Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences
Year:2017 | Volume:25 | Issue:6 |Papers Count:10

Introduction: Hyperlipidemia and elevated serum total cholesterol is one of the greatest risk factors contributing to prevalence and severity of cardiovascular complications like coronary heart diseases, including atherosclerosis and death. To clarify the anti-hyperlipidemic effect of Artemisia dracunculus essential oil (ADEO), the present experimental study was designed.Methods: The EOAD was extracted by clevenger apparatus using hydrodistillation. Hyperlipidemia was induced by giving high cholesterol (2%) diet in standard rat chow diet for twenty-one days. Animals were randomly divided into 6 groups (there were 6 rats in each groups). The groups of rats selected for the study were treated orally with lovastatin (10 mg/kg) and EOAD (15–60 mg/kg) daily for the two weeks.Results: EOAD did not show significant difference in serum cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG), but these values were lowered significantly (P<0.05 (by lovastatin. Also, there was a significant (P<0.05 (increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels after the treatment with EOAD. Marked decrease (P<0.05 (in low density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrations was observed in rats fed the lovastatin and EOAD (60 mg/kg) than in the control group. There was a significant reduction in TG: HDL, TC: HDL, LDL: HDL ratios and ath+rogenic index in the EOAD treated groups.Conclusion: The present work indicated that essential oil of A. dracunculus could not prevent dyslipidemia that occurred in rats following feeding of high cholesterol diet in both dose-and time-dependent manners. However, it was affected HDL level and athrogenic index. Further studies are needed to characterize the effects of A. dracunculus in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.

Introduction: In this study, the prevalence of vaginitis caused by bacterial pathogen, Candida and Trichomonas vaginalis was investigated in women referring for pap smear to Sina lab in Yazd, during 2015-2016.Methods: This study was conducted on 588 women who referred for pap smear to Sina lab during March 2015 to Septamber 2016. Cervical and vaginal samples were obtained and examined by the Papaniocolaou Test. After thatthe prevalence of bacterial, candida and trichomonas was determined.Results: The overall prevalence of vaginitis was 32 percent (189 cases). The age of infected individual was 37.24±9.9 years. The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis 29% (172 cases), candida 4.25% (25 cases) and trichomonas was. 34% (2 cases).Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and a low prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis. Due to adverse outcomes of disease, there is a great need for public education regarding implementation of personal hygienic measures and prevention of inappropriate sexual contacts.

Introduction: In the present study, various formulations of cationic liposomes were designed and prepared using different cationic lipids. It was performed to assess the physicochemical properties, miRNA loading ability and cellular toxicity rates of liposomes in order to use in gene therapy.Methods: Different cationic liposome formulations (F1-F4) containing various cationic lipids, DOTAP, DOTMA, DOAB and DDAB with DPPC, cholesterol and phospholipid DSPE-mPEG were synthesized. Prepared nanoparticles were evaluated in term of particle size, polydisparity index, surface charge and cytotoxicity for 48 and 72 h in two cell lines. By using gel electrophoresis, the ability of synthesized cationic liposomes to entrap miRNA was also compared.Results: All formulations were mono-dispersed. The particle size in F1, which contained DOTAP was lower than others (F2-F4) and its surface charge was more than them. Cationic liposomes based on DOTAP had no significant cytotoxicity as compared to other formulations. Also, F1 formulation was more capable to entrap miRNA than other formulas.Conclusion: DOTAP-based cationic liposomes can be used efficiently in the gene therapy process, especially for the transfer of miRNA as a new therapeutic agent in cancer therapy.

Introduction: Sex hormones’ fluctuations during the menstrual cycle, influence asthma and lung function.Information on the changes in exercise-induced sex hormones in mid luteal phase associated with lung function changes is not available. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the regular aerobic exercise on the lung function indices and serum levels of sex hormones in the mid luteal phase of asthmatic women.Methods: The present study was a semi-experimental.twenty-four women with mild to moderate asthma and regular menstrual cycles were enrolled in this study in two exercise (n=13) and control (n=11) groups. The exercise group participated in three sessions (evening) /week of aerobic exercise training for three months. The mid-luteal phase was determined as seven to eight days after ovulation by Ovulation Strip Test (Max14). Before and after protocol and in mid luteal phase, variables were measured. The research data were normalized by Jarque-Bera test and analyzed using the dependent and independent t tests as well as Pearson’s correlation coefficient.Results: Twenty-one participants (12 in exercise and 9 in control groups) completed the protocol. After threemonths exercise training, lung function indices, including %FEV1, FEV1, FVC, and PEF increased in the exercise group compared with the control group (p<0.05). There was not a significant correlation between the changes of sex hormones with increases of the lung function indices (p<0.05).Conclusion: The present study indicates that the regular aerobic exercises improved pulmonary function independent of the sex hormone changes in asthmatic women.

