JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND AUDITING RESEARCHES (ACCOUNTING RESEARCH)
Year:2019 | Volume:11 | Issue:43|Papers Count:11

Most studies on the relevance of valuation laws and the structure of financial market have used linear approaches for analysis. In this study asks whether the effect of valuation laws on the structure of financial market is stable under different economic conditions or not. The importance of answering to this question becomes clear when economic policymakers seek to adopt appropriate policies in the financial sector in order to increase the structure of the financial market. This study In terms of purpose is applied research and In terms of analytical method is a type of analytical research. Statistics and the information needed for the research were collected through documentary or library method and the data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The statistical population is all D8 countries (including: Iran, Turkey, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia, Egypt and Nigeria). EViews6 and MATLAB software were used to estimate the model. According to the reported results, the following points can be Inferable: Valuation laws have a non-linear effect on the structure of financial market. The varying effect of valuation laws on the structure of financial market in different regimes Confirms that valuation laws improves performance in the structure of financial market, but this effect varies during the time so that even a negative effect is possible. .

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between management efficiency(Ability)and auditor change with emphasis on the role of information asymmetry. For this purpose, 84 companies were surveyed for the period from 2009 to 2013 by statistical population screening method for 420 observations (year-company). Demerjian et al. (2012) model was used to measure management efficiency and Chiang and Venkatesh (1986) model was used to measure information asymmetry. The results of hypothesis testing using multivariate logistic regression showed that there was no significant relationship between management efficiency and auditor change. But the information asymmetry moderator variable significantly moderated the relationship between management performance and auditor change. The results showed that among the control variables, there was a significant relationship between the type of auditor's opinion and the firm size with the change of audit.

Bankruptcy prediction is a topic which affects all countries economic well being. It is vital for all firms to have an accurate model to predict the bankruptcy by default which can pick up the signs of financial distress on time. Therefore, they need a prediction model which can easily recognize the bankruptcy symptoms. For this purpose, this research provides an optimal model to predict bankruptcy by using invasive weed optimization algorithm. The research sample consists of 112 bankrupt and healthy firms, during 2002 to 2012 in accordance with their size and industry type. To evaluate the efficiency of the model invasive weed algorithm-based compared to Altman’ s 𝑍 ′ model, the forenamed models accuracies were evaluated on appropriate prediction of companies’ bankruptcy. The total accuracy of bankruptcy models based invasive weed algorithm and Altman’ s 𝑍 ′ model equal to 97/32%, 54/46% in the event year, 89/28%, and 48/21% in the year prior to event year, and 74/10% and 32/14% in two years prior to the event year, respectively. The results indicate that the model based on invasive weed algorithm can predict the firms’ bankruptcy by higher accuracy in comparison with Altman’ s 𝑧 ′ model.

The present study aim is modeling and comparing predictive power of GARCH models in forcasting stock returns volatility in Tehran Stock Exchange. Therefore was selected time period from 03/20/2009 to 03/19/2017 based daily returns of total price index (TEPIX) including 1900 observation and reviewed GARCH، EGARCH، PGARCH، GJR، GARCH-M، FIGARCH and FIEGARCH models with time series approach and under the normal distribution assumption and evaluated Predictive performance of those models based Mean Squared Error (MSE), Median Squared Error (MedSE), Mean Absolute Error Statistic (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Theil Inequality Coefficient (TIC) measures. The results showed the FIGARCH models have least error In terms of three criteria MSE, MAE and RMSE Which shows the Fitness of this model is better than all other models to predict the volatility of stock returns. It was also found that returns of the total stock price index (TEPIX) have cluster volatilities which means that with low fluctuations, have small volatility in subsequent periods and severe volatility with high fluctuations.

The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of momentum on stock returns and risk and its simultaneous effect on the risk and returns of the listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose, a sample of 98 companies was selected during the years 1385 to 1394. The research hypotheses are estimated using linear time series regression. According to the results of the first hypothesis test, the momentum has a positive and direct effect on the returns of the companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange. Based on the results of the test The second hypothesis, the momentum on the stock risk of the companies admitted to Tehran Stock Exchange has a negative effect. Based on the results of the third hypothesis test, the momentum has a negative and inverse relationship between the simultaneous risk and returns of the companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange, and this effect is more affected by the equity risk component.

Reported earnings of a company reflects the efficient allocation of resources within the company and the company's operating activities. Therefore managers have strong incentives to manage earnings. This study examines The Impact of financial flexibility and financial Constraints on earnings management. financing and the purpose of the application of the methodology of the study was causal (after the event) is. The research population firms listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange is using systematic elimination as a sample of 103 companies in the period between 2010 to 2015 were selected. The results showed that financial flexibility have negative impact on real and Accruals base earnings manaement. The results showed that financial Constraints on Accruals base earnings management has a positive impact but did not show significant effect on the real earnings management.

