Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism
Year:2021 | Volume:21 | Issue:2|Papers Count:6

Background: Although the relation of serum vitamin D levels with abdominal obesity has been investigated by previous observational studies, the results are inconsistent. In the current study, a dose-response metaanalysis was conducted on epidemiologic studies that evaluated this association in adults. Methods: We performed a systematic search of all published articles, up to May 2020, in five electronic databases. A total of 41 observational studies that reported odds ratios (ORs) or relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for abdominal obesity in relation to serum vitamin D levels in adults were found. Results: Meta-analysis on 36 cross-sectional studies (combining 44 effect sizes) with 257699 participants, illustrated that the highest serum vitamin D level in comparison with the lowest serum vitamin D level was significantly related to 23% decreased odds of central obesity (OR=0. 77; 95%CI: 0. 71-0. 83). This inverse association was also significant in almost all subgroups based on different covariates. Based on dose-response analysis, each 25 nmol/l increase in serum vitamin D levels, was related to 8% reduced risk of central obesity (OR=0. 92; 95%CI: 0. 85, 0. 99). After limiting the analysis to 23 effect sizes from 17 studies with representative population (242135 participants), the same results were obtained (OR=0. 79; 95%CI: 0. 71-0. 87). Based on dose-response analysis on studies with representative populations, each 25 nmol/l increase in blood vitamin D levels was linked to 10% decreased central adiposity risk(OR=0. 90; 95%CI: 0. 82, 0. 99). Conclusion: In this meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies, we demonstrated an inverse significant relation between serum vitamin D levels and risk of central obesity in adults, in a dose-response manner. The same findings were obtained in representative populations.

Background: Coronary heart disease is a viral infection that has become a pandemic disease. Given the comprehensive impact that this disease has on the lifestyle of individuals, the economic situation of the country, imported drugs; the present study aims to investigate the self-care status of patients with type 2 diabetes during the Covid epidemic. Methods: The study population in the present study was people with diabetes in Bushehr. The sampling method in the present study was purposeful and available sampling and the sample size was 13 people (7 men and 6 women). The research information was collected through a semi-structured interview for 40 to 60 minutes using open-ended questions. After the interview process, the answers were interpreted and coded using the content analysis method. Results: According to the results of the present study, in general, patients with type 2 diabetes during the period of Covid-19 epidemic did not have a favorable self-care status and many problems in the field of selfcare behavior (medication, nutrition and exercise and mobility) and in other Fields have experienced. Conclusion: Diabetics have experienced many problems during the Quaid 19 epidemic, which further reduces their quality of life; therefore, the government, the media, the patient's family, the patient himself, doctors, psychologists and counselors can be used to reduce these problems.

Background: Diabetes is the fourth leading cause of death in the world. And because so many people around the world have the disease, or are at risk for it, diabetes can be called the disease of the century. Diabetes has devastating effects on the health of people in the community and if diagnosed late, it can cause irreparable damage to vision, kidneys, heart, arteries and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to have methods to diagnose this disease in the early stages. In this article, data mining is used to diagnose diabetes. Methods: The main algorithm used in this paper is the random forest algorithm. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm in diagnosing diabetes, a data set was used that included 768 samples (patients) and had 8 characteristics. Because the stochastic forest algorithm is a hybrid algorithm created from several decision trees, it achieves high accuracy in diagnosing diabetes. Results: Using this algorithm, we were able to increase the accuracy of diabetes diagnosis to 99. 86%. Conclusion: Diabetes is the fourth leading cause of death in the world. Different algorithms have been used to diagnose this disease. We tried to use an algorithm that has a very high degree of accuracy compared to other algorithms for diagnosing this disease.

