Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Journal of social sciences
Year:2019 | Volume:15 | Issue:2 (32)|Papers Count:10

Introduction: Divorce rate has been growing in recent years in Iran, resulting in an increase in the number of women and men involved with the post-divorce consequences. In the last five years, more than 800, 000 divorces have taken place in Iran, meaning more than one and a half million men and women underwent divorce. A brief look at the literature of this field shows that despite the importance of the family system and the damage caused by divorce, there has been little sociological research in Iran on this issue with the adoption of qualitative approaches, and the few existing researches, all of which have used quantitative approaches, generally focus on negative effects of divorce on children, and little research has been conducted on the effects of divorce on the life of divorced men and women. Thus, the study of how divorced subjects encounter the consequences of divorce and the ways in which they rebuild their lives after divorce is a commonly neglected domain in Iranian sociology. The purpose of this study is to investigate the typology of life reconstruction patterns of post-divorce life.

Introduction: Food and nutrition, whether before or after consumption, play a role of utmost importance in forming and maintaining cultural characteristics of humans. Economic, cultural, and social factors and conditions could affect the access and control of food products as well as meeting various tastes in this regard. Similar to signs, food and the manner of its consumption could reflect cultural implications about humans. Alongside the aforementioned components, gender and power are also considered social factors which influence populations’ foodways, i. e. the types of production, distribution, and consumption of food products. Food and the manner of consumption demonstrate one’ s economic and cultural capitals; albeit they are also linked to the human physique along with cultural significance and implications on another level. As a sociocultural consideration of the human physique, gender is represented within the food system in various ways, exploiting food related capacities to show a cultural reflection of genders in such depictions. As a result, food alongside its significance and implications are constantly present and influential in the modern cultural world. As a general description, the present study seeks to provide answers to the following main questions with focus on the notions of power and gender involved within the food system: first, how do various components of power and gender influence the role of nomadic men and women, regarding the local food system of Lak nomads who live in Lorestan province, Iran, in various stages of food production, provision, and consumption? And second, what are the differences and diversities between men and women’ s power with respect to controlling, providing, and consuming food products?..

Introduction: Through enlisting the help of discursive tools, including media, discourses depict various institutional units, such as family, in a variety of contexts, like that of a television show. The present study aims to answer the following questions. How is the institution of family represented in television series? What discourses are prominent? How do these discourses interact? And what institutional and societal processes do the discourses belong to? The study was conducted using one of the most popular Iranian TV shows, Setayesh...

Introduction: Today, the status of HIV/AIDS in Iran has transitioned from being covert to a centralized epidemic. It appears that the growth in HIV epidemic has been influenced by social changes that have occurred in Iran during recent years. As a social construct, or more particularly, a social stigma, HIV targets the individuals’ social status to various extents. Accordingly, a the question that arises is that considering the acute physical, spiritual, and social issues created by HIV in Iran, how, under what circumstances, and with what extent of knowledge do people engage in risky behaviors that potentially result in HIV transmission? The present study seeks to provide answers to these questions by studying the lived experiences of infected patients...

Introduction: Sociologists attempt to discover social patterns on the generation and distribution of mental health and disorders as they believe social structures of societies such as inheritance and biological features definitely restrict individuals’ behaviors. The stressful experiences leading to mental disorders could be associated with the social structures surrounding individuals as well as the position that they occupy in social structures. Accordingly, social structures can be classified into two general groups: the social stratification system (class, race, gender, ethnicity, and age) and social institutions (social statuses and roles) (Pearlin, 1989). In this regard, examining the social status and role of students who study at universities, seminaries and religious schools with the purpose of identifying their impacts on students’ mental health and disorders, can be considered an important subject in sociology. It appears that given the different social statuses and roles of university and seminary students, their diverse educational backgrounds in seminaries (religious sciences) and universities (nonreligious sciences) as well as being exposed to various stressors, examining the effects of the received stress by these two groups and understanding the moderating variables in this relation (social support and religiosity) could offer a valuable opportunity to observe the direct and indirect impacts of religiosity as a social variable on regulating stressors and, ultimately, the condition of their mental health and disorders...

Introduction: Since the banking industry of Iran is a relatively competitive market and consistently offers diverse products and services to attract new customers and maintain current customers from all banks, there is no high security for the sale of bank products and services, and since this is the result of the loss of current bank customers, banks have to spend a lot on attracting new customers. Designing new products and services is only part of the way to attract new customers and keep current customers, and innovation in providing services, products, and bank programs is another way of attracting and retaining customers. It is obvious that employees are one of the main pillars of achieving these goals. In other words, attracting and educating innovative staff and finding the features and requirements for innovation is one of the most important issues for managers of the banking industry. The ability of employees to innovate in providing services and improving the quality of services and the quality and novelty of the services provided by the banks affect the attitude of customers towards the level of services superior to the other competitors, and it is evident that the lack of attention to this important point means sharing the market and even the organization's downfall...

Introduction: Following their graduation and when accepting their professional role, nursing students enter an environment which involves conditions and values that are relatively different compared to the atmosphere at universities while sensing a large gap in this regard. Subsequently, novice nurses cannot become properly adapted to these conditions as a result of the present contradictions between expectations and the reality of such a work place. The present study was conducted in line with explaining the process of accepting the role of nursing as well as its facilitating and preventive factors through the view of nurses...

Introduction: As a source of cognition, identity is an important concept within human societies. Identity is a mental requirement of humans and a prerequisite to any type of collective life. According to Giddens, modern social entities profoundly influence the identities of people, and nobody is of a single, unique identity. This means that identity flexibility has significantly grown within the modern framework which denotes the emergence of novel platforms for identity genesis. Today, the phenomenon of globalization influences various aspects of cultural life such as gender attitude of knowledge, official education, identity, and lifestyle. In the last decade, without lifestyle and social identity, i. e. without specific frameworks that reveal similarities and differences, people in a society would have been incapable of making significant and sustainable connections among one another. Unquestionably, the expansion of modern lifestyles and its confrontation with conventional lifestyles in Iran have resulted in a set of changes occurring within the cultural identity...

Introduction The New Age spiritualities and their popularity in Iran have drawn the attention of many scholars during the past few years. From the mid-1990s, some signs of spiritual phenomena appeared in Iran whose roots might be traced to the movements of the second half of the twentieth century, especially in Western industrial societies, which were called the "New Age spirituality". This wave spread rapidly in Iran, several books were published in Persian, several conferences were organized, and the communities emerged. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, the present paper is interested in the lifestyle of people in Tehran who participate in the communities of New Age spiritualties, seeking a way of living in which they will be able to combine spiritual practices with prosperity, success, and perfection. We examine the social class, cultural status and activities, and the lifestyle of the members of two communities, one based on a psychological approach and the other one mystical. The aim of this paper is to analyze how social origin and lifestyle of members weigh in motivation for joining these communities...

Introduction: Femininity refers to an identity imposing a set of rules on females. When children become aware of their sexual identity as a male or female, they need to acquire the requisites of this role in order to complete their identity. In other words, they figure out that they should learn about the definitions and parameters of femininity and masculinity to accomplish their gender role. These definitions affect the way people function in different situations of life. Therefore, addressing women's roles in the family and society is a way of understanding the definition of femininity, since femininity is an image that is realized in individuals' roles. It is important to note that the literature has given little attention to this concept from the children's perspective. The patterns of male and female roles are not universal; in this regard, femininity and masculinity vary according to each culture. As such, the conceptualization of feminine and masculine concepts from a child's perspective would facilitate the comprehension of social structures and bring about the possibility of modifying these structures...