IRANIAN SOUTH MEDICAL JOURNAL (ISMJ)
Year:2011 | Volume:14 | Issue:1|Papers Count:12

Background: Unsaturated fatty acids such as turpentine oil can decrease serum leptin level with attention to this effect and the axial role of thyroid hormones and leptin in metabolism, the aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of dietary wild pistachio oil on serum leptin concentration and its relationship with thyroid hormones in experimental hyperthyroidism in Sprague Dawely female rat. Methods: 30 healthy adult female rats was selected and divided into five groups. Animals were fed with normal diet, levothyroxine plus normal diet, and 5, 10, 20 percent of turpentine oil plus normal diet respectively. Duration of the study was one month sampling obtained in each ten day intervals. Hyperthyroidism was created in animals with dosage of 12 mg/l of levothyroxine in drinking water for one month. Rats treated with 5%, 10% and 20% concentrations of wild pistachio oil for one month. Blood samples were collected from heart in each ten days interval. Results: No difference was observed in thyroid hormones and leptin in control group (P>0.05). With an increasing in turpentine oil in diet a significant reduction was obtained for T4, T3 and fT4 respectively (P<0.05). A significant decrease also was observed with increase of 10 and 20 percent of turpentine oil in serum leptin level as compared to control group (P<0.05). There is a clear relationship between percent of turpentine oil feeding and thyroid and leptin hormone levels in experimental hyperthyroidism rats (P<0.05). Wild pistachio oil had been positive impression on reducing hyperthyroidism effects especially T4 concentration (P<0.05). Wild pistachio oil usage in the hyperthyroidismic rats caused to decrease significantly the serum concentration of leptin during the experimental period (P<0.05). Conclusion: There is a clear relationship between percent of turpentine oil feeding and thyroid and leptin hormone levels in experimental hyperthyroidism rats. Therefore, this study indicates that consumption of turpentine oil could induce the renovation of hyperthyroidism from regulation of leptin secretion and metabolism.

Background: Previous studies have shown that morphine consumption during pregnancy may delay embryo development or cause abnormal nervous system function. The present study focused on the effects of maternal morphine consumption on ependyma duct and spinal cord development in Wistar rats. Methods: Wistar rats (170-200g) were used throughout. The experimental groups after fertility received 0.05 mg/ml of morphine by tap water while, the control group received water. On 17th day of pregnancy, the pregnant animals were anesthetized by chloroform and the embryos were removed surgically. The embryos were fixed in formalin 10% for 4 weeks. Then, tissue processing, sectioning and staining hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), were applied for the embryos. The sections were examined for ependyma duct and spinal cord development by light microscope and MOTIC, SPSS software. Results: Severe reduction of the area ependyma duct and an increase in the marginal layer of spinal cord area were observed in the experimental group. In addition, an increase in the mantle layer area and number cells of spinal cord in the experimental group regarding to controls was identified. Conclusion: The study showed that oral morphine consumption has caused to a decrease ependyma duct and spinal cord. This defect may cause postponed on function and development central neuron system. such as, changes observed in the fetus born by opioid addicted women.

Background: Nowadays widespread applications of antibiotics caused to create resistant microorganisms and increased additive antibiotic resistance in all over the world. Thus, researches linked to investigate new antimicrobial agents that are produced in natural way have great significance to achieve new pharmaceutics resources. Based on many accomplished researches, some macroalgae have found to show noticeable antimicrobial and antifungal activities. Methods: In this research antimicrobial activity of organic extracts of the macroalgae "Laurencia snyderiae" and Sargassum angustifolium (which has been collected from coasts of Boushehr port) was tested against 3 Gram- positive bacteria; Streptococous mutans, Streptococous salivaris and Streptococous sanguis as well as 4 Gram- negative bacteria; Salmonella typhi, Proteus vulgaris, Shigella flexniu and Micrococos luteus. Extraction was carried out using maceration method, methanol and chloroform extracts was obtained. Antimicrobial activities of the final extracts was tested using two methods; agar disk diffusion method and serial tube dilution method (in order to determine) Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Results: Results of bioassay showed the tested macroalgae exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against Gram- negative bacteria, S. typhi and Gram- negative bacteria M. Luteus exhibited the highest resistant against algal extracts. Conclusion: red alga L. snyderiae exhibited higher antibacterial activity than brown alga S. angustifolium against tested bacteria strains.

Background: Phenanthrene is one of the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) that are formed during the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, oil pollution and different process of oil and gas plants. PAHs-contaminated area have increased a health risk to humans and environments due to toxicity, carcinogenicity, hydrophobicity and their tendency to accumulation in soil and sediment and their entrance to food chain. Bioremediation is an effective method for removing toxic pollutants from soils such as Phenanthrene. The main object of this study is the assessment of the effects of salinity on the efficacy of the process of bioremediation on polluted soils by Phenanthrene. Methods: The bare soil of any organic and microbial pollution was first polluted artificially to the phenanthrene then a nutrient solution with two minimum and maximum concentrations of salinity were added to it in order to have the proportion of 10% w: v (soil: water). After that a microbial mixture which was enable degradation the phenanthrene added to the slurry and aerated. After the extraction of phenanthrene by ultrasonic, the residual concentration in the soil was analyzed by GC. Results: In the conditions that salinity concentration was maximum, the microbial growth has a longer lag phase than the minimum salinity. The findings from extraction process by GC depict the removal percentage of maximum and minimum salinity in 56th %70.5 day and%71.8, respectively. Conclusion: In In spite of the longer log phase of maximum concentration of salinity and according to GC results, there was just a little difference between two solutions. Therefore it reveals that salinity can increase the lag phase but haven' t any inhibitory effect on Phenanthrene removal.

