IRANIAN SOUTH MEDICAL JOURNAL (ISMJ)
Year:2017 | Volume:20 | Issue:1|Papers Count:15

Background: Curcumin and quercetinare two natural substances with low side effects and has antioxidant activity, anti- diabetic and strong anti-cancer and other health benefits. The aim of this study was the evaluation of these two compounds as anti-cancer agents and their toxicity on murine 4T1 breast cancer cells by MTT method.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, after cells culturing in 96-well plate 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 micromolar concentrations of curcumin and quercetin were added to the cells and after incubation during 24 and 48 hours, cell viability were evaluated by MTT method. one way-Anova was used to analysis data. p<0.05 was considered as significant level.Results: The result of this study showed that IC50 at 24 hours for curcumin was 14.8±4 micromolar and for quercetin 21.7±0.7 micromolar per ml and for 48 hours for curcumin was 21±0.3 micromolar and for quercetin 18.2±0.45 micromolar.Conclusion: In this study we showed that cell survival were depended on curcumin and quercetin concentration and time of incubation. By increasing the concentration of solution, toxicity have increased and cell survival have decrease at 48 hours more than 24 hours.

Background: Factor XIII (FXIII) deficiency is a bleeding disorder and it inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. in areas where consanguineous marriage is common, it has high prevalence. Iran as a Middle East country comprise the high rate of consanguinity in nearly half of patients with severe congenital FXIII deficiency (FXIIID). The most common mutation in Iranian population is Trp187Arg. In these patients occure life- threatening bleeding including central nervous system (CNS) bleeding, umbilical cord bleeding and recurrent miscarriage that have high rate of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate morbidity and mortality rate among these patients and the reasons for it.Materials and Methods:In this systematic review we studied all published paper in the field of FXIIID factor deficiency in Iran until 2015 via searching in databases and search engine such as Sciencedirect, scientific information database (SID), PubMed and Google scholar.Results: Among 308 patients with FXIIID, 108 cases had experienced CNS bleeding (CNSB) that in 23 cases had associated with rebleeding. in 72 patients have occured different types of neurological complications after central nervous system bleeding. A total of 63 recurrent miscarriages were observed in 30 women and 21 deaths were registered due to umbilical cord bleeding or mucosal bleedings.Conclusion: Due to high rate of morbidity and mortality among patients with FXIIID, early diagnosis of disease, prophylaxis treatment and intensive health care should be considered among these patients.

Background: In the last few decades, the city's air quality has become a major concern; especially there is strong evidence about health effects of particulate matter in urban communities.In addition to suspended particles concentration, the ionic part of suspended particles is also very important, So that some studies ions like Sulfate is the reson of increasing the respiratory diseases.So the aim of this study was to study of concentration of PM2.5 particles and their ionic componentsincluding major anions and cations in twelfth region of Tehran city in 2013.Materials & Methods: This cross - sectional study was conducted in the air of twelfth region of Tehran. PM2.5 concentration was calculated with sampling by frmOMNITMAmbient Air Sampler with PTFE filter with a diameter of 47 mm and through the weight measurement.Concentration of anions and cations which had associated with PM2.5 particles was read after collected sample preparation and injection to device Ion Chromatography (IC) Metrohm 850 model. Correlation matrix was calculated between anions and cations. Data analysis was carried out by Excel and SPSS version 18 and One-Way ANOVA test.Results: The mean daily concentration of PM2.5 particles was 19.41 µg/m3 during the study. One-Way ANOVA test showed a significant difference at the 0.05 level between PM2.5 concentrations on different days of the week. Concentrations for sodium, potassium, ammonium, calcium, magnesium, sulfate, nitrate, chloride were obtained 0.28, 0.06, 0.49, 0.87, 0.63, 56.3, 1.43 and 0.71 µg/m3, respectively, and no value was detected for fluoride and nitrite. Balance between anions and cations were calculated and the correlation coefficient (R2) were obtained 0.972 between the anions and cations.Conclusion The mean concentrations of PM2.5 was higher than the air standards in Iran and WHO guidelines (25 µg/m3) and EPA standards (35 µg/m3). In a study reported that the One-Way ANOVA test between particle concentrations on various days of the week indicated similar results. Sulfate and nitrate, and after that calcium had the highest concentrations. A high correlation was observed between the anions and cations. Correlation matrix between the anions and cations indicated that probable compounds in PM2.5 particles could be be (NH4)2SO4, CaSO4, CaCl2, KCl, K2SO4, NaCl and Ca(NO3)2.

