Geography and Environmental Planning
Year:2013 | Volume:24 | Issue:2 (50)|Papers Count:16

1- Introduction: Classifications are an important tool in both general and applied climatology. The derivation and application of classifications have considerably increased in the climate research during the last decades, but already in earlier times of scientific evolution, we can find prominent and long-lived examples like the well-known global climate classification. This classification was based on threshold climatically regarding temperature and precipitation. Unlike the threshold classification for applying classification by multivariate analysis the condition of classification should be done without considering objective threshold and base on the self-definitions. In This paper have been classified the sea level pressure and for achieving the most important circulation pattern on the sea level pressure on the climate of Iran. In Iran amply has studied about effective circulation pattern over Iran climatology.

1- Introduction: Human settlement mechanism has a fundamental role in the process of historical development of civilization. In this process, cities as the top level of accommodation have been the focus of this role. Cities are author, expander, and engine of development and they act as facilitator of expansion of development and innovation on hinterlands. Cities, particularly small towns, play carrying role of the economic, physical, social and cultural between regional cities and rural areas.

1- Introduction: Identity is an index of superior quality that appears the nature of a phenomenon. It is obvious that a subject, in the ratio of its needs and desires, determines the objectivity of a phenomenon. Place identity is a kind of human epistemology about surrounded environmental patterns. It has helped him/her to choose suitable place as habitant during the history. Thus, with evolution of his/her experiences has been selected the best suitable places. Place identity, indeed, is a part of substructures of individual identity of human being, and it is also, as the result of general knowledge of men about the physical world that he/she live in it. Geosystems present patterns according to spatial components relationship.

1- Introduction: Analyzing and summarizing data to map or demonstrate the extent, resources and watershed were carried out in a simple or complex series of ecological parameters. In the conventional methods in Iran, such series are called units or better environmental units. The method is based on a systematic analysis, and data analyzing and summarizing are conducted to perform a multivariate evaluation. In this method, considered parameters are integrated, so it will be possible to determine ecological boundaries on the map. In each ecosystem, existence of homogeneity among ecological resources formed the ecosystem elements (Makhdum, 2001).

1- Introduction: In recent decades, the quality of life has been considered as one of the favorite subjects of science, noted the researchers, planners and government. Extensive researches have been done on the quality of life in the world and Iran, much of them in the field of medical sciences and social sciences. However, several studies have been conducted by geographers and related fields, mostly have been concentrated in urban areas and less in rural areas. Thus the rural settlements and the quality of rural life is important, it is necessary to do further studies in this field.

1- Introduction: Alluvial fans are common feature in the hillside of mountain, where that sudden change in slope river bed lead to reduce the flow rate and sediments are left according to size. The most appropriate place for the creation of alluvial fans is located output of the mountains and arrival of water network into plain, vast plains and even in the centers of plains in adjacent terminal basins. In this research was tried to investigate the effective factors on creation of Garmsar alluvial fan.

1- Introduction: Sistan and Balouchestan climate is located in the dry and wild land (Khosravi, 2004:163-187). This climate moves the moist particles in the atmosphere because it is dry, since no other humid weather is being replaced, the relative humidity increases and causes the weather to be dried. In such circumstances increase in vaporization of the weather which cause the soil to have more moisture and prone to wind erosion. Wind erosion destroys the nutritive particles of the soil which are less than 2m such as humus, clay and the soil salts. The wind erosion may move these particles to the remote areas in form of dust storms) Ranjbar et al. 2005:79. The recent studies show that 14 provinces of the country are affected by erosion winds; Sistan and Balouchestan province which is 229174 Hectare becomes the first in this category (Iran Manesh, 2007:26).

1- Introduction: In the point of meteorological view, frost occurs when minimum temperature is below 0o centigrade degree. In total, frosts classified in two groups: a) Radiative Frosts and b) Advective frosts. Radiative frost is the most common form of the phenomenon. Nocturnal long wave (heat) radiation loss from the surface leads to the progressive reduction of surface temperature (and that of the adjacent air) between sunset and sunrise (Oke, 1987; Linacre and Geerts, 1997).

1- Introduction: Desert is one of the formic landscapes in the geomorphology of Iran. In spite of some ideas that consider this landscape unit as a type of wild land landscape, it is a geomorphic landscape itself. About 46.5 percent of the surface of Yazd province is made up of deserts and wild lands. The existence of such an extent of dry areas makes it necessary to pay attention to the potentials of the mentioned regions in the areas of land use planning. Therefore recognition and identification of this landscape and preparation of the development plans for utilizing them is inevitable.

1- Introduction: A review on theoretical changes shows that from 1970s on, the research on "vulnerability" and "disaster" pays attention to the reasons and explanation of socio-spatial differences of the vulnerability degree, in addition to concentrate on spatial distribution of damages and disasters, and they haven't contained themselves with natural forces, damages estimate and emergency response.

1- Introduction: Active faults are located in those parts of earth crust with tectonic movements in the post-Quaternary period and especially in Holocon epoch and are expected to have hazardous occurrences in future. The previous studies performed using geomorphologic indices on the other global parts, revealed the efficacy of them in identification of active faults. There are a variety of discussions regarding selecting and using active tectonic geomorphologic indices, their relationships and analysis procedures of the obtained results.

1- Introduction: Knowing climatic potentials as the background of human activities, constitutes the base for most of the environmental planning and logistics of land; therefore, the majority of the planning of urban development, construction, habitat, architectural, and tourism expansion is perfectly assured when it is accompanied by weather cognition and the use of its various potencies.

1- Introduction: The informality of possession and lack of security in residence are among the characteristics attributed to the informal settlements, as well as, they are a key to other problems’ solutions. This essay investigates some of the typical cases of Iran’s informal settlements, and this intends to find out the possession conditions, as well as, the conditions necessary for the recognition of the informal settlements. The researchers’ question is, “whether the possession and formality problems are observed in all or majority of the study settlements?”

1- Introduction: Today the concept of cites is unimaginable without different green spaces. In cites and specially big and industrial cites green spaces have differ functions. So green space has caused to improve cities environments in one hand and it has been provided appropriate situations for spending free times in other hand. The importance of urban green spaces can not be ignored in cites sustainability, physical and natural effects on urban systems and different ecological, economical and social outputs.