JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PATHOBIOLOGY
Year:2010 | Volume:1 | Issue:4|Papers Count:15

This experiment was conducted to examine the effect of dried aerial parts of the herb Hypericum perforatum (HP) in comparison with an antibiotic (flavofosfolipol) on total antioxidant activity of serum (TAOAS) and humoral immune responses of broiler chicks.The TAOAS and humoral immune responses of broilers fed diets supplemented with 0 (control), 5 g HP/kg diet, 10 g HP/kg diet or 4.5 mg flavofosfolipol/kg diet were evaluated. In this trial 192 one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were weighted and randomly assigned to the 4 treatment groups, each with 4 replicates with 12 broilers. Vaccination against Newcastle Disease (ND) and Avian Influenza (AI) was performed when birds were 9 days old. Atd25of the experiment 8 birds per treatment were injected in the right wing vein with 1 ml 1% sheep red blood cell (SRBC). At d 31of the experiment blood samples were taken, serum was collected and analyzed for antibody titers against SRBC, AI, ND and total antioxidant activity of serum.Result of this experiment showed, that use of 10 g HP/kg diet led to highest antibody titers against SRBC, AI and ND than other groups significantly (p<0.05). The AOA increased in broilers fed diet containing 10 g HP/kg diet than other groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, results of this trial showed that, use of 10 g HP/kg diet improved immune cell function via antioxidants balance.

Thisexperiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of Protexin and Bioplus Probiotics and the mixture on performance, egg traits, biochemical and immunity parameters of blood in laying hens. In this experiment 192 of Hy-Line (W-36) laying hens at the age of 70 to 82 weeks were in a completely randomized design, with 4 treatments and 4 replicate (every replicate consisting 12 laying hens), in total 16 experimental units were used for 12 weeks in a same environmental condition. The results showed that addition of Protexin to diets has significant effects on egg production, egg mass production and feed conversion (p<0.05). The mixture of two Probiotics significantly affected the yolk index, egg shell weight and shell weight/surface area (p<0.05).There was not any significantly difference about blood biochemical parameters between experimental groups. The mixture of two Probiotics significantly affected the percent of hetrophils. The overall results showed that using of Protexin in recommended level has useful effects on performance and egg traits in laying hens.

Nano materials have unique antimicrobial properties. In this study the toxic level of two nanosilvers, with the commercial name of L-2000 and Ls-2000 was studied. The toxicity effects (LD50) and Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC) of silver nanoparticles in Barbus grypus was calculated with intervals of 24 hours.According to static OECD standard method fishes were treated with 8 serial dilutions (in triplicate) of nanoparticles and daily mortality recorded after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, moreover MAC was calculated using Probit software. The results showed that LC50 96h of L-2000 and Ls-2000 in Barbus barbulus were 0.127 and.076 mg/lit respectively.Versus MAC of L-2000 and Ls-2000 in this fish was 0.013 and 0.006 mg/lit. The results showed that both L-2000 and Ls-2000 had severe toxicity in B.grypus but, Ls-2000 was more toxic. These nanoparticles cannot be used in water contained B. grypus.

In this study sixty healthy female and male mixed bred cattle under similar management condition were chosen. Faeces samples were taken for EPG and LPG tests. Animals contamination were confirmed after three faeces tests. The cattle were divided randomly into two groups of thirty each. Group one, thirty cattle, did not receive any treatment. Group (2) was treated by genesis ivermectin pour-on with 1 ml/20kg B.W dosage. In both groups faeces samples were taken 1, 7, 21, 28 days after treatment. Willis method was applied for faeces test, MC-master slide with four chambers was used for counting nematode eggs (EPG) and Stoll method was employed for (LPG) test. The effect of genesis Ivermectin Pour-on on nematodes were determined 28 days after treatment as Trichostrongylus colubriformis (98.94%), Ostertagia ostertagi (99.67%), Oesophagostomum radiatum (99.53%), Cooperia onchophora (98.97%), Nematodirus spathiger (99.05%), Dictyocaulus Viviparus (98.97%).

