Nursing And Midwifery Journal
Year:2024 | Volume:22 | Issue:1|Papers Count:8

Background & Aim: The migration of nurses is a widespread phenomenon that impacts the stability of the nursing workforce in healthcare systems worldwide. This is often used to address labor shortages in the destination country. However, this phenomenon caused significant challenges, including a shortage of nursing staff and limitations in providing health services in the countries of origin. This study aims to review the factors that contribute to the migration of nurses globally. Materials & Methods: This study is a narrative review study. In the first stage and based on the purpose of the research, searching for articles using Boolean operators in the time range of 2011 to 2023 in English and Farsi with the keywords "Migration, Immigrant, nurse" in the national information databases SID, Magiran and also Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was done. In this study, 13 articles were examined based on the entry and exit criteria and the appropriateness of the content with the purpose of the study. Results: The migration of nurses involves four main categories of psychosocial, organizational, economic, and individual-family factors. At the global level, organizational factors were the most effective and economic factors were the least effective factors. Conclusion: Nurses' migration is a multidimensional issue requiring policymakers to pay special attention to it. Nursing managers should take steps to increase nurses' job satisfaction to prevent them from leaving.

Background & Aim: Exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months of life and its continuation along with complementary foods until two years old is the safest, cheapest, and most effective method of children feeding. Despite the positive effects of exclusive breastfeeding on the health of the child and mother, most mothers do not welcome it. Determining the factors affecting the intention of exclusive breastfeeding is necessary in adopting this behavior, and in this regard, the use of theories and models of behavior change is helpful. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the predictors of exclusive breastfeeding intention based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in pregnant women of Urmia city. Materials & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional correlational study was conducted on 200 pregnant women referring to Urmia Health Centers, Iran. The samples were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. A valid and reliable three-part questionnaire including demographic variables, knowledge, and constructs of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) was used to collect the data. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics methods in SPSS software ver. 22.0. Results: The results showed a positive statistical correlation between the intention to exclusively breastfeed and the factors of knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) was able to predict 34.6% of the variation in behavioral intention, with subjective norms (β=0.527, p<0.01) and knowledge (β=0.136, p<0.05) being the most significant predictors. Conclusion: The results confirmed the effect of subjective norms and knowledge on the exclusive breastfeeding intention of Urmia pregnant women. Therefore, these factors can be considered in educational programs to improve the health of women and children and promote exclusive breastfeeding.

Background & Aim: Nurses, the largest group of healthcare providers, play a crucial role in adhering to ethical issues and making sound decisions in nursing. To effectively address ethical matters, nurses must first possess sufficient sensitivity toward ethical issues. One influential factor in this regard is enhancing nurses' familiarity with ethical concepts. Hence, the present study aimed to determine the impact of distance education on professional ethical concepts using mobile phones on the ethical sensitivity of nurses working at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia. Materials & Methods: This study was semi-experimental research conducted on nurses employed at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia. Nurses meeting the inclusion criteria were selected through convenience sampling, and the samples were randomly divided into two control and intervention groups. In total, 76 participants were included in the study, with 38 nurses in each group. Prior to the intervention, a pre-test using the Lutzen Ethical Sensitivity Questionnaire was conducted on both groups. In the mobile phone group, participants had phone calls, and educational messages related to ethical codes were sent twice a day for four weeks. No specific training was provided to the control group, and they only received the hospital's regular training program. After the intervention, both groups completed the questionnaire again. The data were analyzed in SPSS 21 software, using paired t-tests and independent t-tests. Results: The paired t-test results indicated a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of ethical sensitivity in the mobile phone group before and after the intervention (p<0.001). However, in the control group, no statistically significant difference was observed in the mean scores of ethical sensitivity (p=0.678). Additionally, the independent t-test results showed no statistically significant difference in the mean scores of ethical sensitivity between the two groups before the intervention (p=0.519). Nevertheless, after the intervention, a significant statistical difference was observed between the two groups (p<0.001). Conclusions: Improving ethical sensitivity is one of the essential goals of nursing education. Achieving this goal requires an innovative educational approach. According to the results of the study, the use of distance education via mobile phones in nursing training can improve nurses' ethical sensitivity.

Background: Non-adherence to treatment in chronic diseases, especially in hemodialysis patients, is still a challenge that requires effective nursing interventions. This study was conducted to determine the effect of the spiritual care program on the adherence to treatment of hemodialysis patients. Methods: This study is a two-group randomized clinical trial study with a pre-test-post-test design conducted on hemodialysis patients referred to the hemodialysis departments of Urmia City hospitals in the second half of 2023. The study comprises two groups: a control group and an intervention group, each receiving routine care. For patients in the intervention group, the spiritual care program consisted of four one-hour sessions conducted individually and twice a week after hemodialysis in a suitable room in the hemodialysis department. In order to collect data, the questionnaires of patients' demographic information and The End-Stage Renal Disease Adherence Questionnaire (ESRD-AQ) (Kim et al., 2010) were used before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests with SPSS version 22 statistical software. Results: The two groups were homogeneous and not statistically significantly different regarding demographic characteristics. The mean score of patients' adherences to treatment was 678.37 ± 85.62 before the intervention in the intervention group, and it was 682.69 ± 107.62 in the control group, which had no statistically significant difference (P=0.848). After the intervention, it reached 897.97 ± 139.98 in the intervention group and 694.87 ± 104.21 in the control group. The difference between the two groups was significant (p<0.001) and improved in the intervention group. Conclusions: The study's findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the spiritual care program in improving adherence to treatment among hemodialysis patients. This underscores the recommendation that nurses in hemodialysis wards focus on nursing interventions and incorporate the spiritual care program into their patient care plans.

