Journal of Dental Medicine
Year:2019 | Volume:32 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Background and Aims: Reconstruction of osseous defects is one of the ideal goals of periodontal treatments and dental implant therapy. Different biomaterials have been used for this purpose and many studies have tried to compare and introduce the best ones. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of PDFDB (Partially Demineralized Freeze-Dried Bone Graft) and FDBA (Freeze Dried Bone Allograft) on the regeneration of rabbit calvarial defects. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 48 similar defects with the diameter of 8 mm were generated in the calvarium of 16 rabbits. Two defects were filled with FDBA and PDFDB, while the other one remained unfilled as the control group. All defects were covered by collagen membranes. 6 and 12 weeks after surgery, the histologic and histomorphometric tests were performed to evaluate the following variables: the rate of new bone formation and its type, the amount of residual grafting material, degree of inflammation and pattern of bone formation. Comparison of osteogenesis percentage and residual biomaterial was performed by repetitive variance analysis, whereas qualitative variables were compared by Friedman non-parametric test. Results: Regarding bone formation percentage, there was no statistically significant difference between three different groups at 6-week (P=0. 33) and also at 12-week time points (P=0. 98). The amount of residual material in the PDFDB group was significantly lower than FDBA (P=0. 04) in the 6-week samples. However, this difference was not significant in the 12-week samples (P=0. 41). Bone quality showed statistically significant difference between graft containing groups and control group after 12 weeks (P=0. 01). It means, all samples in FDBA and PDFDB groups displayed lamellar bone after 12 weeks while in control group, only woven bone or a combination of woven and lamellar bone was seen. Conclusion: FDBA and PDFDB demonstrated similar regenerating effect in the rabbit calvarial bone defects and hastened bone maturation compared to the non-grafted defects.

Background and Aims: The bleaching agents can lead to color and translucency changes in composite resins. Due to the increasing use of the nano composites and the silorane-based composites, this study aimed at examining the color and translucency changes of these restorations after bleaching agents. Materials and Methods: In this experimental-laboratory study, 198 composite discs were divided into three groups of 66 specimens using three types of composite: the microhybrid composite Z250, the nanohybrid composite Z350 and the siloranebased composite P90. After acid etching, half of the specimens in each group were covered by a resin rebounding agent. Then, the color and translucency assessment was done by reflectance spectrophotometer, using CIE LAB system. Each group was divided into three subgroups of bleaching agents: the 40% hydrogen peroxide and 20% carbamide peroxide bleaching agents and the control group. After applying bleaching agents, the final color and translucency changes were assessed. Data were analyzed using Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests. Results: The effect of composite and bleaching agent type and bonding agent were significant (P<0. 001). The color changes in the microhybrid composite were higher than nanohybrid and silorane-based composites (P<0. 001) (Δ E>3. 3). Also, the color changes by 20% carbamide peroxide were higher than that of hydrogen peroxide and control groups (P<0. 001). The results of translucency changes were generally consistent with color-change measurements (Δ E>3. 3). Conclusion: According to the present study, the most color changes appeared in the microhybrid composite and by 20% carbamide peroxide bleaching agent. Rebound samples were generally less affected by bleaching agents. The least color and translucency changes were related to nanohybrid composites.

Background and aims: Solubility is an important property of luting cements in determining clinical durability. The aim of this study was to compare the solubility of Panavia, Calibra and Maxcem resin cements with that of GC Fuji PLUS resin modified glass ionomer cement in three different pH values. Materials and Methods: A total of 96 specimens were prepared (8mm diameter, 4mm thickness) according to manufacturer instructions. After setting, they were desiccated and weighed. The specimens were kept immersed in distilled water and lactic acid solution (pH values of 3 and 5) for 30 days and then removed and weighed again. Data were statistically analyzed by SPSS18 using two-way ANOVA with P≤ 0. 05 set as the level of significance. Results: The results of this study showed no significant difference between three pH values (P=0. 08). The Calibra resin cement had the lowest value of solubility in distilled water and both pH of lactic acid. GC Fuji PLUS resin modified glass ionomer cement had the highest value of solubility in lactic acid and the Maxcem resin cement had the highest value of solubility in water. Conclusion: The solubility characteristics of resin modified glass ionomer and three different resin cements were significantly affected by their composition and the storage condition.

