Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
Year:2017 | Volume:39 | Issue:2 |Papers Count:14

Background: Leishmaniasis consisted of a set of parasitic disease with a spectrum of clinical symptoms appear, including coetaneous Leishmaniasis, mucosal and visceral all symptoms. Recently, there has been considerable progress in the use of herbal medicines for the treatment of Leishmaniasis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of thyme essential oils of four plant species compared with Amphotericin B on Leishmania Amastigotes in invitro. Methods: Leishmania (Leishmania major) strains were cultured with medium RPMI-1640 containing 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) and antibiotics and transported at a temperature of 25 ± 2 ° C. The stationary phase of growth were studied in different concentrations of essential oils in comparison with the control drug, Amphotericin B on Leishmania Amastigotes by using colorimetric meth. The absorbance was measured (Optical density) by means of (ELISA reader) and was calculated as the IC 50. The mean absorbance of the groups studied showed no significant difference (P <0/001), the Duncan test showed significant differences between the concentrations of the test and control groups. Results: The results showed that optical absorption and IC 50 species of thyme essential oils affect drug compared with controls. Conclusions: Our results showed that the herb thyme is effective for the treatment of coetaneous Leishmaniasis. According to these results suggest that the efficacy was evaluated alone or in combination against human coetaneous Leishmaniasis as a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Nano-fiber is a high-performance anti-microbial biocompatible polymer. And was used for Coverage of superficial wounds, such as burn wounds. These nanofibers can be a suitable alternative to conventional bandage. in this research the preparation of nanofibers and anti-bacterial properties has been studied. Methods: Polymer solution of chitosan/ polyethylene oxide/ henna extract were prepared and using electros pining machine for nanofibers prepared and Its antibacterial properties was evaluated with Hinton agar medium containing the bacteria Escherichia coli and staphylococcus. Results: The diameter of nanofibers were of 130 to 300 nm with SEM microscopy. the result of antibiogram tests with disks containing antibiotics and nanofibers indicates the zone of no growth bacterial growth on medium. As regards the prevent infection were the most important point in the treatment of burns and wounds so bandage containing nanofibers with anti-bacterial properties can be used instead of using antibiotics with numerous side effects. Conclusions: The results of Antibiogram test indicate the high antibacterial properties of prepared Nano-fibers this is due to the antibacterial properties of chitosan and extracts Henna.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate effect of fatigue protocol on vertical ground reaction forces absorption in soccer players and study injury mechanism emergent of it. Methods: 12 health elite soccer players participated in this study. Subjects performed jump-landing at pre, mid and post soccer specific fatigue protocol (SAFT90). Peak vertical ground reaction forces and rate of loading measured by one force plate. Results: 12 healthy subjects (Age: 21. 42 ± 2. 05 years; Height: 174. 91 ± 5. 03 cm; Weight: 70. 7 ± 5. 27 kg) were studied. The significant difference had shown between pre-test and post-test fatigue protocol and between mid-test and post-test fatigue protocol in rate of loading (p˂ 0. 05) but between pre-test and mid-test were not significant (p˂ 0. 05). Also the difference of peak vertical ground reaction forces just between pre-test and post-test fatigue protocol were significant (p˂ 0. 05) but between other groups were not significant (p˂ 0. 05). Conclusions: After 90 minute simulated soccer activity seems decreases the player’ s ability to control forces incur on those. This decrease could because of fatigue in lower extremity muscles especially in quadriceps muscles that have an important role in forces absorption and the procedure could increase pressure on the other tissues and increase risk of injury, such as non-contact ACL injury, at the end of 90 minute of soccer match.

Background: Incidence and mortality rate of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults are 0. 3-0. 5 and 5-15 percent, respectively in admitted patients. Diagnosis of disease proposed based on history, physical examination and laboratory studies, and confirmed based on radiologic findings. In this setting, the assessment of severity of illness is valuable for clinicians caring for patients with CAP. CURB-65 usually employed to predict prognosis in CAP. Also, some biomarkers such a serum cortisol used for this purpose. This study designed in order to determine the relation of serum total cortisol levels and pneumonia severity based on CURB-65 system scores. Methods: In this descriptive study, 52 cases admitted in Imam Reza and Sina hospitals with definite diagnosis of CAP evaluated for serum total cortisol levels and CURB-65. Results: In this study, 51. 9 and 48. 1 percent of cases were males and females, respectively, with mean age of 69. 57± 17. 83 years. Five patients are dead. There was no significant relation between low serum cortisol levels and CURB-65 system scores. Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, serum total cortisol levels measurement is not valuable in determining severity and prognosis of CAP.

