Research in Medicine
Year:2015 | Volume:39 | Issue:4|Papers Count:11

Background: Chronic wounds of diabetic patients, which resulted from some impairments including disruption in production and secretion of effective factors in the process of healing is highly regarded. In recent years, many studies have been reported the positive impact of low level laser therapy (LLLT) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their conditioned media (CM) in diabetic wound healing. In the present study we evaluated the combined effect of LLLT and human-bone marrow (h-BM) MSCs-CM on the expression of an inflammatory factor and a growth factor, both involved in wound healing, in cultured fibroblasts at high glucose condition.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) were cultured at culture media with normal and high glucose (as diabetic model) concentrations. Then the diabetic fibroblasts were treated by a laser beam with 0.5J/cm2 and h-BMMSCs-CM, separately and in combination with each other. Finally, the gene expression of bFGF and TGF-b2 were evaluated, using RT-PCR technique.Result: The expression of bFGF, significantly and the expression of TGF-b2, non-significantly were increased in all three treated diabetic groups, compared to the untreated diabetic group. Despite the relative expression of bFGF in diabetic group was 0.47±0.11. It significantly (p<0.05) rose to 1.23±0.35 in laser treated group, 0.98±0.028 in CM treated group and 1.37±0.2 in Lasr+CM treated group.Conclusion: Apparently, by their synergistically effects, using the LLLT and the h-BMMSCs-CM together, positively affect the expression of tropic factor involved in diabetic wound healing.

Background: Recently the role of apelin in improvement of dislipidemia has been known. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of regular exercise-induced apelin on dyslipidemia of type 2 diabetic rats.Methods: Twenty eight diabetic male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: Non-diabetic (n=9), control diabetic (n=9) and trained diabetic (n=10). Type 2 diabetes was induced by injection of nicotinamide and streptozotocin. The aerobic training program included 8-week running on treadmill progressively for 45 min at a speed of 24 m/min and a 5% grade. After the period of training, plasma level of apelin and lipids (TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-C, TG and FFA) were measured. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for analyzing data and p<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results: In trained diabetic compared with control diabetic group, a significant increase in apelin, a significant decrease in plasma level of LDL-C, VLDL-C and TG, an insignificant decrease in TC and FFA, and an insignificant increase in HDL-C were observed.Conclusion: Results of present study showed that increase in plasma level of apelin following regular exercise by inhibition of lipolysis and decrease of blood lipids can improve dyslipidemia of type 2 diabetic rats.

Background: Lymph node stromal fibroblasts are interconnected with TCD+4 cells and affect their phenotype and function. Understanding the nature of these interactions under unusual conditions like infections will help to their application in control and regulation of immune responses.Materials and methods: Lymph node fibroblasts were affected in BCG primed immune environment by both in-vitro and in vivo method. Fibroblasts isolated through enzymatic digestion and surface markers and co-cultured with spleen isolated naive T cells for -72 hours in a cell-to-cell contact manner. Then naive T cells were removed and cultured -72hours more and assessed for regulatory T cell marker expression and IL4-, TGF-b1, IL10- and IFN-g cytokine production.Results: Results showed that in in-vivo stimulation method, more regulatory T cells was induced by BCG stimulated fibroblasts compared to non-stimulated fibroblasts. In this method, IFN-g cytokine production was reduced and IL10- and TGF-b1 regulatory cytokine production was increased. In contrast, in invitro stimulation method, regulatory T cell induction by BCG stimulated fibroblasts was significantly less than non-stimulated ones. In addition, both IL10- and IFN-g production was increased that indicate induction of IFN-g producing T-cells.Conclusion: Present study shows that fibroblasts affect regulatory T-cell induction and T-cell function. The result of this effect is dependent to environment. In this study, fibroblasts were isolated from two different BCG stimulated immune environment. They induced more regulatory responses in in-vivo condition and reduced regulatory responses in in-vitro environment. This result demonstrates different fibroblast behavior at different phases of infection.