Background and Aims: Dental diagnosis may be affected by the occurrence of the errors in the intra-oral radiographic images and the patients’ treatment plan can be problematic in these cases. The repetition of these radiographs increases the risks of radiation exposure for the patients in turn. The present study assessed the incidences of common periapical radiographic errors taken by dental students in oral and maxillofacial radiology department of Mashhad dental school in 2017. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 1470 periapical radiographs prepared by student during a semester of 2017 were collected and evaluated. Radiographic observations were done and the incidence of conventional radiographic errors were determined. Finally, the frequency and percentage of radiographic errors were determined based on the type of radiography sex, the age of the patient, and the history of radiography. Then, results were analyzed using the Chi-Square test and SPSS19 (P=0. 05). Results: Film placement (27. 2%), cone-cut (27. 2%), elongation (13. 2%) and horizontal angle (10. 9%) were reported as the most common radiographic errors. The repetition rate of the radiographs was 2. 9%; among them, the highest errors were Cone-cut errors in the upper jaw Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the most radiographic errors included film position and Cone-cut errors and these two errors were the most frequent cause of repetitive radiographies that required the provision of specific training for the prevention of these errors.

Background and Aims: Regarding the high prevalence of caries and oral dental diseases, especially in the elderly, and the increasing attention of people to using the concept of quality of life, this study was conducted to determine the relation between oral and dental health and the quality of life in elderly people in Yazd. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed using data from the Yazd Public Health Survey (YAHS) with a sample of 9293 people, in 1393-94. All information was collected from 1907 elderly people aged between 60 to 70 years, including quality of life and oral and dental indexes from the comprehensive questionnaire of YAHS. Data were analyzed by independent t-test and Spearman correlation coefficient using SPSS16 software. Results: There was a significant relationship between the quality of life and oral hygiene (P<0. 01). Also, the score of quality of life and oral health was significantly related to education (P<0. 01). Conclusion: This study showed the positive relation between the oral health the quality of life. In addition, there was a quality of life level in the elderly people with poor oral hygiene.

Background and Aims: One of the most important determinants of health is Oral Health Literacy (OHL). The aim of this study was to investigate the OHL among nomadic population in Kouhrang city as pristine society. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study among 200 nomadic population aged 18-60 years of Kouhrang city in 2018. Data were collected using a questionnaire and face-to-face interview, sampling method was performed by randomized cluster. The questionnaire consisted of 17 questions in 4 sections of reading comprehension, listening, perception of number, and decision making. According to the number of questions, the questionnaire score was formed 0 to 17 and the nomadic populations were categorized into three groups with inadequate OHL (0-9), borderline OHL (10-11), and adequate OHL (912-17). Results: The mean and standard deviation of the participants in this study was 35. 49± 12. 00. The results showed that 7. 00% of participants had sufficient OHL (12-17), 21. 51% borderline (10-11), and 71. 50% had inadequate OHL (0-9). The mean and standard deviation of OHL score in general was 7. 65± 2. 80, and the mean DMFT index was 8. 03± 5. 64 (P<0. 001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the OHL score in the nomadic population was low, and also the mean DMFT index was very high. It is necessary to pay attention to the timely prevention and treatment of the teeth, as well as serious attention to the health education in this population.

Background and Aims: Saliva is the first body fluid that is exposed to the free radicals found in cigarette smoke. Antioxidant substances in saliva, such as vitamin C, play an important role in the defense mechanism against free radicals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of vitamin C on the total antioxidant capacity of saliva in smokers. Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed on 60 healthy male smokers who referred to the dental clinic in Rafsanjan in 2017. Individuals were randomly divided into three groups. The first and second groups received 500 and 1000 mg of vitamin C boiling tablets for three weeks. The third group did not receive any vitamin C supplements. The total antioxidant capacity of saliva was measured using an antioxidant kit and an ELISA reader. Data were analyzed using paired t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple comparisons test. Results: The results showed that the mean total antioxidant capacity of saliva after the intervention was found statistically significant among groups (P<0. 001). However, the mean total antioxidant capacity of saliva did not differ in the groups receiving 500 and 1000 mg of vitamin C (P=0. 420). Conclusion: The results showed that taking vitamin C increased the total antioxidant capacity of saliva in smokers.

Background and Aims: Xerostomia is a clinical condition that can affect the quality and quantity of saliva. Saliva is considered an important factor in retention of edentulous patient’ s denture wearers. Thus, increasing the prevalence of xerostomia in modern societies is considered a limiting factor in the quality of denture retention. This article reviews the most common techniques of denture manufacturing in edentulous patients with xerostomia and investigates the advantages versus disadvantages of each. Materials and Methods: In this review, PubMed and google scholar search engines were searched for the following keywords: Flexible Denture, Artificial Saliva Reservoir, Hyposalivation, Hypofunction, and Xerostomia. We evaluated the flexible dentures and dentures with artificial saliva reservoirs in both jaws along with their advantages and disadvantages. 10 articles, specifically discussing complete denture fabrication in patients were selected. Conclusion: Follow-up results showed that the flexible dentures and split dentures with saliva reservoirs to be effective in improving the quality of life of these patients and therefore can be a considered as a successful treatment option in the prosthetic rehabilitation of these patients.