The common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is an important species for rearing in temperate climate in Iran. Temperature is an important factor which effect immunology response in fishes. Blood factors in fishes can be changed by various temperatures. In this research the effect of different water temperatures (22oC control), (15, 25 and 32oC) on hematological parameters in 24 fishes with mean weight 100±11gr and mean length 21/5±1cm was investigated in this species following acute (12h) exposure. Red blood cell level increased at 32oC and decreased at 15oC when compared to the control. Hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volum (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) in RBC were changed but hematocrit was unchanged at 12h. In acute experiment the number of WBC level increased at 32oC and decreased at 15oC when compared with the control.In general, these results suggest that water temperature depend on time of exposure which influences blood parameters of Cyprinus carpio.

The objective of this study was to determine occurrence and bacterial causes of hepatic abscesses of Azerbaijani water buffalos slaughtered at Urmia abattoir.Post-mortem examination of 1875 buffalos (950male, 925female) showed that 17 (0.9%) exhibited hepatic abscesses. Eight (0.86%) abscesses were found in female and 9 (0.94%) abscesses were found in male. Most of the abscesses were found in the right lobes (82.35%) and in diaphragmatic surfaces (64.7%) of livers. Regarding the presence of abscesses, there were significant difference between different liver lobes (p<0.05). All abscesses were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The following bacteria were isolated: Fusobacterium necrophorum (58%); Escherichia coli (24%), Arcanobacterium pyogenes (12%) and Streptococcus spp. (6%). Results showed that F.necrophorum is the most important bacterial cause of hepatic abscesses and E. coli is the second important bacterial cause of hepatic abscesses in Azerbaijani buffalos in Urmia.

Review of the veterinary literature showed that there is a paucity of information in bovine cardiovascular system. Therefore, two research projects have carried out in our institute in order to provide some more information in bovine cardiology. ECG recorded on a base apex lead from 952 clinically healthy Holstein cattle. This research work revealed that pathological arrhythmias are uncommon in cattle. However, functional arrhythmias are more common (21.21 %). No case of atrial fibrillation and 2nd degree AVB observed in our study in contrast of previous report on high producing cattle. Three hundred clinically healthy cattle chosen randomly from 12 farms auscultated for finding the prevalence of the third and fourth heart sounds and cardiac murmurs. Cardiac murmurs detected in 47.7 % of cattle. All of the murmurs were in the range of functional murmurs as none of the cattle showed any sign of heart diseases. The prevalence of the third and fourth heart sounds among 300 cattle was 8.7% and 29.3%, respectively. This finding is the first report about the prevalence of the third and fourth heart sounds in cattle as far as we can state from the English literature. Our studies in the last 10 years on bovine cardiovascular system showed that clinically healthy cattle might have some physiological arrhythmias and murmurs. Physiological arrhythmias are less common in cattle compared with horses.

Gold fish is an ornamental fish and member of Cyprinidae family, that rearing widespread and cheap in the world comparison with other fishes. The aim of this study, carried out from 2007-2008, was to determine the ectoparasites of goldfish (Carassius carassius L., 1758). To isolate ectoparasites of gold fish and identify them, we survey on 35 farmed fish on this species.In this study, Trichodina sp., Gyrodactylus sp., Dactylogyrus baueri, Dactylogyrus sp. were identified. Totally 31.43% of researched fish were healthy and 68.57% of them were infested by these parasites. On the skin and fins Trichodina with 34.28% and Gyrodactylus with 8.57% were the most and less infestation, respectively. Also on the gills Dactylogyrus with 25.71% and Gyrodactylus with 20% were the most and less infestation, respectively. In this study Dactylogyrus baueri was isolated as a special parasite of gold fish which shows the host specifecity of this monogenea. For the sampling and fixing of parasites Fernando et al method (1972), identification of monogenea Gussev method (1985) and identification of protozoan and myxididea Lom and Dykova method (1992) were used.