Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing
Year:2015 | Volume:10 | Issue:2|Papers Count:12

Introduction: health system costs by several factors, including rising elderly population with chronic diseases is progressively increasing, thus, the efficient use of limited financial and human resources are very important.Goal: review of unnecessary health care cost of eldery patients with stroke in acute care department of fayyaze bakhsh hospital-tehran and camparison with subacutecare unit.Procedure: this research is a descriptive study, that, of the 51 patients admitted to the neurological unit of the FAYYAZE BAKHSH Hospital has been sampling.Results: studies show that the average lenth of stay (l.o.s) was 8.3 days, as well as 30 patients(using expert) need to subacute care, which will result in average l.o.s in acute care and subacute care is equal 001). in addition the average cost of per patient and day. 6.2 and 2.1 days respectively(p-value <0000(ir.rials) and 1.416.000 (ir.rials) that 17% of these .182.hospitalization hn current status respectively 1 costs are transferable to subacute care.Discussion and conclusion: the results showed that, 25% of l.o.s and 17% of the cost of the acute care to subacute care unit is transferable.

Objectives: The present study investigated the relationship between social support and life satisfaction with happiness in home- dwelling older adults in Shiraz.Materials and methods: This was descriptive of correlation method research. In an ex post facto study 379 old adults how were selected using purposive sampling. Completed Philips Social support instrument, Dinner life satisfaction, Joseph & Lewis happiness and depression scales.Results: Results showed that there was positive significant relationship between dominations social support and life satisfaction with happiness. Among dominations social support, friends and family support predicted happiness positively also life satisfaction predicted happiness positively.Conclusion: The high social support and life satisfaction among the elderly can increase happiness among these people. Also, the amount of support which the elderly receive from the family and friends, as well as the rate of their satisfaction is the predictors of the rate of happiness.

Objective: Seniors’ population makes up a large portion of the world population and physical constraints faced by this group affect mental and social aspects of their life. Designing and creating new methods may be a solution through elderly mental and physical support to a more active attendance in the community.Materials & Methods: This article is a qualitative study based on user-centered approach which investigates seniors’ social activities and the related problems by concentration on their outdoor activities and its result suggesting a product for improving them. This study collected data through Distribution of the questionnaire, observation, and interview and documentation participants’ feedback. This qualitative study was conducted in four stages: In the first phase by distributing questionnaires among 42 patients 2: interviewing 19 seniors, 3: feedback and ideas documentation of 19 seniors, 4: Satisfaction survey as the final phase to check the suggested product. 12 women and 7 men participated in the last 3 phases and based on their ideas and also studying related and similar samples, data were collected and practical solutions were proposed.Results: In the first phase the participants stated the shopping as their most significant outdoor activity and it was followed by exploring their favorite places for shopping which were the fruit and vegetable markets. Along with choosing the product related to the shopping process which was shopping bag by interviewing the problems were explored. Revealing the needs of elderly people in order to improve their social activities and designing a product for simplifying shopping daily goods, as their most important outdoor activity are the results of this study. An adjustable, safe and stagnate product by design can increase the satisfaction feeling by using the product and also reduce the dependence and need to the others.Conclusions: considering seniors’ problems thorough shopping, a solution in product design is proposed to facilitate them with some of the difficulties such as forgetfulness. For the future research considering the anthropometric measures to adjust the proposed solutions with the specific needs of users is foreseen. On the other hand studying the habits and behaviors which may cause damage to the elderly group while shopping and ease them by product design may increase the activities quality in a meaningful way.

