Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences
Year:2020 | Volume:26 | Issue:4|Papers Count:10

Background and Aim: Anxiety is one of the most common mental disorders that decrease the quality of life and leads to chronic disorders. Studies have shown that the Mentha Pulegium extract can affect the central nervous system. Due to the side effects of most anxiolytic chemical drugs; this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Mentha Pulegium hydroalcoholic extract leaves on anxiety in male rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male rats were used. Animals were divided into 4 groups (N=6), including control group (untreated) and three experimental groups receiving doses of 400, 800, 1600 mg/kg (rat weight) of Mentha Pulegium hydroalcoholic extract. The extract was injected intraperitoneally half an hour before the test. Anxiety was assessed by using elevated plus maze. The duration and frequency of the presence of the rats in open and closed arms of maze were recorded. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests. Results: The mean percentage of number of entrance open arms and their duration was significantly increased in rat receiving the extract compare than control (P<0. 05), and the duration of presence in closed arm was reduced by the extract (P<0. 05, P <0. 01). Conclusion: According to these findings, Mentha Pulegium hydroalcoholic extract leaves reduces anxiety in rats by dose-dependent manner.

Background and Aim: Along with the effectiveness of the drug therapy, it has been cleared that behavioral interventions and the use of pain coping mechanisms can reduce the consequences of migraine headaches. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of stage of change education based on the use of pain coping mechanisms in female patients with migraine. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, with the method multi-stage sampling was performed on 60 female patients with migraine in the experimental and control groups. Data were collected before and 2 months after training by using demographic questionnaire, Chronic Pain Coping strategies questionnaire, Pain self-efficacy scale, Pain stage of change algorithm and Knowledge scale. The experimental group received 5 sessions of 60-minute group training with targeted educational pamphlet. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 23) using chi-square, paired t-test and independent t-test. Results: The mean incidence, severity, and duration of migraine headaches improved after the intervention in the experimental group (P<0. 05) Moreover, with the exception of the re-evaluation strategy and social support, the mean frequency of all coping strategies increased in experimental group after intervention (P<0. 05). Also, mean score of knowledge and pain self-efficacy was increased in experimental group after intervention (P<0. 001). The rank of the stage of readiness among patients in the experimental group increased after intervention and patients in the experimental group reported active stages of readiness (P<0. 01). Conclusion: Research findings emphasize the effectiveness of stage of change-based education to improve the use of pain coping management strategies and also, reduction of the frequency, severity, and duration of migraine headaches.

Background and Aim: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most important causes of nosocomial infection which has recently received much attention due to its antibiotic resistance. The aim of the present study is the identification and sequencing of blaCTX-M genes in clinical isolates of K. pneumonia isolated from Milad Hospital in Tehran. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, first, antibiotic resistance of 100 K. pnuemoniae isolates to cephalosporins was performed by agar diffusion method; then blaCTX-M group2 and blaCTX-M group9 resistance genes were identified by PCR. Genotyping was performed based on the sequence of these genes and the dendrogram was drawn using the Mega 6 software (version 6). Results: According to the antibiotic sensitivity testing, the amount of resistance to cephalosporins was between 30 and 54 percent. Overall, 5% of isolates had blaCTX-M group2 and 8% of isolates had blaCTX-M group9 as well as, the genotyping results showed that in this study bla CTX-M group2 sequence with the sequences in the global database (NCBI) had little similarity, and the blaCTX-M group9 gene sequence was similar to the bla CTX-M-14 sequence gene of E. coli. Conclusion: However, the frequency of blaCTX-M genes was low in this study, but due to the ability of these genes to spread by mobile genetic elements among enterobacteriaceae, it is considered alarm in the development of drug resistance among K. pneumoniae.

Background and Aim: Considering the cost and some limitations in measuring the percentage of expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1%), This study was performed to determine the relationship between oxygen saturation percentage (SPO2%) with expiratory volume in the first-second (% FEV1) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). Materials and Methods: In a descriptive-analytical study, 25 women and 25 men with COPD were selected by Non-probability and simple sampling from patients referred to the outpatient clinic of Vali-e-Asr Hospital regardless of the severity of the disease. To measure of % FEV1, spirometry method and a finger pulse oximeter to measure SPO2 was used. Statistical tests including Pearson test and independent t-test and linear regression model were used. Results: The mean patient age 63. 18± 10. 47 years, average % FEV1 of 36. 60 ± 16. 15 and the mean SPO2% 84. 20± 5. 35 was respectively. The correlation coefficient between% FEV1 and SPO2% was 0. 36 (P=0. 01). Mean of SPO2% in smokers and nonsmoker was %82. 67± 5. 22 and %86. 50± 5. 29 respectively (p=0. 02). Regression analysis in constant conditions showed %FEV1 By increasing one unit SPO2%, the amount of FEV1% with probability factor of 0. 16 will be increased 0. 36(P=0. 02). Conclusion: The amount of SPO2% significant correlation at the medium level with the amount of %FEV1 and can predict to some extent FEV1%; Therefore, it has been diagnosed in people with obstructive pulmonary disease and it can be used for evaluation and follow-up of patients instead of spirometry.