Background: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is one of the endemic diseases in Bushehr Province, which its prevalence has increased in some districts, as well as Bushehr district recently. This is essential to access minute information about epidemiology of diseases (Parasite, Vector, Reservior), in order to achieve effective control of disease. One of the basic information in respect of controlling measures, is the knowledge and information of fauna and monthly activities of vectors which is essential, because ignoring of different biological aspects of vectors, could cause failure to control strategies. Methods: This is a descriptive- cross sectional study, carried out in four villages of Bushehr district (2007-2008) which were affected by cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Sand flies were collected by standard sticky traps, and identified by electric microscope, using reliable identification keys. Results: Sixteen species. (six Phelebotomus and ten Sergentomyia) were identified from a total of 15952 sand flies caught for this study, out of which eight species are reported for the first time in Bushehr district, namely: Phelobotomus mongolensis, P.caucasicus, P.ansari, Sergentomyia tiberiadis, S.clydei, S.antenata, S.iranica, S.palestiensis. Monthly activity of sand flies starts in mid March and ends by the end of December. The peack of sand flies monthly activities is in June, while the peack activity of P.papatasi is in the end of July. Conclusion: Considering nine months activity period of sand flies in Bushehr district, and their peack of activities, specially for P.paptasi, it is suggested that the controlling measures to be administrated in July.

Background: Occupational burnout is considered as side effect of occupational stress. It includes some mental, functional, and personal characteristics in which a person has some symptoms of them. Occupational burnout can be caused in all jobs therefore, diminishes performance and utilization, depression and disease. Due to the important role of teachers, this study was conducted to asses the occupational burnout in teachers in Kashan. Methods: This study was carried by Maslach standard questionnaires on 385 teachers and justify teachers under study in three fields: depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, diminished performance, and occupational burnout of was assessed by standard scorning. Results: The results indicated that the majority of school teachers had burnout in both internal and external dimensions in mild level. In this study three dimensions of burnoutwere: Depersonalization (mild84.5%, moderate10.9%, sever4.6%), emotional exhaustion (mild 71.9%, moderate 18%, sever10.1%), diminished performance (mild86.7%, moderate11.1%, sever2.2%) negative significant association was founded with increasing age (p=0.002) and duration of work years (p=0.001) and burnout. We founded that positive significant association with increasing educational degree (p<0.05), gender (p<0.01), kind of house (p=0.003), psychological disorders (p=0.02), family dissatisfaction (p=0.031) and teacher’s burnout. Conclusion: It seems that most people under study had mild occupational burnout, and acute occupational burnout was observed in some teachers (depersonalization 15.4%, emotional exhaustion28.1%) that need to more attention to them, because the role of teachers in our country is very important.

Background: subclnical hypothyroid (SCH), defined by a normal total or free T4 level and a midly Elevated TSH, is common in adults. Subclinical hypothyroid is a risk factor for developing hypothyroidism complication. the goal of screening is to identify and treatment patients with sublinical hypothyroid before they develop these complication. Methods: The sample size of this study was the articles indexed in pubmed, ovid, tripdatabase, new spring link black coehrane, Elsevirer, Embase and contained the terms subclinical hypothyroid, Anti-tpo, Thyrotropin, levothyroxine trapy. Results: 831 articles were found that 75 articles were investigated for this issue. The results are discussed under. The subtile such as subclinical hypothyroid, screening for subclinical hypothyroid, Indication of treatment of Subclinical hypothyroid. Conclusion: In this summary, we tried to review the current literature about definition, Indection of screening and treatment of subclinical hypothyroid and reach a comprehensive guidline for practical significance of this subject in routines practice.

Hydatid cyst is a zoonotic infection caused by the larval stage of the worm Echinococcus granulosus. Although any organ could be infected, the involvement of the bone, brain and heart are uncommon. The brain involvement Prevalence varies in the hydatid disease. We present a 27-year-old man with 10 years history of Behcet disease and with an unusual occurrence of brain hydatidosis, diagnosed by MRI and histological findings. Removal of the cyst by surgery was successfully performed and Albendazole was administered for 4 weeks after the surgery (400 mg two times daily) accompanied MLP.

This book has three chapters: Heart, lung and radiation protection. In each chapter, indications of scans, radiopharaceuticals the study performance, patient preparation, report and also possible problems were discussed. In addition, in the end of each chapter, many mutliplechoice question (MCa) were expressed. The studying of this book for at medical students, physicians and colleagues is recommended.