TEB VA TAZKIEH
Year:2010 | Volume:- | Issue:77|Papers Count:10

Knee joint has major role in lower extremity activities. Emong different elements of knee joint complex, anterior cruciate ligament has becom more interested because of its alignment, structural complications, varied nerve rceptors and frequently susceptibility to injury.After injury of this ligament knee extensor torque decreases The aim of this research was that if reduce of quadriceps torque exist in spit of rehabilitation in iran.Method: 10 healthy men (age: 22-35 years) and 10 patients with ACL deficiency (age: 23-42 years) participated in this study. After primary assessment, functional vertical jump test was done for each lower extremity. Also the subjects fill in lysholm questionnaire.Result: Willcoxson test, Manwithny test and Spearman correlation coefficient were used.Results showed that there was significant deference between meen functional scores of dominant and non-dominant lower extremity of the control group. The same result was seen in the patients. also there was significant diference between meen Lysholm scores of the patients and control group.There was no relationship between Lysholm score and functional test.Conclusions: It is clear that after anterior cruciate ligament injury, in spite of rehabilitation the quadriceps muscle strength is low and because of that the patient cannot do strength vertical jump. Thus they may replace compensatory mechanisms.

Background: When organization managed by experienced, competent and well performed managers, the organization will be succeeded in achieving their goals and it will be more effective.Objective: This study was designed with the purpose of determining the relation ship between managers competency and hospital efficiency in Teaching hospital of Tehran University of Medical Sciences during spring and summer of 2010.Methods: This study was correlational research. Population included all managers of Teaching Hospital of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, in which seven hospitals were selected as sample size by random sampling method. Tool of collecting data was standard questionnaire of Brown Company which design according to 360 degree feedback model.This method was designed for surveying general competency of managers and included 63 question which drawn up in eight parts with Liker t5 degree scale. 63 questionnaires were distributed between managers, supervisors, peers and subordinates of managers in the hospitals by the researchers. Also, for collecting data in the field of efficiency three indicators including inpatient bed occupancy ratio, average length of stay and bed turnover rate were received from the Statistic Department and Medical Records Unit. Descriptive statistic and inferential statistic by spss software was used for analyzing data.Findings: In term of team work, the managers had the most potential and in the term of Programming concerning competency they had the least potential. There was meaningless relation between the competency of managers and average length of stay and bed turnover rate, but there was significant relation between competency of managers and bed occupancy ratio.Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, there was significant relation between competency of managers and bed occupancy ratio, therefore providing continuous special teaching program can tend to significant promotion of hospital managers.

introduction: Life Expectancy (LE) at birth along with mortality rates, are considered as the key components of not only 'social determinants of health' but also as indicators of social, cultural, economic and health of societies. LE has become one of the indicators of health inequalities in any society, which is not usually assessed at the level of a single city area. Therefore, we aimed to estimate life expectancy and to evaluate the effects of social determinants of health (SOH) on it in different districts of Tehran as a metropolitan in 2008.Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was performed during the year 2008 using the data from "Tehran Urban HEART Study". During August till November 2008, an approximate number of 1000families in each 22 districts of Tehran-totally 22492 households- including 81665 persons were recruited following cluster random stratification, of these 41585 were male and 40080 were female. A 13 pages questionnaire consists of several sections and detailed questions about demographic features, socioeconomic status, occupation, tenure, level of education, mortality, vaccination, violence, insurance coverage, household costs, was administered. Moreover, sufficient data on any mortality (including age and sex) in each household during the year 2008 was recorded. Life tables were extracted using Life Tab Excel software; also SPSS v.17and STATA v.10 were used to perform ecologic and concentration (individual level) analysis, respectively.Results: Overall life expectancy (LE) was calculated as 77.98 (95% CI: 75.50-78.69) yr which was significantly higher among women [79.96 (95% CI: 77.79-82.13) yr vs. 74.53 (95% CI: 72.2276.85) yr, P<0.05] than men. The highest LE was observed in the east (81.64 yr) and north (79.43 yr) of Tehran while the south region with LE of 74.38 yr had the lowest. Analytical procedures show that mortality was significantly more concentrated in families with lower total non-food costs (concentration index= -0.1599, P<0.0001) and lower level of education (concentration index=-0.1770, P<0.0001). Moreover, in ecologic data analysis, LE had significantly direct correlation with total non-food costs (r= +0.695, P<0.001), costs per capita (r= +0.553, P=0.009) and frequency of social class 1 or SC-1 (r= +0.437, P=0.030); while it was reversely correlated with family size (r=-0.486, P=0.025) and frequency of SC-5 (r=-0.476, P=0.029).Conclusion: Although the estimated life expectancy was higher in Tehran in comparison with the other estimations of the country, considerable differences were observed between regions and districts of this city. Socioeconomic status and the level of education were among the most important components of SDH that influenced mortality rates and LE in Tehran which were significantly different from a region to another one. Conclusively, geographical inequalities in mortality and socioeconomic status are shown to exist in Tehran area in this study, which emphasizes the need for urgent policy making in various disciplines including state ministries and Tehran municipality.