Objectives: The aim of this study was comparing the mental health and its subscales between elderly men in athletes, active and passive groups. Therefore we have taken 150 elderly men in three groups of athletes active and passive and proceed to complete questionnaires.Methods & Materials: This is a correlation study and for comparing the mental health we have chosen the GHQ-28 questionnaire. Also to assign aging people in two groups of active and passive, we have used the Yale physical activity questionnaire and beacke questionnaire and also the athletes aged group has been separately selected from the veteran's soccer teams above 60 years. For comparing the group's mean we have used ANOVA.Results: The results of this study revealed that there is a significant difference between three groups in physical activity levels, mental health and it's two subscales as depression symptoms, and social function (P<0.01), Also there was a significant difference between active and passive groups and between athletes and passive groups in physical symptoms, and anxiety and sleep disorder subscales (P<0.01), but the difference was not significant between the athletes and active groups.Conclusions: The results of the study suggest that adapted physical activity programs to the structural and psychological characteristics of elderly men can improve their mental health and lifestyle as much as their physical health.

Objectives: Unfavourable changes in body composition and lipoprotein related to the loss of estrogen levels after menopause. The aim of the research was to study the effect of core stability training on body composition and lipoprotein in menopausal older women.Methods & Materials: The research was a semi-empirical study that was done in 2012. Twenty-three menopausal older women living in nursing home of Shahrood were selected purposively and were divided randomly in to experimental (n=13) and control (n=10) groups. Subjects underwent a supervised exercise protocol consisting of 24 weeks (3 days/week, 45- 60 min/day). In each session, core stability training (strength and endurance) was done for 25-30 minutes. Plasma lipoprotein and anthropometric indexes of obesity consisting of body weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were measured before and after exercise training program.Results: The result of paired t test showed that there was significant difference in WC between before and after the intervention in experimental group (P=0.03). The result of independent t test showed that after training, plasma total cholesterol level was changed significantly between control and experimental groups (P=0.007) and changes in other components of lipoprotein were not significant.Conclusion: According to the results, core stability training could improve body composition and some components of lipoprotein in menopausal older women.

Background: Elderly people are one of the most important groups of whom are at risk of low health literacy outcomes and exposed to many Health Problems due to waste personal independence. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between health literacy and health status of older adults in Kerman-Iran.Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study in which 200 elderly people were questioned in Kerman. Health literacy was measured using the Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (TOFHLA) and health status was measured using the Activity Daily Living tool and 10 questions short form of SF-36. To analyse the data we used descriptive statistics and to study the relationship among variables, statistical tests such as chi square, T test, and one way ANOVA were applied.Findings: Most of the elderly people had inadequate health literacy (52.5%). There was a statistically significant association between health literacy with education (p=0.021) and job (p=0.041) in elderly. Also there was a statistically significant association between ADL with health literacy (p=0.038), but there was no statistically significant association between age, gender, marital status, economical status and physical functional with health literacy.Conclusion: Enhancing health literacy may be an effective strategy to improve elderly people’s health status. According to the results of this study, education and health-promoting behavior as well as improving health literacy are recommended in planning health promotion programs.

Purpose: The purpose of present research was to investigate the effect of low and moderate intensity aerobic exercises on self-concept in older adults.Methodology: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design. The statistical sample included 45 volunteer elderly men with age mean of 58.88±2.70 years old that divided randomly in two experimental groups (aerobic exercise with low and moderate intensity) and one control group. First, all subjects were evaluated by a proficient doctor to confirm their physical and mental health. Also, the maximum heart rate (HR) of subjects was obtained by subtracting one's age from 220. Furthermore, based on aerobic exercise type (40-50% Max HR for low intensity group and 60-70% Max HR for moderate intensity group) the target maximum HR was calculated for each subject. The exercise protocol consisted of 8 weeks aerobic exercises (2 sessions in per week) based on Rockport one-mile walking/running test. With uses specific chest belts, the exercise intensity was evaluated and controlled. All subjects in per-test and post-test stages were completed the Tennessee Self-concept Scale 2 (TSCS2).Results: In pre-test stage, results showed that there were no significant differences between control and experimental groups in self-concept (P>0.05). On the other hand, results in post-test stage showed that there were significant differences between control and experimental groups in this variable (P<0.05). Also, the Tukey Post Hoc showed that the moderate intensity group scores in self-concept was better than other groups (P<0.05). Finally, the low intensity group scores were better than control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Generally, the present research showed that the aerobic exercises with moderate intensity (60-70% max HR) have a positive and significant effect on self-concept. Thus, based on these findings, the aerobic exercises with moderate intensity as a useful method for improve this personality trait among older adults were recommended.

