Armaghane Danesh
Year:2019 | Volume:24 | Issue:4 (135)|Papers Count:10

Background & aim: Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the most widespread and disabling diseases in the society that causes chronic inflammation of the synovial layer and joint destruction. Numerous pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies are suggested for the treatment of this disease, including radiocinectomy as an effective and safe treatment with beta-particle radiolucent in patients who do not respond to or receive drug therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the histologic evaluation of radionuclide yttrium-90-hydroxyapatite in rheumatoid arthritis induced by rheumatoid arthritis in the rat knee joint. Methods: In the present experimental study, 40 Wistar rats (3 months old) were used by intraperitoneal injection of Enrofloxacin (20mg / kg) for the development of an animal model of rheumatoid arthritis. Subsequently, a dose of 50 microliters of yttrium-90-hydroxyapatite with 100-microcurie activities was injected into the left knee joint of the studied animals. Then, the rate of leakage of yttrium-90 radiotracer after 24 hours and its therapeutic effects were evaluated by histologic findings through specific staining, 2 weeks and 2 months after injection. The collected data were analyzed using Shapiro– Wilk method. Results: Statistically significant changes in parameters such as articular cartilage thickness, chondrocyte count, proteoglycan level, calcium deposition, and knee arthroplasty rate two weeks after 90Y-HA injection showed cellular damage due to particle irradiation. An increase in the thickness of articular cartilage and the number of chondroblasts two months after injection may indicate therapeutic effects of yttrium-90 radiocolloids on the knee joint of rats with rheumatoid arthritis. Conclusion: It seems that radiosynovectomy of yttrium-90-hydroxyapatite may be one of the effective therapeutic modalities in reducing inflammatory factors and improving rheumatoid arthritis induced in rats.

Background & aim: Heart disease is a major cause of mortality in elderly people, and oxidative stress and inflammation lead to changes in myocardium, resulting in apoptosis and cardiac hypertrophy. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of regular aerobic training along with garlic extract consumption on SOD, MDA, CAT, IL-10, and TNF-α levels in the heart tissue of elderly rats with chronic kidney disease. Methods: In the present experimental study, 42 elderly male Wistar rats (48 to 50 weeks old) were selected and randomly assigned to(1) control, (2)Doxorubicin, (3)Doxorubicin-Saline, (4)Doxorubicin-Training, (5) Doxorubicin-Garlic, and (6) Doxorubicin-Garlic-Training (Combination) groups. Chronic kidney disease was induced with a subcutaneous injection of doxorubicin (8. 5 mg/kg). The training program included swimming for eight weeks, three days a week, and thirty minutes per day. Doxorubicin-garlic and combination groups were gavaged with garlic extract (2. 5 g /kg body weight). One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data(p<0. 05). Results: The results showed that eight weeks of swimming exercise and garlic extract consumption and combination of exercise and garlic significantly increased SOD, CAT and IL-10 levels and also a significant decrease in MDA and TNF-α levels of cardiac tissue of elderly rats with chronic kidney disease, but The highest effect was associated with exercise and exercise(p<0. 05). Conclusion: Results indicated that eight weeks of swimming exercise and garlic extract consumption and combination of exercise and garlic significantly increased SOD, CAT and IL-10 levels as well as significant decrease in MDA and TNF-α levels of cardiac tissue of elderly rats with chronic kidney disease. But the greatest effect was the combination of exercise and walking (p<0. 05).