Background & Aim: Sleep quality affects physical, sexual, and mental health, especially during middle age. This study aimed to determine the relationship between sleep quality and sexual satisfaction among employed women during the transitional period to menopause. Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted on 150 working women at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences between November and December 2022. The participants were selected by random cluster sampling. Demographic information form, the Petersburg Sleep Quality Questionnaire (PSQI), and the Larson Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (LSSQ) were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods in SPSS V.23. A significance level of p < 0.05 was considered for all statistical analyses. Results: The results showed that the majority of participants had undesirable sleep quality and moderate sexual satisfaction. The mean total sexual satisfaction score has no significant relationship with undesirable sleep quality. However, among the dimensions of sexual satisfaction, only the desire to have a sexual relationship had a significant inverse relationship with poor sleep quality (p=0.038; r=- 0.17). Conclusion: Based on these findings, except for the desire to have sex, other dimensions of sexual satisfaction, such as sexual quality, sexual compatibility, and sexual attitude, were not related to their undesirable sleep quality. Therefore, by teaching techniques to increase sexual desire, it is possible to improve the quality of sleeping in women going through perimenopause.

Clinical reasoning is an essential competency for experienced and qualified nurses. Therefore, nurses must acquire clinical reasoning skills before entering the clinical field. Evidence shows that nursing education focusing on clinical reasoning can enhance nurses' ability to handle complex and unstable situations when dealing with patients. As per the curriculum approved by the Ministry of Health, one of the primary objectives of nursing courses is to enhance the clinical reasoning abilities of students. To achieve this goal, there are several educational methods that nursing students can utilize, such as being active in learning, critical thinking and problem solving, interdisciplinary communication, metacognition, simulation, constructive feedback, perception and mentoring. In general, nursing education requires long-term strategies that enhance the clinical reasoning competence of nursing students in order to train competent and self-assured nurses.

Background & Aim: One factor related to the quality of nursing care is the professional behavior of nurses. Meanwhile, intensive care and psychiatric units are complex and challenging work environments. Occupational factors such as workload can affect these two factors. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between perceived workload and professional behavior in nurses working in psychiatry and intensive care units in educational and medical centers of Urmia University of Medical Sciences in 2023. Materials & Methods: This research is a descriptive cross-sectional-correlation study. The research population consisted of nurses working in the psychiatric and intensive care units of medical educational and treatment centers in Urmia; 67 nurses were selected using the census method, and 98 were selected using a quota sampling method. Data collection tools were the demographic questionnaire, the NASA workload questionnaire (NASA-TLX), and the professional behavior questionnaire (Goze). Data were analyzed in SPSS software version 22.0 using descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-Square, Mann Whitney, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and linear Regression).. Results: The total workload score for nurses was 71.67 (4.52) in psychiatric units and 73.78 (4.36) in intensive care units. The highest perceived workload was associated with the effort dimension, with a score of 77.78 (4.32) in intensive care units and 75.25 (4.32) in the physical dimension of psychiatry units. In the psychiatry department, the performance dimension had the highest score of 75.36 (13.11), followed by frustration and mental pressure with scores of 73.87 (13.51) and 73.23 (5.77), respectively. The results of the correlation between the overall perceived workload level score and professional behavior showed an inverse and significant relationship with nurses working in psychiatric (-0.77) and intensive care units (-0.39) (P <0.001). The results also indicated that perceived workload predicts professional behavior. Conclusion: The present study showed that nurses' perceived workload affects their professional behaviors. Nursing managers' awareness of these findings can impact the planning, employment, and distribution of human resources, including those working in psychiatric and intensive care units.

Background & Aim: Irregular work shifts, particularly night shifts, can negatively impact nurses' physical and mental health, personal life, social life, performance, and efficiency. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between general health dimensions and shift work status in nurses. Materials & Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional-correlation study conducted on nurses working at Al-Zahra Hospital in Isfahan in 2022. The sample size consisted of 250 nurses who were selected by simple random sampling. The evaluation of general health dimensions and shift work status was carried out using Goldberg's standard 28-question general health questionnaire and the survey of shift workers (SOS) questionnaire. The data collected was analyzed using SPSS software ver. 24. 0. Results: The nurses in the study were 23 to 60 years old. Regarding the dimensions of general health, the mean score for physical health impairment (9. 20±3. 49), anxiety (8. 45±3. 82), and social functioning disorder (8. 73±2. 86) were below average, while the mean depression score (49. 2±2. 29) was at a low level. The mean nurses' shift work status score was 41. 67 ± 6. 69, which was average.  It was found that there was an inverse relationship between the score of shift work status and the score of general and physical health impairment, as well as social dysfunction (P < 0. 05). However, other dimensions had no significant relationship (P > 0. 05). Conclusion: Improving the shift work situation can decrease general health disorders and physical and social dysfunction among nurses. Nursing managers can help improve their nurses' physical and social health by planning shift work properly and observing the principles of shift work.