Background: In the modern world, soybean as a valuable meal is used for providing protein and some essential body needs. The stomach also as a part of alimentary canal has its own role in mechanical and chemical digestion.The objective of this study is evaluation of the effects of soy meal on histological and histometrical features of the stomach and also on biochemical factors of blood serum.Methods: In this experimental study, a total of thirty immature female mice of Balb/C were selected at three weeks of age. Subsequently, on the basis of three types of diets, the mice were divided into three groups as; the group A or control, fed on a diet of full protein, the group B fed on a diet of %40 soy meal and the group C fed on a diet of %20 soy meal. After three months, the mice were anesthetized, and blood samples were obtained from the heart for determining the serum level of some hematologic factors such as urea, total protein, cholesterol and LDL. Then the stomach was removed, some tissue sections were prepared and stained with H& E. After histological study, the stomach was subjected to histometric evaluation. A light microscope equipped with Axiovision software surveyed the histometric data and the thickness of mucosa, submucosa, musculature, also depth of the pits and the number of parietal cells were measured. For data analysis, one way ANOVA was used to compare the control group with experimental groups and Tukey test was used to compare the groups with each other. The significance level was considered as p<0.05.Findings: Soya bean consumption didn’t cause histological changes. In the more precisely histometric study, the results showed that in non-glandular portion of the stomach, between the control group compared with the groups fed on soy meal, there was significant increase in thickness of mucosa in the experimental group B (99.45±676) compared with the control group (77.53±427) and also in thickness the muscular layers in the experimental group C (84.69±233.30) compared with the control group (11.71±104.05), (p<0.05). In the glandular portion also significant increase in thickness of mucosa in the experimental group B (167.02±1041.36) and C (143.32±1331.73) compared with the control group (83.14±615.29), in depth of pits in the experimental group B (14.60±134.53) and C (20.25±154.29) compared with the control group (12.93±94.79), in parietal cells in the experimental group B (4.45±15.66) and C (13.61±30.50) compared with the control group (1.47±9.83) and muscular layers in the experimental group B (53.68±211.59) and C (67.89±195.72) compared with the control group (28.23±155.73) was observed (p<0.05). However, a significant decrease in serum level of cholesterol in the experimental group B (20.53±87.76) and C (16.06±83.03) compared with the control (20.71±117.70), serum level of urea in the experimental group B (10.43±36.23) and C (12.14±40.58) compared with the control group (7.28±65.33) and also LDL value in the experimental group B (470.90±5581.6) and C (479.79±5689.1) compared with the control group (37.64±6907.1) was observed (p<0.05).Conclusion: It seems that long-term consumption of soybean could affect on the stomach mucosa and proliferation of parietal cells and also could decrease the serum levels of cholesterol, urea and LDL.

Backgroundm: Diabetes causes hypertension in most diabetic patients. Hypertension accelerates cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Barberry juice is known to have polyphenol and antioxidant. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of barberry juice consumption on blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes.Materials and Methods: In a randomized clinical trial study, 42 diabetic patients (55.4±7.6) were randomly allocated to either barberry juice consumption (n=21) or the control group (n=21). Patients in the barberry juice group consumed 200 ml of barberry juice daily for eight weeks; no treatment was done on the control group. The questionnaires for general characteristics, and three–day 24h food recall were completed by interview. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were conducted at baseline and at the end of the study.Result: Two groups were equal in sex and age at baseline. The mean body mass index, nutrients and drug intake and physical activity of patients did not change during the study. In the barberry juice consumption group, the mean systolic blood pressure (p<0.0001) and diastolic blood pressure (p<0.03) were significantly decreased compared with baseline. The mean systolic blood pressure (p<0.0001) and diastolic blood pressure (p<0.003) were significantly different between the barberry and control groups after intervention.Conclusion: Considering this study barberry juice may improve hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Memory and learning are the putative targets for the stressors by some biochemical reactions such as glucocorticoid hormones. Intermittent feeding is a kind of dietary behavior with some reported positive efficacy on the various systems of the body. The aim of this study was the evaluation of intermittent feeding on learning and spatial memory in the male mice under chronic stress.Materials and Methods: Thirty-six male NMRI mice were divided in four groups; control and stress groups received enough food and water but intermittent feeding (IF) group and stressed mice plus IF treatment group were under food and water deprivation two hours in a day for two weeks. The stress condition was performed by foot shock electronic during the second week. Subsequently, Barnes maze test was performed to evaluate learning and memory for all groups in third week and the plasma corticosterone level was determined by corticosterone elisa kit.Results: We indicated that chronic stress led to a significant enhancement in plasma corticosterone level but IF could inhibit this elevation in the stressed mice and significantly reduced learning and memory time.Conclusion: The findings showed that IF could improve learning and spatial memory in the male mice under stress.