Background: β-Carbolines are found in cigarette smoke and cooked protein-rich foods such as meat and fish products, reflecting its formation from tryptophan by pyrolysis. β-Carbolines such as harmaline(HA) has been shown to exert multiple pharmacologic actions, including monoamine oxidase inhibition, convulsive or anticonvulsive action, and anxiolytic effects. . Harmaline has also been shown to act on a variety of receptor systems in the mammalian brain, including those for serotonin, dopamine and benzodiazepines. In animals, it has been reported to affect short and long term memory. In the present study, effects of the dorsal hippocampus 5-HT1receptor agonist (CP94253hydrochloride) on the harmaline (HA)-induced amnesia was examined in mice. Methods: In 1 experiment five groups of animals received saline (10 ml/ kg) and different doses of HA (0. 625, 0. 75, 2 and 4 mg/kg) 15 min before testing training, In 2 experiment groups of animals received saline (10/kg, i. p. ) and CP94253hydrochloride (0. 0005, 0. 005, 0. 01 and0. 25 ng/mouse) 15 min before training and In 3 experiment five groups of animals received HA (0. 625, . 75, 2 and 4 mg/kg) and CP94253hydrochloride (. 25 ng/mouse) 15 min before training. Results: Male NMRI mice weighing 20-25g were used in this study. Pre-training (0. 75 mg/kg) intraperitoneal(i. p. ) administration of Harmalie reduced memory formation, while harmaline. 625 mg/kg and 2, 4 mg/kg injected intraperitoneally and pre-training did not significantly influenced on memory behavior. 5HT1B/1D agonist CP94253 hydrochloride, (. 25 ng/mouse) administration had no effect on memory formation. Conclusions: The present findings suggest the involvement of agonist 5-HT1in Harmaline-induced impairment of memory formation.

Background: Tramadol is an analgesic medication. High prevalence of tramadol abuse has beenfrequently reported. This study was aimed to evaluate the common and serious complications and deathcases due to tramadol intoxication. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 420 patients hospitalized in poisoning ward ofTehran Loghman Hospital for four months period. Patient’ s characteristics and medical complications wererecorded during hospitalization and subsequent visits. Results: Convulsion (31. 3%) and apnea (6. 2%) were the most serious side effects in patients using withtramadol intoxication. The incidence of apnea was correlated with the drug doses (P<0/5%). However, theincidence of other complications was not significantly related with the drug dose. Conclusions: The high prevalence of tramadol abuse, and its high and dangerous complications in ourcountry that requires careful vigilance of physicians and pharmacists in prescribing and selling tramadol, andfamilies’ awareness about the arbitrary use of his youth.

Background: Acromioclavicular dislocation is one of the most common shoulder injuries among athletes, and appropriate treatment of acromioclavicular joint dislocation is controversial. Acromioclavicular ligament (AC) and Coracoclavicular(CC) are the most important joint stabilizers. In joint dislocation the ligaments are torn, therefore the repair of these ligaments play an important role in increasing the joint stabilization after surgical treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare treatment results of Acromioclavicular dislocation with Coracoclavicular(CC) ligament repair and without it. Methods: In a descriptive analytical study, 40 patients with acute acromioclavicular dislocation required operative treatment were studied. In the target group in addition to an open reduction and fixation with screws, Coracoclavicular(CC) ligament repair with non-absorbable suture was done. Two groups were compared in terms of clinical outcome and functional ability and complications. Results: In this study, 40 patients were studied, including 39 males (97. 1%) and 1 female (2. 6%) were studied. The mean age was 31. 6 ± 8. 1 years. Comparisons of patient’ s performance according to Constant Score showed a significant difference between two groups. So that has been in the ligament repaired was 8. 7 ± 1. 7 and in other group was 10. 1 ± 2. 1. Also according to the Constant on ligament repair was higher points score 90% excellent and 10% good, the other group rated was 70% excellent and 30% good. Coracoclavicular (CC) distance in patients undergoing CC ligament repair was significantly reduced and was equally to the healthy side While in the cases without ligament repair was not diminished coracoclavicular(CC) distance. No complications were observed in the groups. Conclusion: Coracoclavicular(CC) ligament repair lead to better functional ability in patients with acute acromioclavicular dislocation and not associated with any symptoms.

Background: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is one of the most common causes of disability in children in developing countries. Orthopedic Surgery of the spastic type are common role in the treatment of upper and lower extremity deformities. Lower limb muscle involvement in various causes induced skeletal abnormalities and stature in the hip joints, knees and ankles pattern they will affect of the patients standing and walking. In the results of orthopedic surgical procedures are discrepancies that performed on the lower extremities of patients with cerebral palsy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of surgical treatment of orthopedic soft tissue of the patient's cerebral palsy. Methods: In a descriptive-analytical study, 100 patients with spastic cerebral palsy under lower limb soft tissue procedure were evaluated. Functional ability, standing and walking pattern, and range of motion of the ankle joint is examined. Results: In this study, 100 patients, including 68 males and 32 female were studied. The mean age was 8. 5 ± 4 years. Inability to stand independently was at 29% and the ability to walk independently at 71% of the preoperative and postoperative was 5% and 95%. The rate of postoperative equines gait 13%, and calcaneal deformity has been created 17%. The overall recurrence rate after two years, 29% and overcorrection has been 8%. In terms of functional performance between before and after surgery, there were no statistically significant differences. Conclusions: Based on the results of surgical treatment of soft tissue in spastic cerebral palsy in patients gait and standing are successful. Calcaneal deformity of is important long-term complications of surgery. Equines gait has a low recurrence rate with this treatment and was not associated with the short-term effects.

