Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences
Year:2020 | Volume:8 | Issue:2|Papers Count:8

Background & Aim: Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains that were resistance to majority of commonly used antibiotics were caused problem in treatment of these infections. Imipenem is the excessive potential antibiotic for elimination of antibiotic resistance isolates of these bacteria. Aim of this study was, identification of imipenem effect on TEM beta-lactamase gene expression in resistant to antibiotic, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, from burn wound samples, by Real-time PCR. Methods: In descriptive cross-sectional study, 100 burn wound samples were collected from Tehran hospitals. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, were found from samples. After DNA extraction by PCR reaction, were isolated TEM gene from samples contained this bacteria, and were defined imipenem MIC measure, for them. Then, were compared, TEM beta-lactamase gene expression, among imipenem-treated and untreated Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, by Real-time PCR Results: From 100 wound samples, 60 isolates (60%) were infected by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in 34 samples (56. 6%) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated, were presence TEM beta-lactamase gene. Expression of TEM gene, 78. 68% decreased in imipenem-treated Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, compare by untreated strains. Conclusion: According of this study finding, from imipenem by anti-beta-lactamase action that was interested on reduction of TEM gene expression, could be used in control of antibiotic resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.

Background & Aim: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women around the world. Early detection of this cancer plays an important role in its treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of educational intervention based on health belief model in adopting breast cancer prevention behaviors in female health workers in Torbat Heydariyeh. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental intervention with a control group, which was conducted in 1398 on 70 female health workers working in health centers. Data were collected from both intervention and control groups by a valid and reliable questionnaire before and after the intervention and analyzed by Chi-square, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon statistical interventions version 16. SPSS in software. Results: The mean age of the participants in the experimental group was 77. 42± 8. 43 years and the control group 40. 09± 8. 21 years (P=0. 178). According to the results obtained after interventional education, the mean score of Health Belief Model constructs (perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits of breast self-test, perceived barriers of breast self-test, perceived selfefficacy of breast self-test, perceived benefits of mammography and perceived barriers of mammography) showed a significant increase in the experimental group in comparison to the control group (P<0. 001). It should be noted that the mean score for perceived self-efficacy of mammography was not significant. Conclusion: Health belief model training improved participants' perceptions. Therefore, the use of this educational model in other educational and prevention programs is recommended.

Background & Aim: Traffic accidents are the leading cause of death in the world, which brings great cost to the economy. So, this study aimed to determine the loss of productivity in traffic accident victims admitted to hospitals in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2018. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 551 injured persons selected randomly. For productivity loss estimation, we used the health and labor questionnaire on the base of the human capital approach. Data retrieved from the hospital information unit and calls to patients until three months after their accident. Then, data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests. Results: The mean and standard deviation of productivity loss three months after the accident was (18. 81± 25. 21) million rials (499. 6± 669. 6 $). The productivity loss with a huge difference in men was 20. 93± 25. 75) million Rials and the age group of 25-35 years was (22. 10± 29. 79) million more than the other groups, respectively. According to the regression results, among the injury groups, productivity loss were affected by the injury category to the abdomen, lower back, lumbar spine and pelvis. Conclusion: Examining the indirect cost of traffic accidents can be useful in public health decisions. By measuring and comparing the cost of this disease in the community, health care decision makers can be helped to set up and prioritize health care policies and interventions.

Background & Aim: Pregnancy is recognized as an important period in women lives during which, the decisions made by mother about the maintenance and promotion of the health, either herself or the fetus, are important. The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of health-promoting behaviors in pregnant women who referred to Jiroft Ayatollah Kashani Hospital in 2019. Methods: The present work is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2019 on pregnant women who referred to Ayatollah Kashani Hospital in Jiroft. In this study, 235 pregnant women participated that selection was done by convenience sampling method. Data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS software version 16 using ANOVA, independent t-test, Pearson correlation and linear regression. Results: The mean age of participants was 29. 39 ± 6. 88 years. Health-promoting behaviors had a direct and significant correlation with social support (r =0. 28, p <0. 001), education (r = 0. 36, p <0. 001), and the source of decision for health (r =0. 15, p = 0. 02). All three variables of social support, the source of decision-making for health and education were able to predict 23% of changes in health-promoting behaviors (R2 = 0. 23, F = 23. 76, p <0. 001). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that social support, source of health decision making, and education could predict the performance of health-promoting behaviors in pregnancy. Promotion of women's education about pregnancy and strengthening strategies that help women to make decisions about their health and gain social support; can be used in designing educational interventions to increase women's commitment to health-promoting behaviors in pregnancy.

