Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences
Year:2011 | Volume:18 | Issue:5 (74)|Papers Count:10

Introduction: A growing body of evidence suggests that atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory process. The aim of this cross sectional investigation was to explore relationship between C - reactive protein (CRP) and severity of coronary artery occlusion (CAO). Methods: Patients with stable CAD but without left main artery lesion (n=165) were recruited from Talaghani hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences. Angiographic examination revealed 36 individuals with minimal CAO, 41 with one CAO, 41 with two CAO and 47 with three CAO. CRP was determined by high sensitive ELISA. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS statistical software (version 13.0). Results: Significant difference (p=0.007) was seen between CRP levels of minimal (1.2±1.2mg/l), 1VD (1.07±1.3 mg/l), 2VD (0.8±0.9 mg/l), and 3VD (1.8±1.7 mg/l) group. Conclusion: CRP constitutes a useful marker of CAD severity among patients with stable angina pectoris.

Introduction: One of the most important factors affecting the marginal seal of composite restorations is polymerization shrinkage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the micro leakage of two resin composites cured with two light directions. Methods: In this experimental study, forty similar class III preparations were prepared in 40 human anterior teeth. The teeth were randomly divided in two groups according to the resin composite used for filling the cavities (Microfilled composite: Heliomolar or hybrid composite: Spectrum). Etch group was further divided in two subgroups according to the light direction buccal and lingual. All the cavities were filled with the composites and cured for 40 seconds. The teeth were then thermocycled for 500 cycles between 5-55°c and covered with nail polish except for 1mm around cavity margins and immersed in 1% methylene blue for 12 hours. The teeth were sectioned and the dye penetration scores were recorded using stereo microscope. Data was analyzed using non parametric Mann Whitney test. Results: No significant difference was observed between the composite resins (p>0.05) or the light directions used for curing the composite resins (p>0.05). Conclusion: Directions of the light does not have any effect on the micro leakage of hybrid or micro filled composites in class III cavities.

Introduction: Leptin, a protein product of the ob gene secreted by adipocytes, plays an important role in regulating appetite and energy expenditure. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of dietary fat on serum leptin and T3 concentrations and their interactions. Methods: 18 male mice were maintained on a purified laboratory diet. Mice were then separated into two groups: a control group that received a standard laboratory diet and a high fat group that received a 1% cholesterol-enriched diet supplemented with 0.2% cholic acid and 2.5% olive oil as dietary fat for three weeks. Blood samples then were collected. Serum leptin and thyroid hormones quantification were performed by ELISA and RIA methods, respectively. Serum triglyceride and cholesterol concentration were measured by standard chemical methods. Mice abdominal fat pads were also weighed. Results: Serum cholesterol, triglyceride and abdominal fat pads showed significant increase in the high fat group (108%, 59% and 107% respectively) (p<0.001). Leptin concentration and abdominal fat pad showed positive correlation in both high fat and normal diet groups, (p= 0.002, r= 0.87and p=0.001, r=0.89). Leptin and T3 showed negative correlation in the high fat group (p= 0.001 and r=0.67). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that high fat diet affects leptin and T3 relationship.

Introduction: Various sorts of physical activites cause various changes in body immune system. The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effect of one incremental exhausting cycling session with hand on the response of T and NK cells of immune system of male physical education students. Methods: In this study, twenty male subjects with mean age of 22.4±1.8 (SD) years, mean Vo2 max 41.7±7.1 (SD) ml/kg/min and mean BMI 23±1.87 (SD) kg/m2 were divided randomly into control(n=10) and experimental group(n=10). The subjects of experimental group performed Sawaka. Protocol, whereas the subjects of control group did not participate in any exercise activity. Blood samples were taken from brachial vein of control and experimental subjects during pre-test, post-test and two hours after the end of exercise. For analysis of statistical data, t-independent and t-correlated tests =0.05 significant) were used. Results: Immediately after training, the(  percentage of CD8 (T) and CD16.56 (NK) cells increased significantly (P≤0.005, P≤0.001). On the other hand, the ratio of CD4/CD8 cells and the percentage of CD4 (T) cells showed significant decrease (P≤0.002, P≤0.001). In addition, the percentage of CD56 and CD16 (NK) cells did not change significantly. It is worth mentioning that these changes after two hours returned to the normal state at the end of the sport test  (P≤0.251, P≤0.229). Conclusion: One acute training session with hand causes both increase and decrease in T and NK cells of immune system function. But, these changes are temporary and return back to normal levels within a few hours.

