MODERN RESEARCHES IN DECISION MAKING
Year:2019 | Volume:4 | Issue:2|Papers Count:7

Failure modes and effects analysis technique (FMEA) is One of the high usage tool to identify and prioritization of risks in the industrial, production and service environments. traditional FMEA has many shortcomings, Therefore many researches have been done to enhance the performance of FMEA. Also, in this study, a new approach has been proposed to deal with shortcomings of traditional FMEA. In this new approach Rough numbers have been used for representation of vague and subjective information and an improved method of gray relational analysis (GRA) as the Gray relational projection method (GRP) to prioritize potential failure modes. In the proposed method, evaluation of risk factors by members of the FMEA team has been modeled by Rough numbers and then The GRP method determines the priority of failure modes. To illustrate the performance of the proposed method, an example is used for the ranking of failure modes and evaluating and comparing the proposed model. The new approche have been overcame the shortcomings of traditional FMEA like multiplication of risk factors and the resulted discontinuous amounts and inattention to the weight of risk factors, by considering the weight of risk factors and using a method of prioritization by using GRP method. The proposed approach is achieved more affective and more accurate prioritization by covering ambiguity and uncertainty in experts’ judgements. The results indicates that in comparison with the traditional FMEA, a more reasonable and more accurate ranking have been resulted for FMEA method by combination of Rough numbers and GRP method.

In this research is tried to design a Decision Support System for ranking the subsidiaries in Multi-disciplined holding companies. Holding companies are one of the most common organizational structures in many economies. These companies need continuous monitoring on their subsidiaries to meet their objectives, and achieve efficiency, effectiveness, and maximum value. In this regard, designing a Decision Support System for ranking the subsidiaries is considered as a solution to accomplish these goals. Toward designing this decision support system, it is important to identify the indicators, determine their relationships and prioritize them. In this research, the effective indicators of ranking the subsidiaries in holding companies were extracted based on the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) through the literature review and gathering expert opinion. Then, the interrelations among the indicators were identified using the DEMATEL technique. Finally, these indicators were prioritized based on Analytical Network Process (ANP). The findings provide background for designing the decision support system in holding companies.

Blood and its products, is a valuable asset to protect the patients’ lives, and in some cases, are the only vital and sanative medicine for the patients so it should be avoided waste and non-optimal consumption. The assignment of blood and its products to hospitals is one of assignment problems, in which finding the optimal solution can lead to a reduction in mortality and waste of expenditure. In this research, a model for the problem of assignment of blood products in stochastic state has been offered and executed in blood transfusion organization in Yazd province. This study focuses on platelet and red blood cell products, due to their higher demand and their corrosively. The goal of the model is to minimize the preparation, deficiency and waste cost of blood products, while considering the constraints of the problem. The proposed model was coded and solved by ILOG CPLEX 12. 6. 1 in Microsoft Visual Studio environment.

Today, business and information technology are two integral parts, as it seems impossible to distinguish between the two in organizations. Information systems are new management tools that help organizations achieve their business goals. Therefore, communities and organizations, provided that they are able to develop knowledge in the field of information and communication technologies can hope for their development. To this end, organizations are planning to enter different digital arenas and evaluation of e-readiness for measuring their level of success is of particular importance. Determining the ability to accept, use and apply ICT and its related applications within and outside organizations is one of the issues that is important for organizations. In this research, we tried to present dimensions and components of the e-readiness to accept the e-commerce by investigating the existing models and considering the strengths and weaknesses of either of them. For this purpose, firstly, the proposed models for evaluating the e-readiness have been examined. Then, applying the multi-disciplinary method, a new classification of dimensions and components is presented. To determine the components, the Delphi panel has been developed and finalized by the experts and economists of the e-commerce field in four stages. Finally, the model developed for the small and medium sized industries of the industrial city of Shamsabad, Tehran, has been simulated through dynamic analysis.

In recent years, the concept of congestion has been interested to researchers. Congestion has occurred when an increase in one or more inputs reduces one or more outputs, while other inputs and outputs are unchanged (or vice versa). This concept is important in economics, which means that eliminating congestion reduces costs and increases outputs. On the other hand, in production process or the provision of services, in addition to producing the desirable output, undesirable outputs are produced, too. The concept of congestion in the presence of undesirable factors is different because we desire to increase the desirable outputs and reduce undesirable outputs; therefore, in the presence of undesirable factors, the common definitions and theories to measure congestion cannot be used. In this paper, some of the congestion models using data envelopment analysis are reviewed then a new method for measuring the congestion in presence of undesirable outputs with linear weak disposability assumption is presented. The application of this method has been shown to analyze the effect of congestion in the presence of undesirable outputs on the college faculties’ efficiency. The results show that all inefficient units have congestion in input.

esign science research (DSR) is a modern and contemporary approach which is recently used by system science researchers such as information system scientists and decision support system experts. However, these years, a few studies in decision and management science have employed design science research to solve managerial problems especially in Iran. It is due to the lack of transparency in its theoretical background and some gaps in design science research literature such as inadequate techniques and tools, ignore of some important artifacts like method and vagueness in relations among different components of design science research. The current study aims to do a systematic literature review to discuss these gaps and develop initiatives to solve them. Moreover, it proposes some new techniques and tools to do design science research. Finally, to illustrate applicability of the developed methodology, an example is presented. It uses the developed methodology to design a modeling method of the complex social and technical systems.

Many products are produced in networks of firms connected to each other by transactions. From a supply network perspective, the relative position of individual firms with respect to one another affects both strategy and behavior. Despite the importance of such networks little is known about relationship patterns and structural complexity of them. Social network analysis (SNA) approach is a proper method for modelling and understanding structural attributes of such networks. Hence, this study identifies those centrality measures of SNA highly related with supply network efficiency, using buyer-supplier relationship data collected from 45 steel companies in Iran. In a multistage procedure, a DEA model (BCC-input oriented) is used to calculate firm level efficiencies and SNA is applied to measure centrality metrics in supply network. Then, these variables are applied in data panel regression with constant effects to identify those variables most relevant to productive efficiency. The results indicated productive efficiency has positive association with in-degree and betweenness centrality and negative association with out-degree centrality in logistic flow network. Also, in the contractual relationship network, productive efficiency has positive association with degree centrality and negative association with eigenvector Researches in the literature have confirmed although not without exceptions