Background and Aim: Despite the positive effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), these training cause oxidative stress due to high intensity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of HIIT training by using Nano-Curcumin supplement on total antioxidant capacity and Malondialdehyde level in overweight girls. Materials and Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. Accordingly 48 overweight girl students with average age (21. 78± 0. 94 years) and BMI (28. 12± 2. 1 Kg/m2) were entered randomly and equal divided into four groups: training group (n=12), training-supplement (n=12), supplement (n=12) and control group (n=12). Supplemental groups consumed an 80 mg capsule of Nano-Curcumin daily. Training groups, three sessions per week for 6 weeks performed HIIT exercises with 85 to 95% of maximum heart rate. Before and after training and consumption the supplementation, Blood samples were obtained to measure Malondialdehyde indices and total antioxidant capacity. Results: In the present study, there was a significant decrease in Malondialdehyde levels (P = 0. 009) and a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (P=0. 01) in the training-supplement group while levels of Malondialdehyde increased significantly (P = 0. 004) in the training group. Conclusion: It seems, intense HIIT training causes oxidative stress in overweight people, concomitant use of the supplement may possibly improve the total antioxidant capacity in overweight people.

Background and Aim Altmetrics indicators, to measure different aspects of an effect, was created in social media environments. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the altmetrics indicators of Birjand University of Medical Sciences articles registered in Scopus database. Materials and Methods: This research was a descriptive-analytical one which was done by using a scientometric method and using altmetrics indicators. Data collection was performed on 16 July 2019 by searching the titles of articles in Birjand University of Medical Sciences individually in the Scopus database based on plumX indicators (use, acquisition, discussion, social media and citation) and extracted indicators for 2 weeks. Pearson’ s correlation coefficient was used to analyze the data. Results: of 911 retrieved articles, overal 89 percent were shared on social media at least once. The maximum frequency of the index belonged to the reader parameter, which is a subset of the acquisition index. Birjand University of Medical Sciences articles received the most amount of attention in the Mendeley network. There was a significant relationship between the amount of citations of articles and the degree of acquisition (r = 0. 286, sig = 0. 000). There was no significant relationship between the amount of citations received in the Scopus database and the discussion index (r =-0. 048, sig = 0. 820). Conclusion: Altmetrics indicators or alternative metrics can be a suitable complement to citation analysis. Consideration of these indicators in the publication of articles by researchers can be effective in obtaining citation articles.

Background and Aim: Given the increasing divorce rate and vulnerability of divorced women in society, this study was aimed at the investigation adjustment status post-divorce and related factors in divorced women supported by the Birjand-based Relief Committee. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 160 divorced women covered by the Birjand Relief Committee by a multi-stage sampling method in 2018. A demographic questionnaire and the Fisher’ s Divorce adjustment Scale were used for data collection. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version19) and analyzed by independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey post-hoc tests at α = 0. 05. Results: The mean age of participants was 37. 5± 6. 2 years and the main cause of divorce in women was addiction of the spouse (44. 4%). The total mean score of adjustment in women was 331. 1± 56. 3, where 62. 7% had poor adjustment and 37. 3% had moderate adjustment. The mean score of adjustment in employed women was significantly higher than in household women (p <0. 001) and the adjustment score increased significantly as the education level increased (p=0. 027). The results also showed that there was no significant relationship between age, number of child, ex-spouse occupation, duration of the marriage, and years after divorce with post-divorce adjustment. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that divorced women, especially housewives and low-educated women, do not have a good adaptation status, therefore perform the interventions needed to improve the compatibility status it is suggested to officials and planners.

Background and Aim: Determination of antibiotic resistance pattern and awareness of current resistance in each region, it can help to take appropriate therapeutic measures. The purpose of this study to identification of bacterial agents causing infection, and was the determination of their antibiotic resistance in patients admitted to educational hospital of Shohada Qaen, through the years 2018-2019. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, in the period of one year, 1980 samples were collected from patients admitted to educational hospitals of Shohada Qaen. The specimens were cultured in blood agar and EMB, and were incubated at 37 ° C for 24 hours, then the infection-causing bacteria were identified by differential biochemical tests, depending on gram positive or gram negative bacteria. The Disk diffusion method was applied to determine antibiotic resistance pattern, and the combined disk phenotypic method was applied to determine the strains producing e extended-spectrum beta-lactamase enzymes (ESBLs). Results: of 1980 samples collected from patients admitted, 183 bacterial isolates were collected from which 151 gram negative and 32 gram-positive bacteria were identified. The most common isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli with a frequency of 60. 1%, followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella, with a frequency of 11. 5% and 10. 9% respectively. Generally, gram-positive bacteria had the least resistance to Ciprofloxacin and Imipenem and gram-negative bacteria had the least resistance to Amikacin. 44. 7% of the gram-negative bacteria produced ESBL. Conclusion: Antibiotic administration based on the antibiotic resistance pattern can be more effective and useful. The high prevalence of ESBL producing strains indicates the necessity of rapid monitoring and identification of these strains.