Background & Aim: Antibiotic resistance among gram-negative bacilli is currently one of the major challenges for the health system in developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and antibiotic resistance pattern of common ESBL-producing gram negative bacilli isolated from clinical specimens of hospitalized patients in Falsafi Hospital in Gorgan. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, during October to December 2016, clinical samples of hospitalized patients including urine, blood and wound specimens were examined for the presence of common Gram-negative bacilli. Then the drug resistance pattern of the isolates and the production of ESBLs were determined by disk diffusion and phenotypic methods. Results: Of 154 clinical samples, 100 samples were positive for gram-negative bacilli and 50 isolates of Escherichia coli, 38 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 12 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were identified. All the isolates were resistant to ampicillin and co-trimoxazole antibiotics. 17% of the isolates were phenotypically ESBL positive and this enzyme had the highest frequency among K. pneumoniae isolates (41. 6%). Conclusion: The results of this study, in line with the results of other researchers, indicate high prevalence of ESBL in clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae. Therefore, third-generation cephalosporins are not recommended in treatment of infections caused by K. pneumonia as the first line drug.

Background & Aim: The first point in any educational program is determining the educational needs. Appropriate information, knowledge and training will help couples base their marital life on the right foundation. The present study examined premarital educational needs of couples referring to Taybad health center. Methods: The present study was a descriptive-analytical study that was performed cross-sectionally on 382 couples (191 men and 191 women). The marriage volunteers who referred to Taybad health center was performed from September to December 2019. Two questionnaires of demographic information and educational needs were used for data collection. The educational needs questionnaires included 46 questions in seven domains. Questionnaires were delivered to the couples and collected after completion. Data were entered in SPSS version 21, then, descriptive statistical indices, Pearson correlation test, Independent t, Mann Whitney U, Chi-square, and Kruskal-Wallis Data were analyzed. Results: The mean age of female and male participants was 19. 22 ± 4. 54 and 24. 38 ± 4. 30 respectively. There was a significant difference in educational needs according to age, place of residence, level of education and job (p <0. 05). The first three priorities of educational needs were relationship with spouse and family (with an average of 49. 53 points), fertility (with an average of 33. 76 points) and sexual relations (with an average of 20. 16). Conclusion: The need for education in all areas was above average. Couples have a tendency for more education in the field of relationship with spouse and family.

Background & Aim: Cryptosporidium is zoonotic coccidian parasite that causes severe diarrhea in humans and animals worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the soil contamination rate with Cryptosporidium oocysts of different public places in Tabriz, west of Iran. Methods: In this cross sectional study, 260 soil samples were collected by stratified sampling from 20 parks, 20 primary schools, 20 kindergartens, 10 street gardens, 60 backyards and 2 bus terminals. Soil samples were investigated by flotation technique using sucrose solution and stained by the modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining method. Data were analyzed with chi-square test, and P-values less than 0. 05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Cryptosporidium oocysts were observed in 48 (18. 5%) out of 260 collected soil samples. No statistically difference was observed among the 10 regions with the Cryptosporidium contamination in examined places in Tabriz city (p> 0. 05). The highest contamination rate was observed in street gardens and backyards (23. 3%) and the lowest rate was found in primary schools (12. 5%). Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, high contamination of soil with Cryptosporidium in Tabriz should be considered as a serious health problem, especially for children and immunocompromised patients. Taken together, soils from region 1 and 8 of Tabriz could be a potential source for Cryptosporidium infection.

Background & Aim: The definition of ostomy acceptance is not well defined in the literature. In addition, the concepts of ostomy acceptance, ostomy adjustment and adaptation are sometimes used interchangeably. The aim of this study was to determine the concept of ostomy acceptance, the difference between this concept and ostomy adjustment and to determine a specific definition for these concepts. Methods: This review study was conducted by Rodgers concept analysis method. The literature published between 1945 and 2020 on ostomy acceptance was reviewed. Based on Rodgers evolutionary approach, which is based on the analysis of raw data in the literature, the databases ProQuest, PubMed, science direct and Scopus were selected for the search and the keywords ostomy, colostomy, ileostomy, urostomy, adjustment, acceptance, coping, adaptation and Persian equivalents of these words were used. In total, the full text of 28 articles and one book were reviewed by thematic analysis. Results: Acceptance of ostomy means recognizing that as a part of the body and returning to a normal life. Coping with ostomy, applying coping strategies and adapting to ostomy are the antecedents for acceptance, and adjustment and quality of life are consequences for ostomy acceptance. Patients must first accept the ostomy as a part of their body and then go through the stages of adjusting to the ostomy. Conclusion: Applying the concepts of acceptance, coping, adaptation and adjustment instead leads to confusion for users of scientific texts. This study can help nurses, researchers, and other members of the treatment team to design, plan, and perform appropriate interventions for patients with ostomy by identifying differences in these concepts.