Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility
Year:2020 | Volume:23 | Issue:3|Papers Count:12

Introduction: Oxidative stress is one of the indicators that changes during preterm labor as well as cardiovascular diseases; several factors are effective on this index. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to evaluate eight weeks of intermittent exercise training on oxidative stress indices in women with preterm labor after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Methods: This clinical randomized trial study was performed on 21 women with preterm delivery and a history of coronary artery graft surgery at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in 2019. After random allocation, blood sample was taken from the samples and then the intervention group performed 24 sessions of intermittent exercise and the control group had her normal life. Serum levels of 8-hydroxy-2-dioxan-guanosine and urinary 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy-guanosine were measured before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 19) and Shapirovilk, Independent t and t-student tests. P< 0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The exercise program in the intervention group caused a significant difference compared to pre-exercise in serum (P=0. 003) and urinary (P=0. 003) concentrations of 8-Hydroxy-2-dioxychuanosine. Intergroup difference of the variables such as weight (P=0. 048), body mass index (P=0. 004), fat percentage (P=0. 002), and serum 8-hydroxy-2-dioxane guanosine (P=0. 001) and urinary (P=0. 001) were observed between the intervention and control groups. Conclusion: Intermittent exercise in women with a history of preterm labor undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery could cause changes in oxidative stress index.

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a specific pregnancy syndrome that affects all parts of the body. One of the possible causes of preeclampsia is genetic factors, including genetic predisposing genes. The aim of this study was to compare the expression level of LncRNA (large non coding RNA) TERRA (Telomeric repeat-containing RNA) and telomere length in a pair of women with preeclampsia and healthy. Methods: In this case-control study which was performed in 2017-2018, placenta specimens were taken from 25 mothers with Pre-eclampsia who referred to Ardabil Alavi Hospital and were candidate for pregnancy termination; in the control group also, placenta specimens were taken from 25 women without preeclampsia. After extraction of RNA and cDNA synthesis, TERRA expression level was measured by Real Time PCR and the changes of Telomere length was measured by Telomere Length Assay technique. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 16) and Independent t-test. PResults: The mean for expression level of LNCRNA TERRA in the case group was 7. 87 ± 1. 9 and in the control group was 9. 8 ± 2. 8. Independent T-test results showed significant difference between the two groups in terms of expression level of LNCRNA TERRA (p=0. 006). The mean for Telomere length in the case group was 4. 35 ± 1. 9 and in the control group was 6. 2 ± 1. 54. Independent T-test results showed significant difference between the two groups in terms of Telomere length, too (p=0. 001). There was no significant correlation between maternal age and LNCRNA TERRA expression level and telomere length (p = 0. 88). There was no statistically significant difference in expression level of LNCRNA TERRA and Telomere length between the sexes of newborns (p=0. 1). Conclusion: Our data identified the significant role of LNCRNA TERRA and Telomere length in Pre-eclampsia. LNCRNA TERRA and Telomere length can be used to predict and diagnose preeclampsia.

Introduction: Laparoscopic cystectomy of ovarian endometriosis (endometrioma) can be associated with reduction in fertility and ovarian reserve. However, unilateral cyctectomy with drainage of opposite side could lessen these negative outcomes, but it might be associated with increased recurrence rate. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to compare disease recurrence rate between these two methods of laparoscopy. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on patients with bilateral cystectomy and unilateral cystectomy with drainage of opposite side in Arash Women’ s Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2013-2015. Two groups were compared in recurrence rate following surgery. Relative frequency of recurrence in two groups was compared by Chi-square and multiple logistic regression (to control the effect of confounding factors). Results: In all analysis, 75 patients were available. Sonographic recurrence of the disease after 1 year was observed in 31 (41. 4%) of all patients that 17 (34%) patients were in group A and 14 (56%) in group B. According to the results of Chi-square test, postoperative recurrence of the disease was not significantly different between the two groups (p=0. 58), although recurrence rate in group B was higher. However, after controlling the confounding effect of age and additional drug therapy, the odds ratio for recurrence in group B compared to group A was 2. 82 higher (95% CI: 0. 99-8. 01) that was not statistically significant (p=0. 051) Conclusion: Recurrence rate was lower in bilateral cystectomy compared to unilateral cystectomy with drainage of opposite side, although the difference was not significant. Studies with higher sample size are suggested to confirm the findings.