Introduction: Previous studies indicate that morphine consumption during pregnancy can inhibit embryonic development. The present study evaluated the effects of orally administered morphine on the development of embryonic cavities in nine day pregnant rats. Methods: Female Wistar rats weighing between 170-200 grams were used in the present study. Experimental group received morphine (0.05 mg/ml of tap water) after one night coupling with male rats for mating. On the 9th day of pregnancy, the pregnant animals were anesthetized with chloroform and the embryos were removed surgically and fixed in 10% formalin for a week. The fixed embryos were processed and stained by H & E method and evaluated. The surface areas of amniotic and chorionic cavities and the whole body surface area of embryos were calculated using MOTIC software. Results: Findings indicated that both chorionic cavity and whole body surface areas of embryos were increased in the experimental group. In addition, surface area of amniotic cavity was reduced in experimental group. Conclusion: This study showed that oral morphine consumption caused a significant decrease in the embryonic amniotic cavity and furthermore, delay in natural embryonic amniotic cavity development can result in abnormal function and growth defect of the kidneys of infants of mothers addicted to morphine.

Introduction: Hepatitis E is a kind of viral infectious disease that involves the liver and can vary from a simple and asymptomatic disease to a fulminant and lethal disease. Considering the importance of HEV prevalence and history of epidemics in neighborhood provinces, this study was performed to evaluate the seroprevalence of HEV in Khorrmabad city in 2009. Methods: This is a cross sectional research which was done in 2009. A total of 400 people who had referred to the health centers of Khorrmabad city were selected as the subjects of study using multiphase sampling method. After getting informed consents from all cases as well as 5 milliliters of blood from each case, the intended demographic data was collected by a questionnaire. Then, ELISA test was performed for evaluation of the samples. Results: In this study, the result was positive in 31 cases that showed 7.8% seroprevalence of HEV in Khorramabad city. The mean age of all cases was 36 years positive cases:49.7 years negative cases : 34.8 years and highest prevalence was in the 40-59 years age group (61.2%). There was no significant relationship between sex, blood transfusion and HEV positive test. Conclusion: Considering the prevalence rate of 7.8%, Khorramabad city is endemic for HEV and probably, this prevalence is higher at the mean age of 49.7% years and in the 40-59 years age group. We suggest that hepatic patients should be evaluated for HEV routinely in Lorestan province paying special attention to pregnant women.

Introduction: Quality of life (QOL) is a state of complete physical, mental, social and spiritual well-being and may be affected by sociodemographic variables, chronic illnesses, psychiatric and physical conditions. End stage renal diseases and treatments lead to many problems in patients including physical, mental and socioeconomic problems thus affecting their overall QOL. This study evaluated and compared QOL in hemodialysis and kidney transplant patients. Methods: In a descriptive analytic study, SF36 questionnaire was used to examine QOL in 120 patients (60 hemodialysis and 60 kidney transplant patients) in Kerman. Results: The mean QOL score in hemodialysis patients was 49.83±17.56, while in kidney transplant patients, it was 60.95±16.60. Although difference between the two groups was significant (p≤o.o5), the difference in three dimensions pain, physical and social function was not significant (p≥0.05). In hemodialysis patients, minimum score was in vitality dimension and maximum score in physical function. In kidney transplant patients, minimum score was in general health and maximum score was in role limitation due to physical problem dimension. Conclusion: Although QOL in both groups is lower than public communities, kidney transplantation can improve QOL, especially in role restriction due to physical problems. Based on results, it seems that age, blood creatinine levels and personal perception are the most important factors affecting QOL of hemodialysis patients and only creatinine levels and personal perception can be modified. So, in this group of patients, by maintaining creatinine levels and assuring dialysis quality, QOL can be improved. On the other hand, recognition of patient’s defiance mechanisms can improve adaptation and life satisfaction.

Introduction: The concept of treating edentulous patients by osseointegrated implants was first proposed in 1960s. To minimize the failure rate of implants, it has been recommended to keep the implants free of load during the healing period .Recent studies have been directed to achieve faster integration and shorter healing periods prior to implant restoration. Loading protocols (immediate loading , early loading) can best be interpreted on the biologic basis of implant integration. Each of these protocols needs special prerequisites and there are special risk factors for different loading protocols. Objectives: In this review article, different loading protocols and their surgical and prosthetic considerations are discussed.