TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT STUDIES
Year:2020 | Volume:- | Issue:56|Papers Count:6

Useing of spatial analysis methods in traffic accident analysis is highly regarded by researchers, planners and policymakers. But in Iran, planners and policymakers rarely pay attention to it. This study has identified the methods and techniques in traffic safety studies using the meta analytical method and aims at identifying the most widely used methods in the spatial analysis of traffic accidents. Using 50 samples, The used indicators in this research were the number of authors, disciplines, number of contributions, intra-urban or intercity areas, methods and techniques of spatial analysis, and the fields of application of each study were extracted. The findings showed that eight groups from different disciplines, including civil Engineering / Transportation / Traffic, Geography, Mapping / GIS, and Medicine / Public Health, collaborated on the researchs. More than 20 techniques have been used in seven different methods in spatial analysis of accidents. The most widely used methods were density analysis, cluster/outlier and hot spots analysis, and the most widely used techniques were kernel density estimation, cluster/outlier analysis with local anselin Moran's I and analysis of hot spot analysis using Getis-Ord GI*. The greatest application of the results of the researched studies has been in the field of identifying the critical areas of accidents. It was found that among the three most widely used techniques, the rate of using cluster/outlier analysis and kernel density estimation techniques in the intra-urban area was about twice that of the intercity roads.

Traffic police-Rahvar-considers the most important step to reduce road accident statistics, such as road improvement and road and pavement safety, improved vehicle safety, tougher law enforcement and public education. Concentrate to road conditions is one of the most important factors in controlling accidents. The use of public transport has always been the focus of traffic authorities to reduce traffic volume. The present study is an applied research and in terms of method, it is descriptive-survey. In this study, a number of public transport drivers' views were collected and analyzed using a questionnaire and the method of reaction to city pavement distress was analyzed. The findings were obtained by statistical modeling with the data grouping technique in related software; which emphasizes the impact of their driving experience on the pavement repair priority of public transport routes. In the case of bus drivers, more than 55% agreed with the patience and waiting for urban road pavement maintenance. Summing up the results of this study, the attention of urban authorities to the issue of the quality of the routes and pavement condition used by public vehicles is emphasized. Also, attention to the training of public transport drivers to modify behavior patterns by managers associated with police cooperation is one of the requirements for improving arrangement and traffic management According to the respondents, the most damage at the intersection is observed in the procedure of urban streets, in other words, the most adverse psychological impact on drivers is the pavement failure at the intersection.

Unrealistic (fake) accidents are one of the main problems for accident experts, the judiciary, insurance and forensic medicine in Qom province. Fraudsters and profiteers have created unrealistic accidents every time with new methods and patterns in order to achieve illegitimate financial interests. And by causing bodily harm and filing lawsuits and going to forensic medicine centers, they make big and illegal money. The aim of this study is to identify effective methods for identifying unrealistic accidents using surveys of accident experts and insurance damage assessment experts. The present research is a field exploration. Due to the fact that the methods and objectives of unrealistic accidents were investigated based on the suggestions based on the obtained analysis. The statistical population of this study is 90 accident experts and 10 insurance damage assessment experts in Qom province. By reviewing and analyzing the researcher-made questionnaires and assessing the significance level or sig by the T-Student test The results of the present study indicate that people without a driver's license and violating sketch documents Medicine is the most common cause of unrealistic accidents. And they receive the ransom. The results of the present study also show that modern equipment has the greatest impact on the detection of unreal accidents And in the next ranks, respectively, the integrated accident and training system of experts have the greatest impact on identification. And in the last rank, up-to-date forensic equipment has the least impact compared to other methods.

Traffic violations among motorcyclists are one of the main issues in traffic. Research shows that their unsafe driving plays an important role in traffic accidents. This situation has been unfavorable in the city of Isfahan which has been declining over the past two years. The aim is to investigate the factors affecting the reduction of casualties in the city of Isfahan. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on the collection of field information. In this study, 30 police personnel and 70 motorcyclists were studied. 23 people were also selected for the interview. The main tool is questionnaire and spss software was used. The results show that rockabilly violations have declined over the past two years. Among the violations, the first rank is related to the reduction of dramatic movements with an average of 1. 83 and the reduction of the number plate with an average of 1. 85 is in the second rank. An examination of the factors affecting the reduction of accidents shows the cultural-educational plan with an average of 4. 59 is in the first place. Examination of the results shows that educational-cultural measures to offending riders with an average of 4. 52 are known as the first solution. The trend of low-speed violations is declining and educational factors have had the greatest impact on reducing reactive violations. The use of low and controllable speed at the accident site with an average of 4. 46 is considered as the most important factor in reducing the number of motorcyclists killed.

Urban transportation is one of the most important and fundamental issues in urban planning. Today, given that sustainable development is the dominant paradigm of science, the issue of sustainable transportation has also been widely considered by urban planners, policymakers and managers. In this regard, the transit-oriented development approach (TOD) has been proposed as one of the new patterns of urban development. Implementation of the TOD program and projects can solve some of the problems of urban transportation in today's cities. In recent years, the issue of TOD has been considered in scientific circles and its implementation is very necessary for the cities of the country, especially in metropolitan areas. This study aims to identify effective criteria for the implementation of TOD projects in Iran using the meta-synthesis method (synthesis research). The analysis unit in this research is all Persian and English scientific articles in the field of TOD with an internal case study, which have been published in prestigious domestic or foreign journals. First, 34 articles were found by searching various scientific databases and then, with a closer look, the number of articles dropped to 26. We have used “ Sandelowski and Barroso's” seven-step method to analyze selected articles. The results show that the most important criteria for implementing TOD projects in internal research include residential, commercial and administrative density, building density, study area population, cycling status, walking network status, Mixed land use, car parking status, mobility and connection between the pathways and accessibility to public transportation.

The present study was conducted with the aim of pathology of law enforcement in polluting vehicles in Tehran. Research Method The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of heuristic mixed method, first qualitative and quantitative. The statistical population in the qualitative section included experts in the field of traffic and air pollution, who were selected through purposive sampling and 10 people were selected. Also in the quantitative part, including the views of 70 heads and deputies of the Greater Tehran Road who were selected in full and 80 people who referred to the East Tehran Technical Examination Center by simple random sampling using Morgan table 101 were selected, data in the qualitative part were extracted through semi-structured interviews and their analysis was performed by Maxqda software. In the short part, after converting the injuries into items taken from the interview stage using descriptive-survey method and software spss The model derived from the first phase of the research was analyzed by exploratory factor analysis methods. Results In the qualitative part, the initial research model and in the quantitative stage, the final research model were identified and all the dimensions of the extractive foundation data model were explained. Conclusion The results of this study show that the most important injuries in the three branches of behavioral, contextual and structural injuries in 9 components including: managers, organizational climate, lawlessness, motivation and education, political-legal, cultural-social, economic-legal, Financial resources and infrastructure were classified.