This study, in order to identify the factors affecting the development of strategic human resource management in Sayyhati Parisian Company, has studied the role of components such as organizational culture, leadership, organizational transformation as key and effective strategies in strategic human resource management development has been studied. The research method was descriptive-survey. The sample size of this study was estimated to be 208 people. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire with two main dimensions, 6 components and 100 questions and using Likert 2-degree scale and Cranach’ s alpha coefficient was used to assess its validity. The dimensions of organizational culture were calculated 0. 929, organizational leadership 0. 837, organizational evolution 0. 948, management 0. 91, employees 0. 867 and strategy 0. 955. Also calculated for validity, content validity and relationship between questions and components. Approved. At the level of descriptive statistics of frequency, percentage, cumulative percentage, mean and standard deviation ndependent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and structural equation modeling were used for inferential statistics. The results indicated that three dimensions (organizational culture, leadership, organizational evolution and strategic planning) are effective in developing strategic human resources management in Parsian Tourism Company.

The main purpose of this research is to provide a new model of corporate governance and corporate governance, which has been used in terms of corporate entrepreneurship, social responsibility and the moderating role of information technology. The research method is descriptive correlational. The statistical population of the study is the companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange, which is based on the Cochran formula, 203 company's top managers has been used to collect data. Data were collected by using three standard questionnaires. Reliability and validity were verified by divergence and convergence tests. The data analysis method was performed using Smart-Pls software. In the results of the research, the positive and significant impact of corporate governance on firm performance; corporate governance on social responsibility; corporate governance on corporate entrepreneurship; social responsibility on firm performance; corporate entrepreneurship on firm performance is confirmed. But in the results of the research, the moderation role of information technology in the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and company performance and the relationship between corporate governance and corporate performance is not confirmed.

The main purpose of the paper is to estimate the effect of mandatory adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on the relationship between market-based measured of risk and acconting variables using a sample of banks are listed on the Theran stock exchanges that covers pre-IFRS and post-IFRS periods201 5-2017, in order to examine whether IFRS introduction enhaces the systematic and nonsystematic risks. Employing pearson correlation coefficient and paired – samles t test and the Fisher r-to-z transformation, our finding show that the adoption IFRS reinforces positive association between loans to assets ratio with systematic risk while credity and size with systematic and nonsystematic risk and conservatism and EPS with systematic risk are inversely related under IFRS. In addition, the relationship between income diversification and market measures of risk is satistically significate after the adoption IFRS, than earning par share are inversely related with systematic risks. Finally IFRS didn’ t has any effect in the relationship between liquidity and systematic and nonsystematic risks. The evidence supports the findings for European companies and thus points to the benefits potentially available to companies in countries that have yet to adopt IFRS. Our findings highlight the effects of mandatory adoption IFRS in iranian banks so we suggest to reduce systematic risks in other companies, IFRS will be initially adopted voluntarily.

The main purpose of this research is investigation the effect of clean opinions, big four of Auditor on the level of clients’ Tax Avoidance. The auditor expertise in an industry is constructive ideas to help clients, providing fresh insights and solutions to some of the issues that are faced by clients in their respective industries. Tax Avoidance and evasion in countries has caused that the country's tax revenue is estimated to be less than that. As industry experts have superior knowledge and experience than are lay, therefore, clients receive tax audit from auditors are expert in comparison to other auditors. Present research is study of applied and causation research which in that the effects of single and dual expertise in the industry on corporates tax avoidance in to help 9 hypotheses were investigated. The study sample consisted of 71 companies for the period 2004 to 2014 were studied. Research hypotheses by using Heckman two-stage procedure and panel data statistical methods have been tested. The results show that nonclean opinions and big auditors have an effect on corporate tax avoidance. In other words, the companies that their auditors are the nonclean opinions and big auditors, have lower cash effective tax rates.

One way to help investors, companies and others are involved money market and capital, prediction models about the overall prospects of companies and so that investors can make good decisions [12]. Presented theories and models to predict abnormal returns indicate that there is no absolute consensus. One of the methods is very good at forecasting the financial variables such as stock prices, stock returns, stock market crash and the use of neural network approach. The major advantage of this method over other methods can be found in this issue that better data consistency is maintained [54]. In this research to predict abnormal returns stock of two artificial neural network and fuzzy neural network approach was used in this way accurately predict abnormal returns are examined by this tool. Input variables to predict abnormal returns include earnings forecast, the degree of financial leverage, return on investment, accounting transparency, conservative accounting, the value of the brand and management have been too confident. For this purpose were examined, 452 companies-year screening method for a period of five years (2017-2012) of the companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange. Findings demonstrate the power of predictive artificial neural network, fuzzy neural network to predict abnormal stock returns was more than that with the margin of error is less.