Background: Evidence has suggested that high-fat diet (HFD) promote hyperinsulinemia and pancreatic islet dysfunction with insulin resistance in adipose tissue. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of aerobic exercise and capsaicin on the gene expression of pancreaticPdx1 and GLUT2 in Rats HFD. Methods: this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats were fed a normal diet (ND, n = 8) or high-fat diet (HFD) (n = 32) for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks, all rats were divided into 5 groups: normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), high-fat diet-training (HFDT), high-fat diet-capsaicin (HFDCap), high-fat diet-training-capsaicin (HFDTCap). Training groups have performed a moderate intensity aerobic running program (60-50% VO2max, at 15-25 m/min, 30-60 min/day, and 5 days/week) on a motor-driven treadmill for eight weeks. Capsaicin (4 mg/kg/day) were administered orally, by gavage, once a day. Data were analyzed using ANOVA at p<0. 05. Results: the results showed significant increase in expression of Pdx1 and GLUT2 in HFDT (p = 0. 002 and p = 0. 003, respectively), HFDCap (p = 0. 022 and p = 0. 026, respectively) and HFDTCap (p = 0. 000 and p = 0. 000, respectively) groups. Conclusion: also, a significant increase in the expression of Pdx1 and GLUT2 was observed in the HFDTCap compared to the HFDCap (respectively P=0. 037, and p=0. 044). The results showed that HFD impaired pancreatic beta cell function and that aerobic exercise alone and with capsaicin could significantly increase islet cell function by increasing Pdx1 and GLUT2 expression.

Background: Diabetes type 2 is a metabolic disorder that it caused by insulin resistance. The aim of this research was to study the effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise with ginger supplement on FGF21, Irisin and insulin resistance in women with type 2 diabetes. Methods: In a quasi-experimental study with pretest posttest design, 24 women with type 2 diabetes were selected available and purposely as sample. The subjects divided randomly into two groups of control (placebo and exercise) and experimental (supplement and exercise). The experimental group take part in an exercise with moderate intensity 65-70 percent of target heart rate and three session per week. Ginger supplementation was performed at the same time for training with daily consumption of 1 g of ginger extract (250 g capsules) and four servings daily. The control group (placebo) also used similar capsules containing roasted flour. To evaluate serum levels of variables, blood sampling was taken from all subjects 24 hr before and after exercise and supplement intervention at 10hr fasting state. Results: Data were analyzed by using covariance test (p<0. 05). The results showed that eight weeks of aerobic training and ginger supplementation lead to increase in Irisin levels (p=0. 0001), FGF21 (p=0. 0001) and decrease in insulin resistance index (p=0. 0001). Conclusion: Results indicated that using aerobic exercise and ginger supplement versus aerobic exercise could have positive effects on regulatory factors of energy in people with type 2 diabetes.

Background: FOXO family proteins are important factors in autophagy pathway. Protein kinase-B is an important regulator for this family that can be regulated through exercise training. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of protein kinase-B (PKB) on FOXO autophagy family proteins (FOXO1 and FOXO3a) following high intensity interval training (HIIT) in the left ventricle of the heart of diabetic rats by streptozotocin (STZ) and nicotinamide. Methods: In this experimental study, 12 two-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats with a mean weight of 270± 20 g were selected. After type 2 diabetes induction with STZ and Nicotinamide, rats were randomly assigned to two groups, diabetic training (6 heads) and diabetic control (6 heads). The training group trained for 4 days a week in accordance with the training program for 8 weeks. SPSS software version 23 and independent t-test were used to analyze the data. Significance level is considered p≤ 0. 05. Results: HIIT training resulted in a significant increase in PKB protein content between training and control groups (P=0. 0001). In contrast, a significant decrease in protein content of FOXO1 (P=0. 003) and FOXO3a (P=0. 006) was observed between the training and control groups. Conclusion: It seems based on the results HIIT with increasing and regulating PKB leads to a decrease and inactivation of FOXO1 and FOXO3a proteins in the hearts of diabetic subjects. Inhibition of these proteins can prevent excessive cardiac autophagy in diabetic subjects.