Introduction: Sleep quality and quantity impacts on the mental and physical health. With age, major changes in sleep pattern and structure occure that causes sleep disturbances and frequent complaints resulting from it. The aim of this study was to determine the quality of sleep, and sleep disorders and management of them in the elderly of Yazd city.Methods: In a cross-sectional analytical study, 200 elderly aged 60 years and over were randomly selected from Yazd health centers. Demographic and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaires were used to collect data from the elderly face to face. After collecting data using SPSS version 22 and descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, t-test and ANOVA were used to analyze the data.Results: The average age of elderly was 67.9 ± 6.6 years.50.5 percent of elderly were women, 23.5 percent were illiterate, and 69 percent were married. The average sleep quality score was 7.76±3.13. Sleep quality was related to marital status (p=0.006), education (p; 0.001), chronic diseases (P=0.043), employment (P=0.029) and income (P=0.001). The most common methods for managing the sleep disorders were sleep hygiene (70.5 percent), cognitive method (63.4 percent) and using sleeping pills (28.6%).Conclusion: According to the results this study, sleep quality is poor in elderly of Yazd city. Health promotion interventions are needed to improve the quality and quantity of sleeps in the elderly.

Introduction: Breast cancer remains the prominent cause of mortality in women. Several biomarkers are used to evaluation the response and targeting to therapy. Tumor suppressor candidate 1 (TUSC1) gene was newly identified as a probable tumor suppressor in human cancers. Nevertheless, the expression and potential function of TUSC1 in breast cancer stay undecided. Therefore, this study aimed the evaluation of TUSC1 gene expression in breast tumor samples.Methods: In this case-control study, 40 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tumoral of breast cancer and 40 healthy tissues were enrolled. Followed were informed consent and completing clinical information for all samples. Total RNA was extracted and complementary DNA (cDNA) was synthesized. The relative gene expression was determined using quantitative real-time RT PCR (qRT-PCR) and evaluated by 2-DDct method.Results: The expression of TUSC1 gene was lower in tumor tissue compared to the healthy tissue adjacent and it was statistically significant (P=0.0003). Also, in metastatic state gene expression significantly decreased (P=0.027).Conclusion: Our study revealed that the expression of TUSC1 is lower in breast cancer. Subsequently, using considering all the data about the expression of TUSC1 gene from some cancers (e.g. Lung, Hepatocellular and gastric), it could be suggested that the TUSC1 gene might act as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer and influenced in metastasis. Therefore, supplementary studies should be done to elucidate the exact mechanism of action of the gene in tumor-genesis.

Introduction: The long-acting anticholinergic Tiotropium, which used in the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, prescribed once a day, unlike other bronchodilators that used several times a day for patients. The study was a systematic review that examined the effectiveness and safety of b2 Agonists and Tiotropium in the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods: RCT (randomized controlled trials) and CCT (controlled clinical trials) studies that compared Tiotropium and b2 agonists extracted from PubMed, SCOPUS, Ovid Medline and Cochran databases regardless of the time limitation were studied. Only studies were reviewed that were in English. In total, eight articles have been evaluated. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA software Conclusions: The results showed less efficacy based on two outcomes include FEV1 (Forced expiratory volume in 1 second) and FEV1 / FVC, and a little higher efficacy based on other outcomes such as (FVC). In terms of safety it can be said, the overall incidence of adverse events in both treatments was the same and it has been reported from moderate to severe according to the findings. Mostly, serious side effects were in form of intensifying attacks. The percentage of patients with severe complications in the Tiotropium group were less than Salmeterol group (0.9 vs.3.1%, p=0.04). In addition, a limited number of deaths observed in both treatment which were often unrelated to the applied treatment.Conclusion: The results showed that Tiotropium treatment compared to β2 agonists was superior to safety. On the other hand, it showed less efficacy in the efficacy outcomes (FEV1 and FEV1 / FVC), and in the case of (FVC) effectiveness at a higher rate.

Introduction: Coronary heart disease is the most common cause of myocardial ischemia. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of resveratrol and aerobic exercise together and singularly on some cardiovascular risk factors in rat model of acute heart failure due to isoproterenol application.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 46 male Wistar rats were divided into five groups randomly as follows: the healthy control (CON), isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction without implementation (ISO), resveratrol treated rats (ISO+RES), exercise treated rats (ISO+EXE) and combination of resveratrol and exercise groups (ISO+RES+EXE). Rats in the resveratrol groups received daily dose of 25 mg/kg/bw of resveratrol and exercise groups ran 1 h/d and 8 weeks on treadmill. Subsequently, all animals received subcutaneous isoproterenol on two consecutive days at the end of experiment. Then, animals anesthetized and blood samples were collected for analysis.Results: The results showed that pretreatment with a combination of resveratrol and aerobic exercise led to a significant reduction in troponin-I in the animals. Also, exercise training, resveratrol and combinations of them were prevented the increasing CRP indices, but there was not significant effect in these groups (P>0.05). Pretreatment with exercise training as well as combination of resveratrol and exercise training caused a significant decrease serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were compared to the isoproterenol group (P£0.001). Pretreatment with resveratrol, exercise training and a combination of both significantly increased in HDL-C and pretreatment only in mixed group led to significant decrease in LDL-C compared to the isoproterenol group (P=0.001).Conclusion: Regular exercise and resveratrol supplementation is likely to be effective on cardiovascular risk factors and the combination of the two variables in the prevention of inflammation and will have a significant role in heart damage caused by myocardial infarction.