Introduction: Violence against women is a global phenomenon, and varies based on the political, social and cultural characteristics of each place and location. Domestic violence is the most common type of violence against women. This study was performed with aim to investigate physical domestic violence and its most common contributing factors. Methods: This case-control study was performed in 2016-2019 on 23 pregnant women referred to trauma emergency of Shahid Hasheminezhad and Emal Reza hospitals of Mashhad with complaint of trauma due to domestic violence and other 23 patients due to trauma of other factors. Data collection was done by researcher-made questionnaire including three sections (demographic characteristics, type of domestic violence, and contributing factors). Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 16) and Chi-square, Fisher-exact, Student t, or Mann-Whitney tests. PResults: During the three year period of study, 23 pregnant women referred to the emergency department of two referral hospitals in Mashhad due to domestic violence. Regression analysis showed that the most common contributing factors of domestic violence were previous history of domestic violence, unemployment and economic problems, history of previous hospital admission due to domestic violence and drug abuse of spouse. 16 patients (34. 6%) leaved the hospital against medical advice in domestic violence group and 30 patients (65. 2%) patients hospitalized for further evaluation and treatment. Leaving the hospital against medical advice was significantly higher in domestic violence trauma patients (p=0. 001). Conclusion: Among the most important causes of domestic violence in the present study were the positive history of domestic violence in the person or family, as well as unemployment and economic problems.

Introduction: Post-mastectomy infection can dramatically increase the duration of recovery. Considering the potential role of vitamin D in preventing infection, this study was performed with aim to compare serum levels of post-mastectomy vitamin D in women with and without postoperative infection. Methods: This case-control study was performed on 50 women after mastectomy at Tabriz Imam Reza Hospital in 2017-2018. Demographic information and vitamin D levels (taking blood samples) were included in a researcher-made instrument containing disease-related information. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 20) and independent t-test and Chi-square tests. P< 0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean of vitamin D in the infected group was 27. 33 ± 2. 41 and in the uninfected group was 49. 55± 4. 11 (p=0. 004). Also, most patients in the infected group (48%) had vitamin D deficiency, while most subjects in the uninfected group (60%) had normal vitamin D that the difference between the two groups was significant (p=0. 003). Conclusion: Low levels of vitamin D increase the risk of infection after mastectomy in women with cancer.

Introduction: Low knowledge of oral health in pregnant women can affect both mother and child’ s health. This study was performed with aim to evaluate oral and dental health literacy and oral health behavior in pregnant women in south cities of Kerman province. Methods: This cross-sectional analytic study was done on 164 pregnant women who referred to health centers in south cities of Kerman province in 2018. Data was collected by demographic characteristic questionnaire (age, education, number of children, number of pregnancy, the economic situation) and the standard questionnaire of oral and dental health literacy )OHL-Q) (including 17 questions in four domains of hearing, comprehension, ability to read and decision-making), assessment of oral health behavior, self-report of oral and teeth health status and DMFT. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 21) and Chi-square and ANOVA tests. PResults: In the present study, 63 patients (43. 4%) experienced the first pregnancy and most subjects 55 (33. 7%) were diploma. 121 women (73. 8%) had not dental examination before decision for pregnancy. The most frequent source of oral health information was dentists. Oral health literacy was insufficient in 122 (74. 4%). There was significant difference between the level of oral health literacy and educational level(p=0. 009), using tooth paste (p=0. 005)and tooth brushing (p=0. 001). Conclusion: Oral and dental health literacy in pregnant women is inadequate. Dentistry consultation and oral health education before decision for pregnancy are recommended.

