Journal of Diabetes Nursing
Year:2019 | Volume:7 | Issue:2|Papers Count:6

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic systemic disorder, in which the metabolisms of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats is impaired due to a complete or partial deficiency of insulin hormone. One of the main problems of diabetic patients is sexual dysfunction, which can be improved through effective training. One of the educational methods of distance learning is that it has a positive and significant impact on learners. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of distance education on the sexual function of patients with type II diabetes. Materials and Methods: The present experimental study was conducted on the population of all diabetic patients referred to a diabetes clinic in Zabol, Iran. In this study, 60 diabetic patients were selected using simple random sampling method and randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The data gathering tool consisted of two parts, namely personal characteristics questionnaire and standard sex function questionnaire of Rosen women. First, the researcher gathered information from the samples through referring to the research environment and distributing the questionnaires. In the next step, a training package was given to each individual in the intervention group. Afterwards, they were given 4 weeks to practice what they had learned in the training sessions. The participants in the control group only received routine care. After a month, the sexual function questionnaire was completed again by the patients. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 22). Results: The comparison of pre-test and post-test showed that in the intervention group, the mean of general sexual performance increased from 19. 19 (21. 3) to 92. 20 (88. 2), which was statistically significant (P=0. 002). However, the means of overall sexual performance before and after the intervention were respectively 11. 16 (72. 2) and 34. 18 (55. 2) in the control group. Accordingly, there was no significant increase in the sexual functionality in the control group (P=0. 26). Conclusion: Regarding the high prevalence of sexual dysfunction, distance education can be used as an effective method for improving the sexual function of women with type II diabetes.

Introduction: Considering the importance and high prevalence of diabetes, it is necessary to consider the factors related to self-care in these patients in order to improve the health of the community. Regarding this, the present research was conducted to examine the causal model of self-care based on social support and health literacy through self-efficacy in the management of diabetes among diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 190 patients with diabetes mellitus referring to the endocrinologists in Tehran, Iran, in 2018. The study population was selected through convenience sampling method. The data were collected using the Social Support, Health Literacy, Self-Efficacy in Diabetes Management, and Diabetes Self-care Questionnaires. The data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling method. Results: The results showed significantly direct relationships between health literacy and self-care (β =0. 18, P≤ 0. 01), between social support and self-care (β =0. 15, P≤ 0. 05), between self-efficacy in the management of diabetes and self-care (β =0. 39, P≤ 0. 01) between health literacy and selfefficacy in managing diabetes (β =0. 25, P≤ 0. 01), and between social support and self-efficacy in diabetes management (β =0. 25, P≤ 0. 01). In addition, self-care showed indirect relationships with health literacy (0. 09=β , P≤ 0. 01) and social support (β =0. 09, P≤ 0. 01) through self-efficacy in the management of diabetes. Conclusion: As the findings indicated, health literacy and social support were effective not only in the management of diabetes through self-efficacy but also in self-care behaviors in diabetic patients.

Background: Patient education plays an important role in controlling diabetes. Training through texting and telegram is effective due to the elimination of time and place constraints. Moreover, an influential care relationship is established with the client. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of educating by short message service (SMS) and telegram reminders on adherence to the diet in teenagers with type I diabetes. Materials and Methods: This interventional study was carried out on 68 children and teenagers aged 12-16 years with type 1 diabetes in Gorgan, Iran in 2018. Sampling was performed through simple random sampling followed by random assignment into three groups of SMS (23 people), telegram (22 people), and control (23 people). The SMS and telegram groups received a diet-based educational program for 12 weeks as three messages per week. Data collection was completed using a demographic questionnaire and a scale for the Mediterranean diet. All the data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS software version 21. Results: The mean dietary adherence in the telegram group (P=0. 001) demonstrated a higher elevation post-intervention, compared to the SMS group (P=0. 004). In addition, in the control group, no significant alteration (P=0. 08) was observed post-intervention, in comparison with pre-intervention. Conclusion: According to our findings, SMS and telegram services can be used as a new and effective method for the formation of nutritional behaviors. Therefore, the results of this study can be used to train diabetic patients in clinics and treatment centers.

Introduction: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of mobile social networkbased mindfulness interventions, acceptance and commitment therapy, and mindfulness group therapy on depression, anxiety, and stress in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 80 type II diabetic patients, referring to the diabetes treatment centers of Isfahan, Iran, in the spring of 2018, using a pretest-posttest control group design with a 3-month follow-up. The study population was selected using purposive sampling technique based on the inclusion criteria, and then randomly assigned into three experimental groups and one control group. The DASS-21 questionnaire was used to measure depression, anxiety, and stress. The mindfulness group interventions and acceptance and commitment group therapy were conducted in eight 120-minutes sessions. In addition, the mobile social network-based mindfulness interventions were performed in 45-minute sessions every night for 8 weeks, except for holidays. The data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test using SPSS software (version 23). Results: According to the results, all three types of treatments had a significant effect on the improvement of psychological symptoms in diabetic patients. There was a significant difference among the social networking mindfulness interventions, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and mindfulness therapy in the reduction of depression (P=0. 001), anxiety (P=0. 001), and stress (P=0. 001) among patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Based on the findings, the use of mobile social network-based mindfulness interventions for patients who cannot participate in psychological treatment group meetings can be used as an effective intervention for the treatment of psychological symptoms, depression, anxiety, and stress in diabetic patients.

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases which also affects individuals' mental and psychological characteristics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of positive-psychology training on psychological well-being and its dimensions on patients with type II diabetes. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted based on a pretestposttest design with a control group and follow-ups. The participants were selected through convenient sampling from patients with type II diabetes who referred to Hazrat-e-Ali Health center in Isfahan during 2017. Subsequently, the participants were randomly divided into two groups of 15 people. The experimental group received positive psychology training, whereas the control group did not receive any treatment. Both groups were evaluated before and after the intervention and in the follow-up stage through Reef's Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire (1980). The data were analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA. Results: The results showed that positive psychology training correlated significantly with psychological well-being, self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, having a purpose in life, and environmental domination in patients with type II diabetes. In addition, there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups regarding the abovementioned variables. However, no significant difference was observed between the intervention and control groups regarding self-autonomy and personal growth (P<0. 001). ). Conclusion: Positive psychology training effectively improves the psychological well-being of patients with type II diabetes. Therefore, it is recommended that this treatment approach be used to help improve the psychological well-being of these patients.

Introduction: Hope has a significant role in coping with chronic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus. It seems that the improvement of psychological capital in patients with diabetes is one of the strategies for health promotion in these patients. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of hope-based therapy in psychological capital among patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental research was carried out on 40 patients with diabetes referring to the healthcare centers affiliated to Sirjan University of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran, and Health Services in 2018-2019, using a pretest-posttest design. The study population was selected through purposive sampling technique, and then randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group received eight 90-minute sessions of hope therapy. The intervention was based on the theory of hope proposed by Senyder, Herth, and Ruston and a selection of Molana poems focusing on hope and positivism issues. The data were collected in three stages namely, before, immediately after, and 3 months after the intervention, using the psychological capital Questionnaire developed by Luthans et al. data analysis was performed in SPSS software (version 22) using repeated measures ANOVA at a significance level of 0. 05. Result: The results showed significant differences between the two groups in terms of the psychological capital and its components (P<0. 05). In addition, the effect of intervention was stable in the intervention group. Conclusion: Hope therapy led to the improvement of psychological capital and its components (i. e., hope, resilience, optimism, and self-efficacy). Therefore, it is essential to consider hope therapy interventions when planning for the improvement of psychological capital in patients with diabetes.