Background: Concurrent depression has been mentioned as a possible factor which might reinforces relationship between OCD and sexual dysfunction. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate sexual function in OCD patients with and without depressive symptoms.Materials and Methods: subjects were 56 married OCD patients referred to outpatient clinic of Roozbeh psychiatric hospital and three private psychiatric clinics in Tehran from 2011 to 2013. Participants completed demographic questionnaire, OCI-R, MOCI, BDI-II, IIEF, FSFI.Results: 80.6% of women and 25% of men had sexual dysfunction and 82% of patients had depressive symptoms. Comparing sexual dysfunction in OCD patients with and without depressive symptoms demonstrated that mean index of IIEF in erection and satisfaction subscales of men without depressive symptoms (BDI-II index=<15) is higher than those with depressive symptoms and the mean index of FSFI in women showed a marginal significance in pain subscale of FSFI.Conclusions: Regarding to possible role of depressive symptoms on sexual function, sexual assessment in all OCD patients should be considered.

Background: An important part of treating patients is drug prescription and the effects of drugs are mostly related to the type of their usage. Thus, paying attention to the opinions and the expectations of patients about prescriptions prescribed by physicians is very important.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, the data were collected from 196 patients older than 18 years old in health centers of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 1393 by using a questionnaire, including 17 questions with 5 options (very low, low, medium, high and very high), provided information around the opinions and expectations of patients about prescriptions.Results: People were in the range of 19-81 years old. The age average was 36.71±12.91, which included 74.7% female and 25.3% male. About the drug form, the preference was tablet (42.6%). In the case of drug manufacturer, 51.6% of participants cited the upper mean (high and very high) importance.84.2% of participants reported that higher than average they follow the physician’s order in using drugs. According to the proper number of prescribed drugs, 54.6% of applicants preferred physician’s opinion and 34.7% preferred two drugs or less.Conclusion: According to the patient’s point of view in this study, we recommend that once in a while the drug manufacturer ask the patients opinion with the same questionnaire and apply them in their future products. Also, according to the desired form of drug (tablet), the importance of drug manufacturer and the proper number of prescribed drugs in patient’s opinion along with medical standards the physicians will be able to prescribe suitably and rationally. Thus, the advantage of collaboration between patients and clinicians will be the rational use of drugs.

Background: The end result of chronic kidney disease, irrespective of the type of kidney disease including progression to kidney failure and its complications as cardiopulmonary disease. The evidence show that recognition and treatment of this disease is often preventive and delay some complications of the disease and prevent the incidence of end stage renal failure. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of complications of chronic kidney disease in children in Mofid hospital between 1392-1393.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 104 children between 2 months to 17 years old who were admitted in nephrology ward of Mofid hospital. They were evaluated by history taking, physical examination, blood and urine analysis, ultrasound, nuclear scan, and in some cases kidney biopsy according to the glomerular filtration and KDOQI instruction. Patients were divided into 5 groups: results were expressed using descriptive statistics with p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Of the 104 cases, 56 patients (45%) were male and 48 (46%) were female. The age range was 4.9±6.86.37.5% of patients had high systolic or diastolic blood pressure, anemia was seen in 74%, 70% had bone disease and 63% had failure to thrive. The most common etiology of chronic kidney disease was neurogenic bladder and reflux nephropathy in 27.8% and 16.34%, respectively.40% of patients were at stage 4 and 5, 17% at stage 3, 24% at stage 2, and 20% were in stage 1.31.7% of patients had a glomerular filtration less than 15 at the time of diagnosis and 11.53% of patients treated with renal replacement therapy (RRT). During the study, 4.8% of patients were treated with a kidney transplant.Conclusion: It seems that complications of urinary system is high in neurogenic bladder, and the most common complications are urinary tract infections, urinary reflux disease, and end stage renal disease. Troublesome complications, anemia, bone disease, growth failure and hypertension are significantly increased and endanger the lives of children. Therefore, it increases the mortality and morbidity.