Introduction: One of the most common problems in menopausal women is sleep disturbance that can lead to reduced quality of life. Therefore this study was performed with aim to investigate the effect of Salvia officinalisaroma on sleep quality of postmenopausal women. Methods: This double-blind randomized clinical trial study was performed on 60 postmenopausal women referred to Kermanshah health centers in 2019. The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention and control (n=30 in each group). The subjects in the intervention group, for 3 consecutive nights in a week, for one month, 2 drops of essential oil of salvia that existed in a dropper poured on a cotton ball in the form of a neck pendant, and inhaled before sleep and removed from the neck after awakening. The control group also used placebo in the same way. Before and after the intervention, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was completed by both groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 20) and Chi-square, Kolmogorov Smirnov, independent t, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. PResults: The mean score of sleep quality before the intervention was similar in both groups (p = 0. 191). But after the intervention, the mean score of sleep quality in aromatherapy group (3 ± 1. 57) was significantly decreased compared with control group (7. 13± 1. 33) (p <0. 001) and aromatherapy led to the improvement of sleep quality in the intervention group. Conclusion: Aromatherapy using salvia officinalishas a significant effect on improving sleep quality in postmenopausal women. Therefore, given that postmenopausal women have sleep disorder, it is suggested that this method be used as a useful method for improving sleep quality and health promotion.

Introduction: The prevalence of maternal and fetal complications in pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is higher than non-infected women. This study was performed with aim to evaluate the prevalence of pregnancy complications in women with different phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome based on the NIH in addition to Rotterdam criteria. Methods: In this retrospective study, the pregnancy records of 266 PCOS women were investigated based on their medical file in 2014-2016. These women based on PCOS related clinical symptoms were divided to two groups: The first group, or group A (severe phenotype), included women who had all three clinical signs of oligo-anovulation, hyper-androgenism, and ovarian cysts, or only two signs of oligo-ovulation and hyper-androgenism when the disease was diagnosed. Group B included people who had only hyper-androgenism with ovarian cysts (PCOM) or oligovulation with ovarian cysts (mild phenotype). The maternal and fetal complications during pregnancy was retrospectively evaluated between two groups based on the participants’ medical records information. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 17) and Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, T test and Logistic Regression. P<0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among maternal and fetal complications, low birth weight was significantly different between the two groups. After adjusting with age, body mass index and number of pregnancies, the odds ratio of low birth weight baby in group A compared to group B was 2. 6 (95% CI; 1. 5-2. 9, p <0. 01). The study found no statistically significant difference in gestational diabetes, preterm delivery, or the chance of spontaneous abortion between different PCOS phenotypes. Conclusion: The chance of LBW in women with sever form of PCOS (group A) is higher than women with moderate form of the disease (group B). In clinical practice, it is recommended that the PCOS phenotype should be considered as an affecting factor on fetal outcomes in pregnancy.

Introduction: Nowadays, noninvasive approaches in the investigation of hepatocyte death and the use of non-pharmacological adjunctive therapies are considered by health professionals. This study was performed with aim to compare the effect of different intensities of combined training on cytokeratin18 )marker of hepatocyte death( and some indicators of physical function in women with Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods: This applied and semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design was performed on 33 women with NAFLD in Shahrood city in 2018. The subjects were randomly divided into training and control groups. Combined training 1 Group performed Aerobic Interval Training (AIT) along with resistance training and combined training 2 group performed High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) along with resistance training for 12 weeks. Functional tests (Upper and lower strength and endurance, aerobic power) and blood samples were performed before and after 12 weeks of training. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 24) and R statistical software and repeated measures ANOVA tests. PResults: There was significant difference between two training groups in the CK18 level (p<0. 001) and combined training 1 group had higher decrease in the CK18 level. Also, both combined training significantly increased upper and lower maximal strength and muscular endurance and VO2max, as well as a significant decrease in body fat percentage (p<0. 001). There was no significant difference between groups in weight and BMI (p>0. 05). Conclusion: Women with Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease may be able to use both intense and moderate combined training to reduce body fat percentage, improve physical performance indicators independent of weight loss and use moderate intensity combined training as a non-pharmacological adjunctive therapy to prevent cell death.

