Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism
Year:2019 | Volume:18 | Issue:6|Papers Count:6

Background: Increased expression of HDAC5 reduces the expression of GLUT4 in slow-twitch fibers, and this mechanism has not been studied in diabetes. Therefore, the purpose of study was to investigate the effect of six weeks endurance training on protein levels of GLUT4 and HDAC5 in soleus muscle in diabetic rats. Methods: For this purpose, 32 male Wistar rats (weight: 245± 9. 4 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups: diabetic, diabetic and training, training, and control. At 8 weeks of age, diabetes was induced by streptozotocin. The endurance training was carried out five times per week for 6 weeks. 24 hours after the completion of the protocol, the mice were sacrificed and their soleus muscle was extracted. Then, the protein levels of GLUT4 and HDAC5 were measured using ELISA method. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data at a significant level of P<0. 05. Results: Results showed significant differences between control and training (P=0. 008), training and diabetic training (P=0. 004), and training and diabetic (P=0. 0005) groups in GLUT4 levels. But, in HDAC5, results showed that there is not significant differences only between control and training groups (P=0. 99), and there are significant differences among other groups (P<0. 05). Also, there is a significant inverse relationship between the protein levels of GLUT4 and HDAC5 (P=0. 012, r =-0. 439). Conclusion: It seems that six weeks moderate intensity endurance training increases protein levels of GLUT4. But endurance training only can decreases protein levels of HDAC5 in diabetes.

Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a complication type 2 diabetes mellitus that can lead to cardiac muscle autophagy through the proteins FOXO3a and Beclin-1. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of 8 weeks High intensity interval training (HIIT) on the content of FOXO3a and Beclin-1 proteins in heart muscle tissue of Sprague-Dawley rats with type 2 diabetic rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 12 two-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats with a mean weight of 270± 20 g were selected. After diabetic induction with STZ and Nicotinamide, rats were randomly assigned to two groups, diabetic training (6 heads) and diabetic control (6 heads). The training group trained for 4 days a week in accordance with the training program (each session 42 minutes, 10-30 m/m) for 8 weeks, while the control group did not have any training program. Also, rats did not receive any insulin treatment during the study period. The independent t-test was used to analyze the data. Significance level is considered p≤ 0. 05. Results: Eight weeks of HIIT training resulted in a significant decrease in FOXO3a (P=0. 008) and Beclin-1 (P=0. 002) proteins content in diabetic training group compared to diabetic control group. Conclusion: It can be said that eight weeks of HIIT training decreased the FOXO3a/Beclin-1 autophagy pathway by decreasing FOXO3a and Beclin-1 protein content. Therefore, the use of HIIT exercises may be useful for diabetic subjects who are prone to diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Background: Type 2 diabete is a group of metabolic diseases whose common feature is elevated blood glucose levels due to defective insulin secretion, functional impairment, or both. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy on reducing the disturbed eating behaviors, psychological distress and body worthiness in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study that was performed on type 2 diabetic patients of Kermanshah. The samples were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups and Body Worthiness Scale, Disturbed Eating Behaviors Scale, DASS-21 Scale, and the Mindfulness Questionnaire were used. Patients in the experimental group received sessions of Mindfulness Based-Cognitive Therapy each week two months. While the control group did not receive an intervention during this period. After completing the intervention sessions, again, both groups were asked to complete the research tool. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (covariance). The findings were analyzed using Spss24 software. Results: The results showed is effective in eating behaviors, psychological distress and the body worthiness. Conclusion: Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on can decrease eating behaviors, psychological distress and enhance the body worthiness in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Dispositional optimism is the expectation of positive outcomes in the future, and it can have a moderating effect on the neuroendocrinal changes resulting from stress in patients with type-2 diabetes. Best Possible Self (BPS) is a Positive-Psychology intervention which attempts to increase optimism by encouraging the patient to imagine and write about desirable outcomes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of optimism on glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: The study sample included 60 individuals (30 in the control group and 30 in the experimental group). Every participant was a patient of Endocrinology Clinic of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The participants were chosen through simple random sampling. Study materials included the Revised Life Orientation Test (R-LOT) and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS). These questionnaires were administered before the intervention and then again two weeks later. Results: The Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) method was used to determine the effectiveness of intervention. Conclusion: Results suggest that BPS intervention increases optimism in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Diabetes and obesity are associated with a decrease in sexual function and sexual activity due to changes in sex hormones. The purpose of this study was to investigate the Independent and interactive effect of Tribulus terrestris supplementation and resistance training on testosterone, FSH, LH and erectile function in obese men with type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 40 obese men with type II diabetes (41. 97± 8. 01 years old, BMI 31. 97± 1. 87 kg/m 2 ) were divided into four groups: 1) Resistance training+ placebo 2) Tribulus terrestris 3) Resistance training+Tribulus terrestris 4) Control. Subjects in the first and third groups performed a Resistance training protocol for 8 weeks. Also, the subjects in the second and third groups received Tribulus terrestris 1000 mg daily (two 500 mg capsules) and the first group received the same amount of placebo. Blood samples and questionnaires were collected in two stages before and after the test to assess the biochemical values and erectile function. Statistical analysis of data was performed using t-test, one way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test at a significance level of 0. 05. Results: Results showed that erectile, testosterone, FSH and LH values increased significantly in the three groups of resistance training, tribulus terrestris and resistance training+tribulus terrestris (P≤ 0. 05). Also, were observed significant difference in all variables between resistance training+tribulus terrestris group whit resistance training and tribulus terrestris groups (P≤ 0. 05). Conclusion: It seams that eight weeks of independent Tribulus terrestris Consumption and performing Resistance training increases sexual and erectile function. But it seams, combining these two, causes more sexual and erectile dysfunction in obese men with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Nesfatin-1 is an adipokine that released by adipose tissue and participated in the regulation of insulin activity and glucose metabolism. The aim of this research is the investigation the effect of aerobic training and walnut consumption on nesfatin-1 and insulin resistance index of women Type 2 diabetes. Methods: 40 women aged 40 to 50 years old with type 2 diabetes after homogenization based on Bruce test were selected through targeted sampling and they were randomly assigned to four groups of training, walnut, training + walnut and control (each group was 10). The 8-week aerobic training was three sessions per week for 16 minutes with 65% of maximal heart rate in the first week, while in the eighth week it reached 30 minutes with 80% of maximal heart rate. The walnut groups each day replaced 25 to 27 grams of walnuts as part of a diet rich in PUFA fatty acids, replacing one third of total dietary fat. 24 hours before the first session and 48 hours after the last session of the protocol, all subjects received blood samples. The inter-subject inter-analysis variance analysis was used. The significance level was considered as P <0. 05. Results: In the training groups, weight, body mass index, glucose, insulin and insulin resistance decreased significantly and the maximum oxygen consumption and nesfatin-1 increased significantly(P<0. 05). Conclusion: Aerobic training with this intensity and amount can be recommended as auxiliary treatment for type 2 diabetic women. Walnut consumption with this value did not affect the level of blood glucose, insulin resistance index and nesfatin-1 in type 2 diabetic women. It is recommended that high-dose walnuts be used for effective operation.