DANESHVAR MEDICINE
Year:2019 | Volume:26 | Issue:139 |Papers Count:8

Background and Objective: FSH is a heterodimeric glycoprotein that performs an important role in the regulation of reproductive processes. Over the past decades, injectable gonadotrophins have played a leading role in the treatment of infertility. The production of FSH in the country is one of the main goals around this drug. The aim of this study was to produce a semi-industrial recombinant FSH. Materials and Methods: In this research study, the FSH gene contained within the pVITRO2-neo-mcs vector was transfected into the cell line of CHO after transformation in DH5α and plasmid purification. The amount of FSH in cell supernatant was measured by ELISA. The FSH protein was purified by HPLC. The presence of FSH protein after purification was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting methods. Finally, the clinical effects of purified FSH on the ovary in the rat model were investigated. Results: The expression of the protein was determined by ELISA test at 450 nm that was 43. 538 mIU/ml. In the HPLC purification step, the FSH peak was observed at a time interval of about 7. 9 minutes, and the purification efficiency was 70%. The existence of a 45 KDa band on the pvdf membrane was confirmed after western blotting of FSH. Increasing the weight of the ovary after the injection has confirmed the functionality of the protein. Conclusion: At present, the production of recombinant hormone is one of the basic needs of every country. In order to arrive at this aim, a long-term planning is required. We are trying to pave the way for producing human FSH hormone as an effective recombinant drug in the treatment of infertility.

Background and Objective: Leishmaniasis is a public health problem caused by different types of Leishmania. The induction of apoptosis in infected macrophages is one of the main mechanisms for the escape of the parasite from the immune system. Preventing apoptosis and enhancing the ability to kill macrophages can be effective in treating or controlling leishmaniasis. In this study, the effect of chitosan nanoparticle loaded with Leishmania major secretory and excretory antigens on the number of apoptotic macrophages on exposure to Leishmania was investigated. Materials and Methods: Secretory and excretory proteins were isolated from the supernatant of the Leishmania major. The protein molecular weight range and its concentration were determined by SDS-PAGE and Bradford method. Proteins were coupled with chitosan nanoparticles. The coupled proteins and nanoparticles were confirmed by FTIR. The nanoparticle toxicity on macrophages was determined by MTT assay. Rats were treated intraperitoneally with protein, nanoparticle, protein coupled with nanoparticles on days 0, 10, and 21. After 28 days, the macrophages were isolated and their apoptosis percentage in presence and absence of parasites was investigated by flow cytometry. Results: The maximum production of Leishmania major secretory and excretory proteins was 72 hours after parasite culture. Proteins were in the range of 35-110 kDa. At a concentration of 250 μ g/ml, the highest percentage of nanoparticles was 76%. The results of the MTT confirmed non-toxicity of all chitosan concentrations coupled with Leishmania major secretory and excretory proteins. The results of apoptotic measurements by Annexin showed that apoptosis in macrophages treated with chitosan and chitosan coupled with Leishmania major secretory and excretory proteins was significantly (p<0. 05) less than untreated macrophages. Conclusion: Chitosan coupled with Leishmania major secretory and excretory proteins can increase the ability of infected macrophages to remove parasites by reducing apoptosis.

Background and Objective: Psychiatric disorders such as depression during pregnancy are associated with poor delivery and infant outcome. Typically, at least one evaluation is recommended for depression and anxiety and attention to mental health during pregnancy. The definition of health in the World Health Organization currently includes three areas: physical, mental and society. Various studies have shown the effect of spiritual health and spirituality on mental health. Moreover, so far, no significant studies have been done on spiritual health and depression in pregnancy. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between spiritual health and depression in pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 189 pregnant women who referred to Mostafa Khomeini hospital in Tehran in 2018. The data were collected by Dr. Azizi's Spiritual Health Questionnaire, Edinburgh Depression Inventory and Demographic Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical tests in SPSS software. Results: The frequency of depression with an average score of 7. 69 was 73. 3%. The average score of spiritual health was 21. 49% and 85. 9% of cases had a high spiritual health level. There was no statistically significant relationship between spiritual health and depression (p = 0. 215). Conclusion: High prevalence of depression during pregnancy indicates more attention for screening and identification of risk factors for depression in pregnancy.

