JOURNAL OF SCIENCE (KHARAZMI UNIVERSITY)
Year:2010 | Volume:10 | Issue:3|Papers Count:9

In the present study, 55, specimens of Zagros Mountains Calomyscus (Calomyscus bailwardi) were collected by live traps (Sherman traps, Havahart Traps and Locally made traps) from range of different habitats of two localities, Geno Protected Area in Hormozgan Province and Anjerk Prohibited Hunting Area in Kerman Province. These populations were compared according to morphometry and ecological characteristics. At first, four External and 16 cranial- dental characteristics were measured and then ratios of measured characteristics to head and Body length were calculated. The normality of data was computed by using Kolmogorov Smironov test. The results of Independent Sample T-Test showed that there are no significant differences between sexes. Descriptive statistics were calculated for characteristics and ratios. Also, in order to show variation between samples and the significance of external and cranial variables Independent Sample T-test was carried out. According to our field observations, this species is nocturnal. The results of analysis showed that the morphometric characteristics of C. bailwardi populations in these regions are slightly different. The results showed that there are significance differences in six from 20 characters (TL, HS, LCH, LPF, LTB and ZW) and six from 21 ratios (HFL/HBL, TL/HBL, LD/HBL, LTB/HBL, LPF/HBL and LM/HBL) in two regions.

Objective: DNA vaccinations using Her2 gene have shown some success in immunotherapy of Her2-expressing tumors, but the potency needs to be greatly enhanced. Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) have shown to be potent adjuvant in immunotherapy of tumors and affect different aspects of innate and adaptive immune responses. We utilized the adjuvant effect of gp96 and attempted to gain two aims, firstly, production of a construct containing fusion of Her2 and gp96, and secondly, investigation of gene expression in the construct using green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene.

In lizards spermatogenesis takes place in two different ways: seasonal and non-seasonal. In seasonal type usually found in temperate-climate lizards, the process of spermatogenesis is limited to a defined period of the year, whereas in non-seasonal type observed in tropical-climate lizards this process occurs continuously year-round. In this research the spermatogenesis activity was studied in species of Laudakia caucasia occur in central Zagros Mountains. To fulfill this task, we collected 34 specimens of this species from Norabad, Lorestan province, during two seasons of their biological activity. The specimens were then killed and their testes were removed. After measuring the testis dimensions the specimens were prepared for histological observations. The results obtained from morphometric, histometric as well as histological examinations showed that the spermatogenesis in this taxon is seasonal and contains two phases: active and inactive. The active phase which coincides with late spring to early summer is the period in which cells in seminiferous tubules are actively involved in sperm-making process and all shapes of spermatogenic cells are seen within the tubules. During the inactive phase which begins in late-summer and lasts until the next spring, no spermatozoids is seen in the tubules as the process of spermatogenesis has been ceased. However, in this period, the regeneration activity is taking place in the gonad and the animal is preparing for its next spermatogenesis season.

During the last two decades 200 millions of kutum fingerlings were released into the Caspian Sea Rivers annually which supported more than 17 thousand tons of catch yield. Retrieving agents were used by many researchers for homing behavior of fishes. To understand the effects of morpholine on kutum fisheries return rate, this project was conducted from 2004 to 2008 using elastomer tagging method for return rate evaluation. Brooders were selected from Khoshkrud River and breeding were done in Shahid Ansari hatchery, Rasht. Totally 5480 fingerlings (4-5g.) were used for determining the dose effects of morpholine (3 treatments: 5´10-7, 5´10-5, 5´10-2mg/lit) in return rate and homing of fishes. Totally, 505 fish were caught out of which 34 had visible implant elastomer (Abc) tags. Return rate was higher in morpholine treatments (0.32%) compared to controls (0.09%). Results revealed that there were significant differences between kutum return rates exposed with 5´10-5mg/lit (0.62 %) with other treatments i.e.: 5´10-7 (0.15%) and 5×10-2 (0.37%) during the experimental period (P<0.001). There were significant differences in sex ratio [M(1.42): F(1)] in recaptured kutums in Khoshkrud River (x2=6.4 a= 0.05 df=1).Recapturing rate was 6.7 % compare to recapture rate during last 5 year (5%) revealed that morpholine can be used for return rate enhancing in kutum fishes.