payment mechanism health insurance is a serious challenge for policy makers, access to health, continuing care, need to technology, huge expenses a considerable part of health funds is collected. Therefore organizing and designing apprpriate policies for organizing, financing, payment mechanism for providers and role of diagnostic related groups system.in this study, our main objective Study comparative payment mechanism health insurance in selective countries.material and methods: in this study The researcher to achieve the mentioned goals used applied research which is presented as descriptive-adjusting method and is performed as a section and case study results: study found that policy makers from payment mechanism in selective countries involved in health and welfare ministries along with the private encompass free provid decentralized health care. Finances should be provided throught taxes, charity aids support from international organization payment mechanism to providers in selective countries includes fee foe services, salary and per case, budgeting payment.conclusion: iran owns structure of social security organization. Although includes financing health insurance. provided throught taxes and support from international organization and provide payment mechanizm health insurance increased payment in health insurance.

Introduction: Community-orientated medicine (COME)is a topical area for debate in the current discussions about medical education, but it can be agued that medical education has always been in the community because medical practice is located there in. In this study the status of COME in all universities were evaluated by Educational Development Center (EDC) of Ministry of Health and Medical Education in Iran.Methods: A Multi Centric qualitative investigation using focus group discussion with purposive sampling has been implemented successfully for developing SWOT Analysis. Steering committees of 38 medical universities and other stakeholders participated to this study.Results: The strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the COME in the country were recognized. Community oriented medical education status was determined and factors causing the analysis were been: systematic analysis of study results (input, process and output) for some categories, including mission and vision, motivation, training and management structure, educational structure (curriculum), research, communication, physical structures and equipment, and Monitoring and evaluation were identified.Conclusion: Results of this study amplify the necessity of supports of health decision makers and fundamental change in the overall process of implementing educational programs and promote them thoroughly in Iran.

introduction: pulmonary tuberculosis is major problem worldwide and it is estimated one third of the world population are already infected and each year 9 million people develop full blown tuberculosis of these 3 million die of the disease, annually. Delay in diagnosis and treatment are major problems that playa significant role in all aspect of the disease from patient treatment to transmission in the community. The aim of this study was to investigate the delay in diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in Kurdistan.Material and Methods: All incidence cases of smear positive TB occurring in Kurdistan province during the year of 2009 were included into this study. Data on the different variables were abstracted from the patients' file and entered into the computer. For each patient demographic data, clinical data including symptoms and the time of onset of symptoms as well as the time receiving different services were collected. Descriptive and analytical analyses were done using SPSS software analysis were done using ANOVA, t test, Correlation coefficient and regression analysis. In all analytical analysis, a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered as criteria for statistical significance.Results: The mean±standard deviation of patient, treatment, diagnosis, and total delay were 45.6±36.5, 16.8±22.2, 1.7±0.9 and 64.2±46.2 respectively. There was positive correlation between patient and diagnosis delay with total delay. Single patients suffered more delay compared with married patients. Women patients suffered more delay compared with men patients.Conclusion: Our findings indicate that there is a delay in all aspect of pulmonary tuberculosis in the studied population. These delays need to be addressed both at the service giver level as well as patient level. There are urgent needs of proper intervention to reduce all delays in the studied population.

Introduction: Pathophysiology of cancer is based on genetic instabilities. This can explain recent important role of genetic studies in such diseases. Defects can be large (on molecular scale) at the level of chromosomal or small in nucleotide level, which eventually causes to irreversible changes in the cell. Conventional technical methods in cancer genetics are generally based on molecular or cytogenetic studies. Therefore, we will be able to screen familial cancers and in some cases, detect disease recurrence rate at molecular level, evaluate drug response and predict cancer prognosis. Until now, gene therapy, as a therapeutical method has supportive and not curative role in cancer. In this article we will overview outlines of cancer genetics.

Introduction: Interesting voice is one of the divine blessing of Allah's to the human beings Allah has created the prophets who are the best with the interesting voice. It has been noted in hadith that. Allah hasn't appointed any prophets without interesting voice of course, it must be remembered that some people did not use the interesting voice property we try to survey and introduce some instances of using these ideas of Allah based on Ayah and Ahadith and medical sciences.Methods: This study is a library research, After primary study introductory study and texts examination and as well communication with experts and identification of key words, scientific subjects related to Islamic passages and medical findings were extracted and categorized complete care and truthfully final report is presented to the researchers.Results: with regard to data of Islamic texts1- musses is not absolutely lawful or forbidden2- Music can be healings heal by prescription of experts in medical sciences3- Natural music is useful and lawful.4- Artificial music can be healing and useful.According to music is not forbidden in Islamic and making tools of music is lawful.Suggestion: To prevent going to extremes about expressing some view of points in these subjects, communication and sympathy between university and religious institutes is necessary.