Background & aim: Microbial super antigens have reported in blood and synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients. Whether or not, the presence of these super antigens could provoke the induction of serologic diagnostic factors, including CRP in patients? the purpose of this study was to production and purification one of the super antigen C of Staphylococcus aureus and it ʹ s effect on the induction of CRP in rat Methods: In this experimental study which was performed from December 2017 to September 2018 at the Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences. Twenty Wistar rats weighing 250 to 300 Grams were selected and divided into four groups of 5 members, included. By participated to workshops of animal laboratory control as well as intraperitoneal and intera-articular injection were carried out. Staphylococcus aureus super antigen C was purified by ultrafiltration (Amicon Ultra Centrifugal Filter Device) form 24 hours culture media and use specific antibody for immunoblotting confirmatory was carried out. The protein concentration was measured. 50 micrograms of toxin were injected intraperitoneal and intra-articular into separate rat groups. In time course blood collection and CRP was tested. The results were analyzed. Results: The results showed that 50 to 100 μ g of toxin intra-articular and intraperitoneal after 20 days inducted CRP production at 0. 7 mg. After 40 days, this increased to 2. 2 mg/lit and after 50 days it reached to 4. 5 mg/lit. ANOVA analysis was shown the difference between the groups and with a significant level for groups was P≤ 0. 001 and for the intervals of the effect of super antigen was P≤ 0. 075, respectively. Conclusion: The results indicate that the presence and survival of staphylococcal super antigen C in the body of wistar rats induced the production of CRP factor. Although this finding is an introduction to further research, it is likely to provide new ways to prevent and control inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis.

Background & aim: Failure to observe proper sleep habits causes short-term changes in biological indices, hormonal activity, followed by overweight or obesity and diabetes in children. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of teaching sleep behaviors to mothers on sleep habits of young children kindergartens city of hamadan in 2017. Methods: In the present clinical trial intervention study, 84 young mothers (in each group) were selected by multistage cluster random sampling from kindergartens in Hamadan. Data collection tools included demographic information questionnaire and CSHQ sleep habits questionnaire. In the experimental group, two sessions of lecture, question and answer and group discussion were held for a period of three days, each session lasting 50 minutes in groups of 10-15. Data were analyzed using paired t-test, independent t-test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the mean scores in all domains and in all sleep problems of the experimental and control groups before the intervention (p <0. 05), but statistically significant difference between the mean scores of all the sleeping areas of the experimental and control groups except for time resistance was obsereved. There was a statistically significant difference in sleep after intervention (p <0. 05). There was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group in all domains and in all sleep problems of children before and after the intervention (p <0. 05). Also in the control group there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the domains of resistance to sleep time before and after the intervention (p <0. 05). Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of sleep problems in the experimental and control groups before and after the intervention, therefore, Teaching mothers proper sleep habits can improve sleep quality in young children.

Background & aim: Some epidemiological evidence has shown the relationship between environmental air pollution and adverse health effects. Considering the effect of air pollution on the severity of heart disease the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of daily air pollution on daily cardiovascular mortality in Ahvaz city. Methods: In the present ecological study conducted in 2018, air pollution data was inquired from the Ahvaz Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The mortality data was collected from the Health Deputy of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. Generalized additive models (GAM) was used to analyze the data with different lags of air pollutants for up to 7 days. An increase of 10 units in all pollutants except CO (1 unit) was used to compute the relative risk of deaths. Results: During March 2008 until March 2015, 10625 cardiovascular deaths occurred in Ahwaz, in which 6138 (57. 8%) were male. The average number of daily, monthly, seasonal and annual deaths from cardiovascular diseases calculated 4. 15, 126. 49, 379. 46, and 1517. 86, respectively. Based on the analysis of the generalized additive model, the strongest correlation between NO2 and cardiovascular mortality was seen on lag 6, with a relative risk; RR = 1. 007 and confidence interval; 95% CI: (1. 002-1. 012) for NO2. The correlation coefficient of NO2 with cardiac death was positive, significant and equal to 0. 042 (P-value = 0. 034). No significant relationship was found between the O3, SO2 and NO pollutants with the number of cardiovascular deaths. The increase in PM10 and CO levels had an inverse impact on the increase of cardiovascular mortality; and RR = 0. 998, CI: (0. 997-0. 999) and RR = 0. 989, CI: (0. 979-0. 999) for them, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that NO2 air pollutant is associated with increase cardiovascular mortality in Ahvaz. Reduction of environmental air pollution can be effective in reducing mortality from cardiovascular diseases and better life.