Background: Nowadays, one of the most important concepts in the health system associated with the treatment and reduction of chronic spinal pain is self- management. According to the gap of a tool to measure this concept, this study was performed with the aim of construction and validation of Persian version of self- management scale of chronic spinal pains.Materials & Methods: The present study was descriptive and correlational study that it was performed in 2016 on 301 patients with chronic spinal pains who were referred to the Persian Gulf Martyrs Hospital, Salman Farsi, Physiotherapeutic centers and orthopedist and physical medicine and spine rehabilitation doctors' offices in Bushehr by using convenient simple sampling. In this study, the statistical methods of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, convergent and content validity and test-retest reliability and Cronbach's alpha using SPSS 21 software and AMOS 20 were used.Results: Based on the results three factors including medical emotional and functional self management were extracted which overall, it could explain 39.32% of self- management variable of chronic spinal pain. Also, fitness indexes were estimated at an acceptable level (AGFI=0.91, GFI=0.95, NFI=0.92, GFI=0.95, RMSEA=0.08, c2/df=2.65). Content validity (0.80), convergent validity (with Nicolas self management of chronic pain, psychological hardiness, self- efficacy of pain, pain catastrophic thoughts and beliefs and perception of pain with coefficient 0.68, 0.47, 0.50, -0.26 and -0.33), test- retest reliability (0.87) and reliability using Cronbach's alpha (0.79) were confirmed.Conclusion: According to all the indicators of reliability and validity were estimated in a satisfactory condition, so it can be used in areas of research, evaluation and treatment of chronic spinal pain.

Background: The Frequency of allergic diseases is growing in recent years. Identification of frequency of food allergens in different areas play an important role in diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. The aim of this study was to determine frequency and association of common food allergens in patients with allergic diseases based on Skin Prick Test in Bushehr province.Material and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 1100 patients were enrolled with allergic diseases which had a sensitivity to at least one allergen. This test was carried out with 21 common food allergens extract.Results: In all patients, association between the severity of the reaction prick allergy test and severity of allergic diseases with shrimp, cow's Milk and peanuts were (P= 0.01), (P= 0.02) and (P=0.04) respectively. In this study, the frequency of allergic rhinitis, asthma, chronic and acute urticaris and atopic eczema were 54.2%, 23%, 12.4%, 4.1% and 12%, respectively. While the the most common food allergens were peanuts (46.6%), egg yolk (43.1%) and shrimp (42%) respectively.Conclusion: This study indicated that food allergens such as shrimp, cow's Milk and peanuts have a greater role in severity of allergic diseases and this food allergens showed the highest frequency in patients.

Background: Asthma and allergic diseases are raised as a major health problem. The prevalence of these diseases are increasing in Iran and all over the world. Based on this, the present study assessed to prevalence of these diseases in Assalouyeh region, Bushehr Province.Material and Methods: This study was performed on 190 school children aged 6-7 years and 223 girl student aged 13-14 years in Assalouyeh city in 2014 based on ISAAC standard questionnaires Phase I and III which examined prevalence and risk factors for these diseases.Results: The prevalence of atopic eczema, allergic rhinitis and asthma among 6-7 year-old students were 11.6%, 13.7% and 5.8%, respectively. While, the prevalence of these diseases among 13-14 year-old students were 14.3%, 21.5% and 15.2%, respectively. Also, there were a significant association between risk factors such as exposure to tobacco smoke, pet keeping, consumption of fast and sea foods with prevalence of these diseases (P<0.05).Conclusion: Asthma and allergic diseases were high among school children in Assalouyeh and it seems that this increasing prevalenc can be associated with risk factors such as exposure to tobacco smoke, pet keeping, consumption of fast and sea foods.

Background: Active faults are actually the most important factor in the entry of radon and thoron to the surface of Earth. The location of residential areas on these faults is one of the main reasons for increasing the concentration of these radioactive gases in themMaterials and Methods: By using RTM1688, the concentration of Radon and Thoron was measured in 200 houses in rural residential areas placed on the active faults in Northern Khorasan in the north-east of Iran.Results: Radon measurements range was registered from 12Bqm-3 and 188 Bqm-3 with an average of 75.43 Bqm-3. The highest annual effective dose in samples was 5.45 mSv and the lowest was 0.35 mSv with an average of 2.187mSv. The range of Thoron was registered between 0.0 Bqm-3 and 840Bqm-3 with an average of 325.48 Bqm-3. The highest annual effective dose in samples was 21.17 mSv and the lowest was 0 mSv with an average of 8.20 mSv.Conclusion: The results show that in close areas to active faults of north- east of Iran the concentration of Thoron and Radon is two to three times more than the safe level. It was found that 20 percent of residential areas are subject to annual effective dose greater than the limit for radon and 54 percent for Thoron. The high concentration of Thoron and Radon in these areas show that the active faults play the main role of producing of these gases which may increase of lung diseases.