Introduction: One of the surgical interventions in the process of natural vaginal delivery is episiotomy. Episiotomy pain is a stressful problem for mothers at postpartum. Nowadays, more attention has been paid to the use of pain reduction techniques in traditional medicine such as clove extract. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of clove buds on the severity of episiotomy pain in normal vaginal delivery. Methods: This triple-blind clinical trial study was performed on 80 mothers who had delivery in the hospitals of Ferdows, Gonabad and Mashhad in 2019. The subjects were divided into two groups of intervention and placebo using randomized blockade. The intervention group received clove extract and the placebo group received distilled water. The two groups received the solutions twice a day for 10 days after delivery. Demographic and midwifery checklists and pain visual standardized tool and McGill tool were used for data collection. Pain severity was measured in several stages (before intervention, on day 4 and day 10 after delivery). Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 22) and paired t and Chi-square tests. P < 0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in pain severity between the two groups before the intervention (p = 0. 77). There was significant difference in pain severity between the two groups at day 4 (p = 0. 00) and 10 (p = 0. 00) after delivery. Conclusion: The use of clove extract reduces the severity of episiotomy ulcer pain after delivery. Therefore, it is recommended to use it for pain relief after episiotomy.

Introduction: Many women suffer from mastalgia; this issue is very important due to the importance of proper use of the drug. Due to the complications of chemical drugs, patients tend to use complementary medicine. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted with aim to compare the effects of evening primrose oil and vitamin E on cyclic mastalgia. Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, data related to comparison of evening primrose oil and vitamin E were searched using the key words of mastalgia, evening primrose oil, vitamin E, and breast pain in the Electronic databases of Pubmed, Scopus, Web of science, Magiran, Iran doc, Iran medex, SID, and also Google scholar without time limitation until 2019. Jedad Index was used to evaluate the quality of the studies. Data were analyzed by Comprehensive Meta-analysis Version 2. Results: Among 701 articles found in the initial search, 8 randomized trials with sample volume of 878 participants were selected for this systematic review. The studies were conducted in U. S, India, Pakistan and Iran. The result of meta-analysis showed that the difference between two groups of intervention and control was. 311 (95% CI:-0/266 to 0/888) and the difference was not statistically significant (p=0. 291); this indicates that the efficacy of Evening promise oil and vitamin E is similar. Conclusion: The efficacy of Evening promise oil and vitamin E in treatment of mastalgia is similar. Given the high heterogeneity of studies, low sample size and the variety of methods for determining the outcome, further studies in this field is recommended.

Introduction: Acute pancreatitis during pregnancy is a rare event that its frequency has been estimated as ranging from of 1/1000 to 1/10000 births. The aim of this study was to report a case of acute pancreatitis during pregnancy and its maternal and neonatal outcomes following conservative management. Case presentation: A 25 years old woman G2ab1(second pregnancy, one abortion) with gestational age of 30 weeks and sudden epigastria pain from the last night who had referred to the Ghaem hospital of Mashhad due to severe stomach pain along with nausea and vomiting. . MRI reported increase in gall bladder thickness and pancreatic inflammation and left plural effusion. In laboratory tests, amylase and lipase were three time higher than normal. With diagnosis of pancreatitis, the patient underwent conservative treatment. At 6th day of hospitalization, 38° C fever and uterine contractions were started. A preterm neonate was born. The mother and neonate discharged from the hospital with good conditions. Conclusion: Acute pancreatitis during pregnancy can lead to preterm delivery. Early diagnosis and conservative treatment can be associated with desirable maternal and neonatal outcomes.