Background & aim: Ear infections are one of the most common diseases among the clients of ear, nose and throat clinics worldwide. Due to insufficient information about the frequency pattern of the causative species in Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad province in southwest of Iran, this study was performed to isolate and identify the bacterial and fungal agents causing the disease in Yasuj. Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, patients with ear infections referred to the ear, pharynx and nose clinic of Shahid Mofatteh of Yasuj during the two-year period of 2016-2017 were sampled by an otolaryngologist. The sample was divided into two parts. Part of the sample was used for direct staining and hot staining (visualization of bacterial and fungal elements) and the second part was cultured in two media of sabouraud's dextrose agar with and without chloramphenicol at least at three points. Phenotypic methods were used to identify bacterial and fungal agents. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical tests including one-way ANOVA and chi-square. Results: Of the 341 patients studied, 40% were male and 60% were women aged 5 months to 90 years. The prevalence of fungal and microbial infection was 75% (46. 5% fungal agents, 23. 7% bacterial agents and 4. 8% fungal and bacterial infection respectively) and the duration of the disease varied from two days to 29 years. The largest age range involved 31-40 (27%). 69. 8% of patients were housewives and 74. 6% had history of manipulating the ear canal with contaminated equipment. Major fungal causes of the disease were in the order of frequency, including Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and important bacterial agents including Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Concurrent infection with fungal and bacterial agents was observed in 16 (4. 8%) patients. Conclusion: Aspergillus niger and Staphylococcus aureus were the most common fungal and bacterial agents that were consistent with the pattern of frequency distribution of factors causing ear infections in Iran. Given that ear manipulation with external devices is one of the most important causes of infection in the present study, providing effective education to citizens can help reduce disease cases. In addition for teaching health tips and treatment, accurate laboratory diagnosis is necessary.

Background & aim: Psychiatric disorder is a disease in which patients suffer from emotional problems that these are visible in all aspect of patient’ s life. So, the aim of this study was investigated the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among patients referred to Farabi Hospital in Kermanshah, 2015-16. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study. The study population consisted of patients admitted to Farabi Hospital in Kermanshah who were admitted between March 1, 2015 and March 2015. Since the prevalence of mental illness in Kermanshah is 23. 5%, with d equal to 0. 05 and confidence coefficient 0. 95, the sample size in this study was estimated to be 275 people. Random sampling, 275 (approximately 10% of each disorder) were selected and evaluated. The information required for each patient was recorded in a pre-prepared checklist for each patient. The distribution of each patient's epidemiological characteristics was determined according to the type of psychiatric disorders. Inclusion criteria included informed consent, patient referral in the mentioned time period and completeness of their medical records in terms of the variables studied, and exclusion criteria included lack of consent, incomplete archival records of patients referring to this time period. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test. Results: The mean age of patients was 39. 39 13 13. 24 years. 98 patients (35. 6%) were female and 177 (64. 4%) were male. Of these, 116 (42. 2%) were married and 130 (47. 3%) were married. Were single and 29 (10. 5%) divorced. The results showed that schizophrenia had the highest prevalence (25. 8%) and delirium (1. 5%) and dementia (1. 8%) respectively. Also bipolar disorder was 19. 3% and depression 11. 3% were other common disorders. Personality disorders and schizoaffective disorders were identified as 8. 4% and 7. 3%, respectively, schizoaffective and Post Traumatic Stress Disorders (6. 9%), respectively. Substance abuse, 4. 7%, obsessive-compulsive personality, 4%, and mental retardation were 2. 2%. Conclusion: Given the prevalence of psychiatric disorders, it is recommended that public awareness be improved to better understand these disorders with the help of mass media, counseling centers, and medical sciences universities. The results of this study can also help mental health planners to design interventions related to prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of disorders. Correspondingly, by raising the level of community awareness and genetic counseling, mental retardation disorder can be largely prevented.

