KNOWLEDGE STUDIES IN THE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY
Year:2021 | Volume:24 | Issue:4 (85)|Papers Count:16

Objectives: The following research is trying to study the rate of tendency to interdisciplinary researches in Ph. D. theses, master’ s theses, and even bachelor theses in academics over the past eighty years and analyze the results by comparing different universities and fields. Method: The present study is an analytical-documentary research with a statistical view. Results and Conclusion: Despite the science world’ s paying attention to interdisciplinary topics, this issue-especially in Islamic education and health sciences-has not been well established among the academics of this region who are believed to be the most important directors of the matter of knowledge and research; and this disregard is more tangible among NGO academics. Another important discovery based on available statistics, is the greater attention paid by Islamic education graduates to mental health in comparison with health sciences graduates; from which can be understood that spirit or ego issues have the boldest role in interdisciplinary researches on religious and health science-related subjects. Health sciences academics’ disregard for the matter of spirit, based on statistics, is also considerable; especially now that it’ s proven that even many physical illnesses have a root in paying insufficient attention to the matter of mental health.

Objectives: In the intellectual system of the Leader of the Revolution, prejudice and stagnation are considered as dangerous harms in scientific research. The purpose of this study is to explore the Supreme Leader's view on scientific petrification, what it is, its dimensions and consequences. Another objective is to avoid obstacles to the scientific development of the country, especially the fundamental change in the humanities. Method: In this research, using the explanatory-analytical method, while exploring the views of the Supreme Leader of the Revolution about scientific petrification, the do's and don'ts of scientific modern thinking were pointed out. The method of data collection was library type and descriptive description was used to explore the perspective. Results: According to the statement of the second step of the revolution, knowledge has been considered the most obvious means of honor and power of a country, and the country needs to be boiled down to the source of knowledge. To achieve this, we must be aware of the norms and anomalies, do's and don'ts in the field of science and knowledge. According to the research findings, the production of science required the courage to innovate and get rid of the shackles of scientific dogmatism and petrification. Conclusion: This research reached the important conclusion that among the elements involved in research ethics is the avoidance of scientific petrification. Numerous harms were expressed for this moral anomaly, the most important of which were stagnation, lethargy, scientific stillness, and confrontation with anything new and innovative.

Objectives: The present article aims to review the book "Philosophy of Ethics Based on Educational Issues" in terms of compliance with textbook standards. The key question was, to what extent did the textbook conform to the structural criteria of the textbook? Method: The method used in this article was content analysis method. Results: Findings showed that this textbook was far from textbook standards despite some textbook features such as goals, exercises, and resources for further study. Cases such as non-standardization of goals, for example, 87% of the objectives were not sentence or inappropriate for pre-organizations, whereas 66% of preorganizations did not have structured lessons. Conclusion: These points indicate that to convert this book to a textbook in accordance with the standards, additional efforts must be made to address the deficiencies in the textbook dimension. Given the emergence of textbook editing in this field, it is suggested that other scholars also review this textbook to provide a richer context by offering appropriate suggestions.

Objectives: The present survey aims at explaining the relationship between the educational teachings of Abu Hamze Thomali prayer and development of social skills of Farhangian University students. Method: A simple random sampling method with statistical population including 250 undergraduate students of Tehran Farhangian University. The statistical sample size was determined 151 people based on Cochran's formula. The instruments of this research, as a survey correlational study, included a researcher-made questionnaire of educational teachings and a social skills standard questionnaire (Garsham and Elliott, 1990) with a range of five Likert options. Their formal and content validity were confirmed by ten experts. The reliability of both questionnaires was calculated through Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0. 94 and 0. 81, respectively. Pearson correlation test and multivariate regression were used to analyze data. Results: There is a significant relationship between the educational teachings of Abu Hamze prayer ("repentance", "trust", "fear and hope", "avoidance of hypocrisy", "avoidance of arrogance and pride", "kindness", "thanksgiving", and "patience") and the development of social skills ("self-control", "empathy", and "cooperation") of Farhangian University students. There is no significant relationship between " self-assertive" component and any of the educational teachings of Abu Hamze prayer. Abu Hamze prayer’ s educational teachings can predict 42% of students' social skills development. Conclusion: The authors of the article conclude that teachings of Abu Hamze Thomali prayer lead to development of the social skills of students.

