Imam Ali ΄s Studies
Year:2019 | Volume:10 | Issue:1 (19)|Papers Count:12

This research is based on the letters of Imam Ali (AS) in, Nahj al-Balaghah seeking to identify the indicators and characteristics of the servant leadership from his point of view, So its results will be the answer to the ambiguities regarding what the servant leadership. The present research is aimed at a basic research with the strategy of the thematic analysis method and the thematic network. The findings of the study resulted in the identification of 3 dominant themes, 11 inclusive themes, 45 organizing themes, 119 the main themes and 87 sub themes. (The finding shows that from the point of view of Imam Ali) The results of the research indicated leadership is a category based on the three principles of wisdom, faith, and behavior. The practice and leadership behaviors also include six areas of God-centrism, reason-centrism, insight-centrism, moral-centrism, favor-centrism, and Procedure-centrism. The Leadership of the Imam Ali is the Leader of the Servant based on divine faith and divine episteme. Service and serving in his leadership method is a focal point in focusing on educating followers, especially leaders, managers and agents.

Human beings and human beings are among the gruesome punishments being carried out today in the name of Islam and Muslims by the ISIS Takfiri terrorist group. The Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant has tried to take such action, citing the past and the Sahabi, and at the head of them Imam Ali (AS). The question that arises here is whether Imam Ali (AS) has basically done so? ! And does such a punishment apply to a person or persons in breach? The present study, using a descriptive-analytical method, has examined this issue in the narrations and believes that by looking at narrative books, both Shi'a and Sunni, there are traditions that the superficial understanding of them can provide a reason to claim. ISIL, but the hadith family believes that the burning was generally after the strikes.

Imam Ali (A. S. ) described the ant and the grasshopper's magnificence of creation in sermon no. 227 of the Nahj al-Balagha and calls for thinking about their creation. Any entomologist or zoologist may ask himself about the accuracy of these statements, when reading these statements and who is the first one that described these insect such exact. Mentioning to some parts of ant's body, he tells us about the existence of ears on the head of ant. Historically, in the 1997, after discovering a stridulatory organ in an ant species, sound use for communication with together in the ants proved. But, his statement many years before beginning of the scientific study on this creature is a sign of his miracle. Afterwards, explaining the grasshopper's body, he pointed to the hidden ears in its body. Historically, I find it the first written notion of hearing in grasshoppers. This statement without any scientific study and many years before invention of worsening instruments is a sign of his miracle. More study on this sermon in the Nahj al-Balagha and other sermons may discover more miracles of Imam Ali (A. S. ).

Criticism of translation is one of the most important areas of translation studies, and criticism of the translation of sacred texts is one of the most difficult. The present study intends to study the rhetorical and ideological layers in the letter of Nahj al-Balaghah 28 based on layered stylistic theory and compare it with its translation, to determine how the translator deals with the rhetorical and ideological features of the text. What this research has accomplished proves that the translator has made numerous changes in the structural, linguistic, musical and interpersonal rhetoric. These changes are, above all, due to the translator's intent on imaging and prostration. Also, the martyr translation of the source text has more to do with ideological positions, especially in changing the forms of the unknown.

Undoubtedly, the use of modern linguistic theories for the analysis of religious texts can pave the way for a better understanding of such texts. Among the new theories which today have a special place and wide application in text analysis and other linguistic areas, is Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) of Halliday and Matthiessen (2014). According to this theory, the structure of language is influenced by the functions that language plays in the communication context and in the outside world, and this effect is manifested in the form of three broad metafunctions: ideational, interpersonal and textual. Since the emphasis of interpersonal metafunction is on the way of exchanging meaning between the speaker and the audience, its application in the analysis of religious texts, while making a better understanding of such texts, can be an appropriate benchmark for assessing the ability to generalize this theory. Therefore, using a descriptive-analytical method in terms of the Systematic Functional approach of Halliday and Matthiessen (2014), the present study aims to analyze one of the most famous sermons of Nahj al-Balagha, i. e. Shaqshaqiya Sermon. The main results of the research show that, despite the dominant frequency of indicative mood, Imam Ali (AS) throughout this sermon has somehow acted in the exchange and transfer of meaning as if both sides of the interaction engage in the construction of the text, thus avoiding any kind of one-sidedness and unilateral. Moreover, since the sermon has been delivered by the motive and the purpose of establishing the right of the caliphate by Commander of the Faithfu.

Semiology and signs are observable and tangible phenomenons which represent an absent phenomenon to which they have a relation. Nahjul Balaqa is a book of advice, morals and psychology that has been flown through the tongue of Imam Ali (as). This book consists of moral and religious messages toward different groups of people and many scholars have tried to deliver its meaning in Persian and Arabic literature in a very admirable way. This research will try to study the social semiology process in Nahjul Balaqa and its results by a descriptive-analytical method. The different characteristics of social semiology have been illustrated in this book through different Norms and identities like: nourishment, language, gestures, names, uniforms, etc. all these elements were illustrated in different ways which shows the diversity of signs and the spectacular attention of Imam Ali (as) to these social and cultural concepts. Cultural confrontation and using different methods of linguistic and non-linguistic in forming different personalities are so obvious. Class disparity between poor and rich people in food, clothing and housing are among the subjects that we will discuss in this paper.