Journal of Multidisciplinary Care
Year:2020 | Volume:8 | Issue:4|Papers Count:8

Background and Objective: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a prevalent psychiatric disease characterized by repetitive thoughts and actions. The present study aimed to assess the effects of cognitive rehabilitation on OCD symptoms and the brain wave pattern of the patients. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on all the patients with OCD referring to the psychiatric centers in Tabriz, Iran in 2019. In total, 30 OCD patients were selected after the confirmation of psychiatric diagnosis and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. Both groups were evaluated in terms of the F4 region alpha and theta waves and OCD based on the Yale-Brown Obsession Questionnaire (pretest). The patients in the experimental group received cognitive rehabilitation and training for 12 sessions (60 minutes each). The tests were repeated to determine the differences in the study groups (posttest). Results: Cognitive rehabilitation reduced the symptoms of OCD, as well as the alpha and theta waves in the F4 area (score: 93. 84), which was considered significant (P<0. 1). However, the posttest score had no significant difference with the pretest score in the control group, while the posttest score was significantly different with the pretest score in the experimental group. Conclusion: According to the results, cognitive rehabilitation could be an effective approach to the treatment of OCD.

Background and Objective: Several physical and psychological factors may decrease the quality of life in patients with myocardial infarction. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of multimedia education based on the family-centered approach and telephone follow-up (telenursing) on the quality of life of patients with myocardial infarction after discharge. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients with myocardial infarction admitted to the CCU of Hajar Hospital in Shahrekord, Iran in 2019. The patients were selected via convenience sampling and randomly divided into the intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, a workshop was implemented through multimedia software for the patients and their active family caregivers. The intervention was performed by the researcher for one month. The control group received no intervention. Quality of life was assessed before and one month after the intervention using the Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 21 at the significance level P<0. 05. Results: Before the intervention, the mean score of quality of life in the control and intervention groups was 2. 94± 0. 31 and 2. 910. 43± , respectively, which was not statistically significant (P=1). After the intervention, the mean score of quality of life was 2. 860. 22± and 4. 860. 51± in the control and intervention groups, respectively, which significantly increased in the intervention group (P≤ 0. 001). Conclusion: It is recommended that educational interventions be incorporated in to the treatment protocol of patients with myocardial infarction with the participation of their families and regular follow-up.

Background and Objective: Pruritus is a common disruptive symptom in hemodialysis patients and those with chronic renal failure. Although pharmacological treatments could partially reduce pruritus in hemodialysis patients, the definitive treatment remains challenging in these patients. Several studies have been published in this regard, while no reviews have been focused on these articles. The present study aimed to review the topical treatments for pruritus. Materials and Methods: This review study was conducted on the Persian and English articles published during 1987-2018 via searching in databases such as SID, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Barakat Knowledge Network System, Elsevier, Springer, Web of Science, Magiran, HerbMed, and Biomed Central. In total, 217 articles were retrieved, and 63 articles were initially selected after screening the titles, and 12 articles were eliminated after reviewing the abstract. Among the remaining articles (n=51), the original texts were assessed, and 20 studies were excluded due to irrelevance to the research subject. Finally, 31 articles were reviewed using the Jadad checklist, and 25 articles had good mean (scores above 3), which were included in the study. Results: The most effective topical treatments reported for hemodialysis patients include the use of emulsions, gels, ointments, creams, oil, and lotions. A review of these studies indicated that ointment is most effective in relieving itching, followed by creams, gels, oils, and lotions, and emulsions, which are also helpful in reducing itching in hemodialysis patients. Conclusion: According to the results, the use of topical remedies (e. g., herbal oils, gels, ointments, creams, emulsions, and lotions) could be effective in the treatment of itching in hemodialysis patients, and these methods are highly recommended in this regard.

Background and Objective: Myocardial infarction is a prevalent cardiovascular disorder in Iran. Considering the complications of myocardial infarction that affect every aspect of the patients’ life, the quality of life of these patients is of utmost importance. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of an intervention based on the BASNEF model on the quality of life of patients with myocardial infarction. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on patients with the first myocardial infarction, who were admitted to Ayatollah Kashani Hospital and Hajar Hospital in Shahrekord, Iran during 2018-2019. In total, 80 patients were selected via convenience sampling and randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. The intervention consisted of three 45-minute training sessions and three months of follow-up, which were implemented individually for each participant. The control group received routine care. Data were collected using the Ferrans and Powers quality of life questionnaire. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 18 using independent t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: No significant differences were observed between the intervention and control groups in terms of the demographic variables. In addition, the patients had no significant difference regarding the mean score of the quality of life before the intervention (P=0. 509), while three months after the intervention, a significant difference was observed in the mean score of the quality of life between the intervention and control groups (P=0. 001). Conclusion: According to the results, the educational intervention based on the BASNEF model could improve the quality of life of the patients with myocardial infarction.