Background & aim: Diabetic patients suffer from a variety of reproductive disorders, including loss of libido and disability in fertility. The therapeutic effects of medicinal herbs have been proven in the treatment of very diseases, including infertility. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Nectaroscordum tripedale on serum levels of sex hormones in diabetic male rats. Methods: In this experimental study, the animals used were 32 adult male rats which were divided randomly into four groups of eight each. The normal control and diabetic control received distilled water, the sham and diabetic treated groups received 50 mg/kg hydroalcoholic extract of Nectaroscordum tripedale respectively. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of streptozotocin in rats. At the end of the 21st day, the rats were anaesthetized with ether and blood sample was taken from the heart. Following luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone levels were measured. The results were evaluated using one way ANOVA and Tukey test. Results: The results of this study indicated that the hydroalcoholic extract of Nectaroscordum tripedale in diabetic treated group increased serum concentrations of LH, FSH and testosterone compared to the diabetic control group. Also results showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of Nectaroscordum tripedale can increase the average body weight in the treatment group compared to the diabetic control group (P<0. 05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that hydroalcoholic extract of the Nectaroscordum tripedale in diabetic treated group significantly increased the activity of pituitary-testicular axis and therefore this plant probably play a role in the treatment of infertility in diabetic patients.

Background & aim: Angiogenesis is the production of new blood vessels from existing vessels. Angiogenesis depends on the balance between its activating and inhibitory factors. Endostatin, a 20-kDa fragment of collagen XVIII, is a member of the angiogenesis inhibitory protein group that inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and migration and tubular-like structure. The use of colorimetric methods by fluorescent probes as a tracer is widespread, so the aim of this study was to determine and detect the binding of anti-angiogenic peptide to human cord endothelial cells using a fluorescence marker. Methods: In the present experimental study, the 27 amino acid fragment of the endostatin protein amino acid domain was labeled with FITC as a fluorescence marker. Gel filtration chromatography with Sephadex G10 was used to separate the bound peptides and finally FTIR method was used to confirm the binding of FITC to the peptide. Human umbilical cord endothelial cells were treated with marker-bound peptides after culturing and studied by fluorescence microscopy to observe peptide binding to their receptor on the surface of these cells. Results: findings by Fluorescence microscopy confirmed binding antiangiogenic peptide to its specific receptor. Various conditions such as concentration, time, and temperature were tested to achieve the proper conditions for marking peptides. Unlabeled FITCs separated by gel filtration Chromatography method with sephedex G10. Human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs) are harvested and treated with conjugate samples (FITC-peptide) from gel filtration chromatography. After the required time, the cells were fixed and the binding of labeled peptides to their receptors on HUVECs was analyzed by Fluorescence microscope. Conclusion: The results of fluorescence microscopy confirmed the binding of this antiangiogenic peptide to its specific receptor on endothelial cells. Different experimental conditions such as peptide concentration and FITC and incubation time and temperature were studied to obtain the appropriate conditions for peptide labeling. Free FITCs were separated by conjugated FITC-peptide samples by gel filtration chromatography. Human umbilical cord endothelial cells (HUVEC) cultured with FITC-peptide conjugated samples were treated. The cells were then fixed and examined by fluorescence microscopy.

Background & aim: Dextrocardia is a cardiac positional abnormality in which the heart is located in the right hemotorax with the apex axis to the right. Dextrocardia is a rare anomaly with a prevalence of about 1 in every 10, 000 people. The aim of this study was to determine and report a pregnancy in a woman with dextrocardia with liver hemangioma. Case Report: A 30-year-old woman, with a first pregnancy, 34 weeks gestational pregnancy, reported cardiac and abdominal visceral displacement. Mild mitral valve insufficiency was reported in echocardiography and in ultrasound, spleen and liver in the left upper quadrant and right ventricle and in the midline (Situs inverse) and an echogenic mass suggestive of hemangioma. The liver is. The size of the hemangioma in this ultrasound did not change compared to pre-pregnancy ultrasound. Also, NT1 ultrasound and normal and fetal scan anomalies showed no abnormalities or displacement of viscera. Conclusion: In spite of the rare occurrence of dextrocardial malformations, thorough physical examination and ultrasound should be performed in such cases and in the absence of syndromic anomalies, they will most likely have a risk-free pregnancy.