographic characteristics. Therefore, the results of this study can be used for hospital managers and policy makers in the field of improving the financial health of hospitals.