Background: Nurses are the biggest component of the health care system in the world and their job satisfaction and clinical competence affect performance and success of the organization. This study aimed to determine and compare the clinical competence and job satisfaction of nurses in both academic and non-academic hospitals in Bushehr in 2015.Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 257 nurses were studied in two hospitals of Bushehr city selected by census method. Data was collected by using valid and reliable Nurse Clinical Competence and Job Satisfaction Inventory questionnaires. Data analyzed by using SPSS-21, and descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. Statistical significance was set at P< 0.05.Results: Findings showed that there were no significant diffrences between academic hospital nurses' job satisfaction with 126.96±29.34 and non-academic hospital with 128.31±23.26. Also, there were a significant diffrences between total score of nurses' clinical competence in academic hospital 62.18±18.09 and in non-academic hospital 67.78±17.64. There were a significant and direct association between the clinical competence and job satisfaction of nurses in both hospitals (p≤0.05).Conclusion: Although nurses clinical competence and job satisfaction in both hospitals were assessed at desirable level but both criteria were higher in non-university hospital nurses. It is nessessary that Nurse Manager’s of academic hospitals should pay attention to assessment and improvement of nurse clinical competence and job satisfaction.

A scientific article is written to convey information to the reader. The results section is the core component of an article and its objective is to report the findings obtained from statistical analyses for testing hypotheses. For multiple reasons, articles published in medical journals are statistically poor; however, few biomedical journals describe the basics of statistical results presentation to authors. As regards, the writing and presentation of statistical results are as important as statistical results finding. The objective of present article is providing an instruction for reporting the results obtained from data analyses by using some common statistical methods. This article contains two parts: general principles about the structure of results section and basic principles related to how to report descriptive and analytical statistics.

Background: In line with the implementation of primary health care, Knowing the factors causing visual impairment is very helpful among children and students among population of each district. That's why in this study, we intend to study common causes of visual impairment in sixth grade elementary students in Boyer Ahmad city and we compared the results with similar studies.Materials and Methods: 1850 of 4427 sixth grade elementary students selected by Cluster sampling method in 2016-17 and they examined by linear snellen chart in the respective schools in 6 meters distance. Abnormal individuals were referred to specialized centers of Ophthalmology to determine the cause of decreased vision and they examined completely by an ophthalmologist.Results: In the initial screening, of 1850 people examined, 168 students (9.1%) known abnormal based on basic view of 0.8 and they were referred to specialized clinic for specialist examination. of these, 95 students reffered to ophthalmologist. In specialist examination, 70 students (8.3% of total examined patients) were visually impaired which the most important were Refractive Errors(3.84%), Amblyopia(2.3%) and Strabismus(0.19%). 38% of amblyopia was refractive errors. Of total number referred to an ophthalmologist, 26.3% of people were malingering which including 2.35% of general population. .Conclusion: Refractive errors was known as the most common cause of visual impairment and Amblyopia in the study group. As for to diagnosis simplicity and treatment of refractive errors we can dramatically reduced the prevalence of amblyopia and we also can reduce the incidence of malingering through cultural measures by the Broadcasting of Province.

Background: Corals have a diversity of prokaryotic communities as an internal or external symbiotic . This review will examine the association between corals and their symbiotic microorganisms from the ecology and biotechnology perspectiveMaterial and Methods: In this study, articles were examined which indexed in Pubmed, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Scirus databases. Keywords we used included coral, symbiotic microorganisms, ecology, and biotechnology. Finally, overall of 120 articles and reports, 103 articles were evaluated by eliminating the same articles.Results: The Corals symbiotic microorganisms stay on in the ecological niches such as the surface mucus layer, tissue and their skeleton. They play role in the cycle of sulfur, nitrogen fixation, production of antimicrobial compounds and protect corals against pathogens. Many bioactive compounds which attributed to invertebrates such as sponges and corals in fact they are produced by symbiotic bacteria. Various metabolites produced by these microorganisms can be used as medicine. Five screening strategies including conventional screening, met genomics, genomics, combinatorial biosynthesis, and synthetic biology are used for marine microbial natural products discovery and development.Conclusion: According to the collected material we can be concluded that, the ecological studies about the natural association between corals and their symbiotic microorganisms were technological prerequisite for biomedical research and they make clear the road to attainment to bioactive compounds in fauna. Also, in the first step, it is recommended that modern technology and advanced screening methods used to identification of marine organisms and then to identify secondary metabolites among them.