Background and Objective: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major health concern, which is associated with high mortality and morbidity and treatment costs. Although prevention is considered a priority is in this regard, there are no specific standards in Iran based on the specific conditions and care culture for the prevention of pulmonary embolism. The present study aimed to develop national standards of nursing care for the prevention of VTE. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, the care standards for the prevention of pulmonary embolism were extracted from valid references. At the second stage, a checklist was prepared, and its validity and reliability were confirmed. Finally, the Delphi technique was used to finalize the respective checklists at the first stage by 12 experts and the second stage by 120 experts, with the consensus of over 70%. Data analysis was performed in SPSS. Results: The obtained results were finalized in four phases. The first phase was patient evaluation (four standards in the form of 67 checklists), the second phase was prophylaxis (three standards in the form of 22 checklists), the third phase was drug management and preventive measures (two standards in the form of 24 checklists), and the fourth phase was the nursing process (four standards in the form of 155 checklist). Conclusion: Based on the results of the third stage, the standards with lower consensus than 70% were eliminated, and the standards with higher consensus than 70% were established. It is hoped that these standards would improve the quality of nursing care and contribute to the prevention of pulmonary embolism in Iran.

Background and Objective: Spinal cord injury is an acute, debilitating event, which leads to significant and permanent changes in the life of the patients. The present study aimed to determine the predictive power of the dimensions of the Pender health promotion model in relation to the daily activities of patients with spinal cord injury in Shahrekord, Iran in 2019. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 70 patients with spinal cord injury in the teaching hospitals of Shahrekord in 2019. The patients were selected via census sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire based on the constructs of the Pender model and a standard questionnaire of daily activity measurement. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 21 using descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: The mean scores of daily activity and health promotion were 10. 03± 4. 50 and 127. 46± 24. 19, respectively. The results of the Pearson correlation-coefficient test indicated significant associations between daily activities and the constructs of the Pender health promotion model, including spiritual growth, health responsibility, physical activity, nutritional status, interpersonal relations, and stress management (P<0. 05). In addition, the results of the regression analysis indicated the predictive power of the Pender pattern items to be 0. 542, while the predictive power of the spiritual growth dimension was higher than the other dimensions. Conclusion: According to the results, the level of health promotion behaviors in the patients with spinal cord injury was moderate, and the spiritual growth and stress management dimensions were the strongest predictors of daily activities. Therefore, it is recommended that interventions based on health promotion lifestyle be implemented in order to enhance the daily activities of these patients, with the main focus on planning on these two dimensions through the six constructs of the Pender health promotion model.

Background and Objective: Effective communication requires proper communication skills. Improving the quality of communication skills is considered to be a global issue. The present study aimed to design, implement, and evaluate a communication skills programs for nursing students. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted using the consensus method on 52 fourth-year nursing students in the six steps of Kern. In the first and second stages, the needs of the students were assessed via focus group analysis and interviews. Correspondingly, the third step involved setting goals, including the clarification of the importance of communication skills, applying various communication models, performing various scenarios in apathetic, sympathetic, and empathetic roles, and determining the planning approach for parental meeting. In the fourth stage, various methods (e. g., slides, scenarios, and role-playing) were applied as the effective strategies to achieve the goals. The processes were carried out in the clinical rooms of the Department of Nursing and Midwifery. In the fifth stage, various scenarios were performed by the students, and in the sixth stage, the applied communication skills by the students were evaluated based on a quasi-experimental method. Data analysis was performed in SPSS using dependent t-test. Results: The mean score of all the communication skills of the student was 5. 95± 3. 72, which increased to 13. 93± 3. 03 after the intervention, and the difference in this regard was considered significant (P≤ 0. 001). Conclusion: According to the results, the applied communication skills program could enhance the communication skills of the nursing students. Therefore, it is recommended that communication skills be integrated into the nursing curriculum to help nurses have proper interactions with patients.

Background and Objective: Nurses are the largest group of healthcare providers whose performance may be affected by the quality of work life and associated components. The present study aimed to investigate the correlations between the value and cultural orientations and satisfaction of nurses with the quality of work life in the hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Shiraz, Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 351 nurses in Shiraz, who were selected via stratified random sampling. Data were collected using the value and cultural orientation questionnaire by Torkzadeh and Savab (2013) and Cyrill quality of life satisfaction questionnaire (2006). Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 22 using univariate t-test, intra-group variance analysis, Bonferroni post-hoc test, and multivariate regression. Results: In the viewpoint of the nurses, satisfaction with the quality of work life was above average, while below the desired level (P<0. 0001). A significant difference was observed in the value orientation of the mean score of the social dimension in terms of the physical and spiritual dimensions. In the cultural orientation, the mean score of the transcendental dimension was significantly higher compared to the individual dimension (P<0. 05). However, no significant differences were observed between the other dimensions (P>0. 05). Several value and cultural orientations were simultaneously significant predictors of satisfaction with the quality of work life, while the predictive ability was higher regarding cultural orientation. Conclusion: The developing and reinforcing of cultural and value orientations are recommended considering the impact on the satisfaction of nurses with the quality of work life. Meanwhile, cultural orientations could predict satisfaction with the quality of work life.