Objectives: The purpose of this article is to reconstruct and formulate Morteza Motahari's arguments about the meaning of Islamic social science. Accordingly, both his positive and independent views were expressed, and others' negative and critical statements were answered. Method: The data collection of this paper was text-based and inferential and deductive method based on qualitative content analysis was used in data analysis. Results: Morteza Motahari's criticisms of the meaninglessness of Islamic social science were as follows: the prevalence of Islamic social themes; The interplay of Islam's end with social science, the epistemic logic of Islam with social science, the relevance of Islamic knowledge, and the relevance of Islamic analysis to social science. Conclusion: First, Islamic social science was religiously justified, and Islam had such a link with social science; secondly, rationally, there was also a possible impediment to the scientific rationality of science. And it was meaningful, necessary, and necessary, and we must seek to theorize about it.

Objectives: The article at hand aims at giving a clear account of mental being within the context of discussions pertaining to ontology of knowledge in Transcendent Philosophy as well as discovering educational implications follow therefrom. Method: The method of the survey is inferential (practical syllogism). Results: The findings of the research could be expressed in two main steps. First, the problem of mental being in Mulla Sadra’ s philosophy has been discussed and then formulated as four central propositions: “ mental being is a level of the whole being” , “ at the level of acquired knowledge, an entity’ s quiddity does exist with its mental being in the mind” , “ an entity’ s mental being and its external being are identical in quiddity” , and “ acquiring mental beings is, as we say, some sort of mind’ s development” . These are to be counted as (a number of) fundamentals of education. At the second step, taking benefit of an inferential method (practical syllogism), the educational implications of these fundamentals are uncovered. Conclusion: The principles of “ the need for gaining certain knowledge and avoiding the uncertain” and “ the priority of certain knowledge over the uncertain in the education” are means to the purpose of “ having a certain knowledge of the whole being” , and the principle of “ development and intensifying of acquired knowledge” prepares the ground for getting to the purpose of “ mental development” .

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare, evaluate and evaluate the Kataphatic theology in the epistemological domain of Divine attributes in the monkey mind (born 530 AH / 1135 AD), a prominent Jewish scholar and Ayatollah Dr. Mohammad Sadeghi Tehrani (6-1), contemporary Quran researcher. Method: The present study used a descriptive-analytical method to rationally analyze these two views. Results: According to this character, not only the inherent affirmative attributes of God but also "divine existence" expresses the negative meaning and the "resemblance" of their common argument in critique of the theology. Conclusion: "Confusion between concept and case", "equilibrium of substantive and non-material cognition", "incorrect interpretation of two Quranic teachings of Hamad's accompaniment to glorification and divine essence of impersonal description" and "lack of correct picture of the most important objective theology" are epistemological and ontological aspects of these two perspectives.

Objectives: The purpose of this article is to examine the practical course (Sira'ah) of the Prophet (p. b. u. h. ) in the political sector and to discover the components of the main desired political structure in order to present a genuine Islamic model capable of shaping a modern Islamic civilization. Method: In this paper, we have tried to extract and introduce the components of the civilization in the political dimension by analyzing the content of the Prophet's Sira'ah. Results: The findings are as follows: Establishment of the Islamic Ummah, Emphasis on the Imamate and leadership of the Ummah, Tolerance, Consultation and Avoidance of Tyranny, Governance of Law, Freedom of Expression, Fulfilling the covenant and Fight against violations of government agents. Conclusion: In conclusion, it should be acknowledged that observance of the foregoing is the basis for arranging a favorable political structure that can take different forms depending on time and place conditions and requirements, but should in no way be devoid of these principles.

Objectives: The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the methodological richness of religious sciences in matching Western disciplines to comparative study of cross-cutting issues. Method: In this descriptive-comparative method, parallel ideas in two methodological schools are discussed. Results: Attention to methodological science has a long history in non-Islamic sciences. Although second-hand knowledge has also been dealt with in Islamic science, and the outline of Samanieh is one of the most important aspects of the "philosophy of science" that has been considered in Islamic science, but the discussion of method as an independent chapter in theorizing, Islamic scholars have not received serious attention. Martyr Ayatollah Seyyed Mohammad Baqir Sadr is one of the scholars who in his important interdisciplinary jurisprudence points to and uses a rather rigorous methodology. Conclusion: The concept of school and its method of discovery is the most central one in the field of economics jurisprudence and have been adapted to the concept of paradigm in the methodological discussions of the ancient American physicist Thomas.