Ginger is one of the most valuable medical plants. It is a plant that contains most anti-oxidant such as B, C and E vitamins and this plant is effective in sexual ability. In this research, the effect of ginger extract has been investigated on hormonal axis of hypophysis-gonad and spermatogenesis in immature mice of Balb/C. The used animals were 28 male mice with approximate weight about 15 to 18 grams and with the age about 25 to 30 days. The samples randomly were divided in to 4 groups that are contained control and sham and two treatment groups. Treatment animals, received 50 and 100 mg/kg of mentioned extracts respectively two weeks, intraperitoneally. During mentioned period, sham group received distilled water in intrapritoneally. Control group used of food and drinking water. The concentration of LH hormone serum levels showed significant decrease in treatment2 group and the concentration of FSH hormone also in each two treatment groups in comparison with control and sham groups. The concentration of testosterone hormone indicated significant increase (p<0.05) in treatment2 group in comparison with control and sham groups. Also results indicated that the number of spermatid and sperm cells have significant increase in treatment groups in comparison with control and sham groups. Also results indicated that the number of spermatocyte and leydig cells in treatment group indicated significant increase (p<0.05) as comparision with control and sham groups. So, according to obtained results, with increasing of the number of leydig cells and testosterone concentration, it can concluded that ginger may causes proliferation of sex cell in immature male mice.

In this study, the effects of Ovaprim, HCG and pituitary extract injection on biochemical parameters of seminal plasma in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) male broodstocks were compared. Biochemical parameters (Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, total protein, glucose and cholesterol) were measured by spectrophotometer while Na+ and K+ were analysed with flame photometer. There was a highly significant difference of seminal plasma Na+ and K+ among treatments (P<0.01), as the highest value of Na+ and K+ observed in the control group. There was a significant difference in Cl- among treatments (P<0.01) as the lowest value of Cl- observed in the control group, but there were no significant differences in Ca2+ and Mg2+ among treatments (P>0.05). Significant differences in cholesterol values in seminal plasma were observed among treatments (P<0.05), as the highest value was observed in HCG treatment. Also, there was a highly significant difference of seminal plasma glucose and total protein among treatments (P<0.01), the highest value observed in control group. The results of this study demonstrated that Ovaprim, HCG and pituitary extract injection have different effects on biochemical parameters of seminal plasma in cultured common carp.

The septum and hippocampus act in concert to control anxiety. In the present study, the possible interaction between septal GABAergic and hippocampal dopaminergic systems in the elevated plus-maze test, an animal model of anxiety were examined. We found that a 10-ng infusion of GABAa receptor agonist, muscimol in the medial septum have an anxiolytic effect, whereas lower doses (2.5 and 5.0 ng) did not induce any effect. Micro-infusion of 1 ng/rat of Baclofen, GABAb receptor agonist into the same location decreased open-arm exploration in the elevated plus-maze, but lower doses (0.1 and 0.5 ng) did not. Intra dorsal-hippocampal infusions of dopamine D1/D2 receptor agonist, apomorphine had opposite effects on anxiety- like behavior in dose dependent manner. Lower dose of apomorphine (0.005 mg/rat) increased the percentage of open arm entries and open arm time, whereas higher dose (0.1 mg/rat) decreased these parameters,but moderate doses of apomorphine (0.01, 0.05mg/rat) could not alter the anxiety- like parameters. The infusion of combined sub (non)-effective doses of apomorphine(0.01mg) and muscimol (2.5 ng) significantly reduced anxiety-like behavior, while co-infusion of sub(non)-effective doses of apomorphine and baclofen(0.1 ng) showed an anxiogenesis effect. The results may indicate that the hippocampal dopaminergic and septal gabaergic systems act synergistically in the modulation of anxiety and the involvement of dopamine is dose dependent.

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) is a kind of acute Leukemia. L-Ascorbic Acid (L-AA) also known as Vitamin C has anti-oxidant properties. L-AA under certain conditions acts as a pro-oxidant and it has cytotoxic effect in high dose on different cell lines that this effect depends on its oxidation-reduction properties. Different experiments showed that anti-proliferation and anti- inflammation materials could influence the effect of such components and so decrease their resulting side effects. Regarding to anti-proliferative and anti-cancer Honey Bee Venom (BV), in this research, we examined the effect of BV on L-AA effect of function. The toxic and non-toxic concentrations of L-AA and BV on HL-60 cells were determined and then the effect of these two components individually and also in combination with each other on growth of HL-60 cells were assessed using Trypan blue stained cell counting and MTT assay. All experiments were done three times and data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test and Instate 3 software. Our finding showed that both BV and L-AA caused cell death at high concentrations in a dose and time dependent manner in HL- these results, it may be suggested that non- toxic concentration of BV can increase anti-60 cells and they could inhibit proliferation of these cells at lower concentrations. L-AA in 0.1 mM concentration inhibited proliferation of HL-60 cells during 72 h and this inhibitory effect of L-AA significantly increased in combination with BV. On the basis of proliferation potency of L-AA on HL-60 cancer cell line.