Background: Old age is a period of life in which elderly are exposed to potential threat. These factors lead to decrease in quality of life in elderly. Social interaction is of the factors affecting the quality of life and health in elderly. The purpose of this study was to survey relationship between social integration and health-related quality of life in seniors in Sabzevar city.Method: This descriptive- analytic study was performed on 135 elderly referred to the the healthcenter city of Sabzevar by proportional to size sampling method. Data collection tools included health-related quality of life questionnaire (SF-36), a researcher made questionnaire social integration and demographic information. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, t-test, Mann-Whitney and ANOVA.Results: Average score for the social integration in the elderly was 30.6±9.5 and in the average level. In the elderly men and women respectively was 33.26±9.4 and 27.46±9.6. The health related quality of life was in physical health dimension 10.87±2.65 and mental health dimension was 11.41±2.96. There was a significant positive correlation between social integration and health-related quality of life (r=0.73, p<0.001). Also there was a significant correlation between social integration with the age (r=-0.3, p=0.001), marital status (p<0.001), employment (p<0.001), gender (p<0.001) and education level (r=0.4, p=0.003).CONCLUSION: Regarding the relationship between social integration and health-related quality of life of elderly people, policy makers can perform the interventions in the field of social integration to improve the quality of life in elderly.

Purpose: Today healthcare problems of the elderly has gained new and extensive dimensions in the community due to their increased population. According to statistics, depression is one of the most important psychological problems in the elderly that needs attention. In this regard, this study was conducted with the aim to investigate the effect of recreation therapy on depression in old adults.Materials and methods: The current research is a quasi-experimental study. The statistical community included the elderly aged over 60 years who attended Yas day-care center in Tehran and met the inclusion criteria (n=200). The subjects were assigned to experimental (n=32) and control (n=32) groups randomly.2 persons omitted from control group. The intervention included 10 recreation therapy sessions over 10 weeks which were held for the experimental group. Depression was measured before and after intervention and also two weeks after intervention in both groups. The research instruments included GDS (alpha: 0.9), AMT (alpha: 0.99) and ADL (alpha: 0.93) questionnaires. Data were analyzed in SPSS 18 using statistical tests of Chi-square, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney, Generelized Estimating Equatios Model and Shapiro-wilk Test.Findings: The mean score of depression in the experimental group before intervention, after intervention and in fallow up were 5.58±4.2, 2.59±2012, 3.03±2.2 and in control group were 5.20±3.01, 5.16±2.9, 5±2.8. These results were statistically significant at the 95% level (p=0.001). The results of this study showed that there was no significant difference in the level of depression before intervention between the experimental and control groups (p=0.932), however a significant difference existed between pretest-posttest and pretest follow up in the experimental group (p=0.001, p=0.007). Due to Generelized Estimating Equatios Model in the experimental group there was a significant difference between the pretest, post-test and follow-up (P<0.0001) while there was no significant difference between the pre-test, post-test and follow-up (P>0.05).Conclusion: The findings showed that recreation therapy significantly improves depression in the elderly.

Goal: The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of education of trusting in God’s faith on depression in the elderly men.Method: The method quasi-experimental study and research design was pretest-posttest with control group. The population was the elderly men living in nursing homes in Tehran province. Between the existing hospice, hospice charity Kahrizak elderly were randomly selected. GDS 15-question Form was administered on the 50 of elderly men and the 20 cases whose depression scale scores were 8 and above 8 Selected randomly in both test and control groups of 10. In this study, eight training sessions were held about trusting in God for the experimental group. One week after completion of the group training, the depression, GDS 15 question test on both test and control groups was administrated. Results of tests examined using one-way analysis of covariance (Nkva).Findings: ancova was used to analysis the data. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 16. It was shown that the educational intervention on the subject is significant (P<0.05).Conclusion: According to the study, trust in God is effective in reducing depression and increasing the quality of life for elderly people.