Objectives: Two theories of the union of divine attributes with God by Sadr al-Din and the negation of attributes of God by Ibn-Arabi are two rival theories that still have many proponents. Imam Khomeini considered both theories to be valid and explained in his works. Leading research was based on a comparison of the ratio of the two theories and the search for the root of the difference between the two approaches with terminological and anthological considerations. Method: This research was qualitative and was done by analyticaldescriptive method. Results: These two theories are in a correct proportion and in harmony with the rules and assumptions of her own intellectual system and due to the use of gradational unity of existence in the language of argument and personal unity of existence in expressing mystical experiences, both approaches are acceptable to Imam Khomeini. Conclusion: In the intellectual system of gradational existence, simple truth is the Necessary Being that is united with all possible levels and possesses the qualities of perfection inherently and absolutely, while On Personal Unity of Existence, Simple truth is the First issued that has all the possible attributes. Almighty Lord's attributes are substances of divine attributes which bears no resemblance to the possible attributes and like the unseen essence, are unknown and beyond the reach of human knowledge.

Objectives: This study aimed to explain faith and its semantic domain from Ibn Taymiyyah’ s (d. 728/1328) point of view. Method: The method used in this research was a combination of documentarylibrary and descriptive-analytical semantics. By referring to Ibn Taymiyyah’ s primary sources, the term faith was first studied, and then the relationship between faith and its other companion and successor concepts from Ibn Taymiyyah’ s point of view were extracted and analyzed semantically. Results and Conclusion: One of the findings of the present study was that contrary to the Wahhabis who claim to follow Ibn Taymiyyah, Ibn Taymiyyah’ s viewpoint had a lot of affinity with Shiite beliefs on the subject of faith. Proper explanation and promotion of Ibn Taymiyyah’ s viewpoint on the subject of faith can provide an important platform for the formation of discourse and interaction with Salafi-takfiri’ s fundamental groups.

Objectives: The purpose of the present survey is to indicate the Ethical fundamentals of citizenship rights in imam Khomeini, s thoghts and it, s effect on respect for citizenship rights. Method: The method of the research is analytical and inferential based on Imam Khomeini, s works. Data collection is through library method. Results: The results of the article indicate that ethical fundamentals in imam Khomeini, s thoghts are based on nature, Religious rationality, Intrinsic dignity and human development. Conclusion: The author of the paper concludes that Divine ethics will lead to responsible presence of citizens in Islamic government with the aim of getting closer to God (proximity). The mentioned theory will increase political development, social freedom, multiple advocacy, Legality, tolerance and cognition, respect for individual and social rights and finally growth in Virtues, excellence and progress in Islamic society.

Objectives: The purpose of this article is to extract the components of the concept of "Social Current" and "Study of (Social) Currents" from the theories of scholars. Method: This article is written by descriptive and analytical method and by using library resources. And the approach is second-rate (Scientific Philosophy). Results: Seven components of "Current" were developed from the viewpoints of the thinkers. They can provide a complete definition of "Study of currents". Conclusion: "Study of (Social) Currents" is a new approach to teaching and researching historical, intellectual, and cultural topics. Unlike traditional methods, this approach is both appealing to audiences and close to the application stage. Based on the extracted components, the optimal definition of "Current" and "Study of currents" is formulated.

Objectives: The purpose of this essay is to properly defend the Takwani province of Ahl al-Bayt as one of the important teachings of the Shiites that has been criticized by the Iranian Salafists. Method: In order to achieve this goal, a descriptive-analytical method is used, in which the reasons and doubts of the Salafists are first mentioned and then analyzed. Results: Contrary to the Iranian Salafist viewpoint, Ahl al-Bayt in terms of existential capacity, they are different from other human beings and, by the permission of God, are capable of possessing a formative occupation in the universe. Their mistake is in the selective and incomplete view of certain categories of religious scripture that are largely invalid. Conclusion: The Salafist-Iranian claim as a result of belief in the development of Tawquinite Ahl al-Bayt such as exaggeration, idolatry and contradiction with traditions is false, and not only does this belief have no corruptions expressed by the Salafists but also religious proof. They are, and there is even some rational evidence that supports this point.

Objectives: The purpose of this article is to present a major historical narrative of Morteza Motahhari and to explain its position in legitimizing the political discourse arising from the Islamic Revolution. Method: In this descriptive-analytical study, the macro narrative of Motahari historiography has been analyzed and its role in political legitimacy and theoretical impact on the theoretical foundations of the Islamic Revolution has been studied. Results: Motahari's historiographical system derived from Shi'i religious worldview and the Qur'an and hadiths, as the most important source of his historical attitude, has played an unmatched role and subsequently created a vast narrative that has evolved. The movement of history is explained by concepts such as nature, absence, imamate, evolution, spiritual evolution, and such. Conclusion: This study has shown that Motahhari's historical thinking and his historical insight into legitimizing the Islamic Revolution in Iran have made an ideological and theoretical link and that the political phenomenon of revolution in Motahhari's view is an important component in continuing the process. History has been based on nature and Mahdism.