Background: Developmental Dysplasia of Hip (DDH) is a great challenge for pediatric orthopedics. Recently, one-stage surgical treatment of DDH especially in older children has gained attention; however, there is controversy about the long term results of this treatment in previous studies. The aim of current study was to evaluate long term results and complication of DDH in children. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 60 hips in 50 children between 2 to 5 years old with DDH who had one-stage treatment were evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups <3 and ≥ 3 years old and clinical results according to McKay criteria and radiographic results according to Servin criteria were studied. Excellent and good results in each method were considered as satisfactory and fair and poor results were considered as unsatisfactory. Results: Radiographic outcome was excellent in 73. 3%, good in 20%, fair in 6. 7% and satisfactory in 93. 3%. Clinical outcome was excellent in 71. 7%, good in 18. 3%, fair in 10% and satisfactory in 90%. Although there were better satisfactory results either clinically and radiographically in group II, the difference was not significant. Avascular necrosis in head of femur were observed in 23. 3% which was 30% in group I and 16. 7% in group II, but the difference was not significant. Conclusions: Results of current study are indicative of high efficacy of one-stage surgical treatment for DDH that accompanies with acceptable clinical and radiographic outcome.

Background: Metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related death. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in tumor migration and are known as the main factors in metastasis. Cancer stem cells are a rare population of tumor cells responsible for initiation, spreading and growth of cancer. Ibuprofen, a member of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) family is used for the prevention and treatment of certain cancers. In the present study, we investigate the effect of ibuprofen on metalloproteinase activity in gastric cancer cells. Methods: Gastric cancer stem cell of MKN45 cell lines was isolated by the spheroid colony formation technique. Gastric cancer stem cells were treated with various concentrations of ibuprofen to achieve the IC50 values. MMP activity in Gastric cancer stem cells treated with ibuprofen compared to control cells was investigated by zymography technique. Results: Metalloproteinase activity was reduced in the cancer stem cells treated with ibuprofen in comparison with the control cancer stem cells. Conclusions: Ibuprofen inhibits metastatic ability of gastric cancer cells by reducing metalloproteinase activity in gastric cancer stem cells.

Background: Recreational and therapeutic use of geothermal waters may result in dermal uptake of inorganic arsenic. Due to the abundance of hot water springs in Sarein Ardabil region, in the present study hydrogeochemical quality of hot water springs with frequent use were evaluated. Methods: Water samples were taken according to the standard methods and were analyzed for EC, cations, anions, alkalinity and pH. Arsenic concentration was determined using Atomic Absorption Graphite Furnace (GFAA) method. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed for determination of effective factors in water quality. Results: Most of studied waters tended to acidic properties and different concentration of arsenic from 6-240 μ g/l were observed in them. The highest values of arsenic were observed in Ghahveh Sooei, Sari soo, Besh Bajilar, General, Gavmish Gö li and Pehenloo hot water springs, respectively. Totally, the measured arsenic values in bicarbonate-magnesium hot water springs were higher than chloride-sodium ones. According to the statistical analysis, there was a strong significant correlation between the arsenic concentration and the measured values of magnesium, total hardness and pH however, a reverse significant correlation was observed between arsenic concentrations and sulfate values. Conclusions: Currently, dermal exposure to arsenic through hot water springs in the studied area is not a major health risk. However, the arsenic contaminated effluent from the hot water springs have potential for contamination of surface water and groundwater resources and must be managed in a manner to prevent pollution of drinking water resources.

Background: Diabetic hyperglycemia is one of the complication of diabetes leads to development of motor neurons and movement dysfunction. In this study, using open field test, the effect of cerebrolysin, as a compound with several neurotrophic factors, has evaluated on the hyperglycemia induced locomotor disorders. Methods: Following induction of diabetes, motor behavior of rats was assessed on days 7, 14 and 21, post diabetes induction. Results showed that on day 21, animals developed marked locomotion impairments. Diabetic animals were divided in to pretreatment and treatment groups. In both groups cerebrolysin was injected intraperitoneally for 21 consecutive days. Animal in pretreatment groups received different doses of cerebrolysin (1, 2. 5 and 5 ml/kg). In treatment groups cerebrolysin was injected at the doses of 5 ml/kg. Results: Results from open field test in diabetic rats showed that, long-term administration of cerebrolysin only at the dose of 5 ml/kg improves motor disorders both in pretreatment (P<0. 01) and treatment groups (P<0. 05). Conclusions: According to obtained results, it seems that cerebrolysin can exhibit prophylactic and have therapeutic effects against the hyperglycemia induced locomotor complications in diabetic rats.