Background and Objective: Working memory is the most basic pillar of memory for doing cognitive tasks. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on working memory in veterans and disabled athletes. Material and Methods: The method of this study was semi-experimental. 24 veterans and disabled of Shiraz athletes participated in this study in an available sampling. After the pre-test, the participants were randomly divided into real stimulation and sham groups. In the real stimulation group, anodal electrode was on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and cathode electrode in the FP1. The location of the electrodes in the sham group was the same as the real stimulation group, but the stimulation was interrupted after 30 seconds. The stimulation rate was 2 mA for 15 minutes, which was performed during three sessions with an interval of 48 hours per session. Data analysis was performed using ANCOVA test in SPSS version 22. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the real stimulation group and the sham at the working memory (P = 0. 0001). The results of Bonferroni post-hoc test showed that the performance of the real stimulation was better than the sham group (P = 0. 0001). Conclusion: It can be said that anodal tDCS in the DLPFC region with 2 mA excitation can improve working memory in veterans and disabled athletes.

Background and Objective: Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the most important indicators of individual health in different organizations, especially heavy industries. Therefore, this study was conducted with the main purpose of determining the point and period prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among the workers of the steel industry. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from April 2015 to May 2016 in Esfahan’ s Steel Company (Mobarakeh) hiring a proportional stratified random sampling method. In order to measure the range of musculoskeletal disorders, Nordic’ s questioner was used in which the history of having / not having disorders related to the nine-parts of the body has been evaluated in two tracks of time including the last 7 days and 12 months, respectively, as point prevalence and period prevalence. Data were analyzed using SPPS 25, R 3. 4. 4 and Chi-square test. Results: The highest point prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in the waist, knee, hand/ wrist and neck were 30. 20%, 25. 45%, 23. 77%, and 20. 70%, respectively, and also this order for period prevalence considering waist, neck, knee and hand/ wrists was reported as 49. 70%, 35. 50%, 20. 33% and 24. 90, respectively. Also, the period prevalence of cervical disorders was more affected by the point prevalence of shoulder/arm and neck disorders, and the period prevalence of leg/ankle disorders was influenced more by the point prevalence of hand/wrist, knee and waist disorders. Conclusion: Throughout this study, considering the relationship between the point and the period prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, we can suggest the point prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders as a predictive tool for the period prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders.

Background and Objective: High cholesterol is associated with higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases and oxidative stress. Ruta graveolens (RG) is one of the medicinal plants used in Iranian traditional medicine and different nations in the treatment of many diseases with antioxidant effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of RG on oxidative stress markers and cholinesterase enzyme in brain tissue of rats receiving high-cholesterol (HC) diet. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 28 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Control, RG and HC diet and HC diet+RG. For 8 weeks, Control and RG group received normal diet and the other 2 groups received HC diet (1% cholesterol and colic acid 0. 25%). After 8 weeks, treatment groups were treated with 100 mg/kg of RG intraperitoneally for 3 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the rats were anesthetized with diethyl ether and their brain were excised. After tissue homogenate was prepared, oxidative stress markers (level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione and catalase activity) and butyrylcholinesterase activity were measured using specific kits. Results: Eight-week diet with HC decreased glutathione level and the activity of butyrylcholinesterase and catalase enzymes and increased ROS in the hippocampal tissue of rats. Three-week treatment with hydroalcoholic extract of RG significantly increased the activity of the butyrylcholinesterase enzyme in the treated rats compared with the HC diet group. In addition, the activity of catalase and level of glutathione increased in HC diet+RG group compared to the HC diet group. However, this increase was not significant. Also, the difference between level of ROS in different groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Results of this study demonstrated that hydroalcoholic extract of RG significantly increases the activity of the butyrylcholinesterase enzyme in the hippocampal tissue of treated rats compared to the HC group and also had a partial effect on the antioxidant levels and defense against oxidative stress in the rats receiving HC diet but this difference was not statistically significant.