IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING (IJPN)
Year:2020 | Volume:8 | Issue:4|Papers Count:10

Introduction: Implementation of psychological interventions in prisoners in order to improve their mental health is one of the necessary measures in the state prisons and security and corrective measures organization. Due to the importance of this issue, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on cognitive flexibility (CF) in prisoners. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test and control group, which was conducted in 2019 in the statistical population of non-financial prisoners in Ahvaz Central Prison. By purposeful sampling method, 40 prisoners were placed in two experimental and control groups. After receiving the pre-test, the experimental group underwent 8 sessions of CBT. The Cognitive Flexibility Inventory-CFI (Dennis & Vander, 2010) was used in the assessment process. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-21 statistical software. Results: The results indicated that the intervention played an effective role in increasing the perceptual components of different options (P = 0. 002, F = 11. 632) and controllability perception (P = 0. 002, F = 12. 044) as well as the CFI (P = 0. 0001, F = 27. 298) (P <0. 001); However, no significant difference was observed in the behavior perception component (P = 0. 942, F = 0. 005). Generally, CBT intervention was able to explain 0. 50 of the changes in CF. Conclusions: CBT Intervention has the potential to increase cognitive flexibility by modifying dysfunctional beliefs and behavioral activation. Based on this, it is suggested that the role of CBT intervention be considered in line with security and corrective measures.

Introduction: Head of household women are exposed to various psychological and social harms. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of reality therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy to social anxiety and attitude to the life in head of household women with symptoms of social anxiety. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test, follow-up, and control groups. The statistical population of this study included all head of household women referring to Baran and Navid social work clinics in Sari city in 1398, of which 45 people were selected by targeted sampling method and randomly in experimental groups (reality therapy and acceptance and commitment-based therapy and control were included. The tools used included the Jerabek Social Anxiety Scale (1996) and Battista &Almond and Life Regard Index (1973). Data were analyzed by mixed analysis of variance with repeated measures and version 19 of SPSS software. Results: Data analysis showed that acceptance and commitment therapy and reality therapy were effective in improving attitudes toward life meaning and social anxiety in head of household women with symptoms of social anxiety (P<0/05). There was no significant difference between the mean of reality therapy group with acceptance and commitment therapy in these variables (P>0/05). Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, psychological interventions such as reality therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy can be effective in improving social anxiety and attitudes about the meaning of life in the head of household women with symptoms of social anxiety.

Introduction: People working in health environments are exposed to serious risks and injuries. The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of burnout in the relationship between workfamily conflict and emotional intelligence with safety behavior in health care staff. Methods: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive based on the method and was a model of the structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study included all health workers of Mahabad city who were selected by stratified random sampling method of 200 people and completed the Safety Behavior Questionnaires, Work-Family Conflict Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory and Emotional Quotient Scale. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling method with Smart-PLS and SPSS software. Results: The findings indicated a fitting of the structural model of the research as well as a negative and significant relationship between work-family conflict and burnout with safety behavior as well as a positive and significant relationship between emotional intelligence and safety behavior. It was also found that burnout plays a mediating role in the relationship between emotional intelligence and work-family conflict with the safety behavior of health care staff (P <0. 01(. Conclusions: The present study showed that work-family conflict and emotional intelligence can predict the safety behaviors of health care personnel. It seems that the management system of the organization can improve the safety level of its employees by optimally managing these factors.

Introduction: AIDS is one of the most important socio-medical issues worldwide and can be used to identify attachment components within interpersonal relationships from the unique perspective of HIV-infected couples. The purpose of this study was to identify the components of romantic attachment in couples with human immune deficiency virus [HIV]. Methods: This is a qualitative study with inductive Conventional content analysis method in which 14 HIV-positive couples who referred to the Behavioral Disease Center of Mahshahr during 1398, were selected by purposeful sampling and participated in the study. Semi-structured in-depth inperson interviews were used to collect the data. Results: Data analysis led to a key subject titled “ romantic attachment” which its framework included eight components of "love and like", "security", "reassurance", "self-disclosure", " Conflict management", "maintaining a positive relationship", "physical well-being", and" sexual satisfaction ". Conclusions: The findings of the present study show the existence of romantic attachment in HIV couples that according to these components obtained for romantic attachment, with planning and selecting effective ways to promote these dimensions, can be used this component to empower these couples as much as possible.

Introduction: Although the relationship between intimate partner violence and the psychotic experiences of abused women have been investigated, less attention has been paid to the mediating factors of this relationship. So, the present study was carried out to develop and propose a model for psychotic experiences related with intimate partner violence among abused women, while considering the mediating role of character and temperament dimensions. Methods: This study was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population included all abused women who referred to Alborz Province Forensic Medicine General Office in 2020. The sample included 331 women who referred to mental health centers, who claimed to have been abused by their husbands. Also, forensic physicians confirmed the injuries after a medical examination. Participants were selected by convenience sampling method. They answered the modified version of national intimate partner and sexual violence survey scale, 16-item a version of the prodromal questionnaire, and the temperament and character inventory-short form. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and SPSS22 and LISREL8. 8 software. Results: The results showed that the direct path of intimate partner violence to temperament (p<0. 01), character (p<0. 01), and psychotic experiences (p<0. 05) was significant. The direct path of temperament to psychotic experiences (p<0. 01) and the direct path of character to psychotic experiences (p<0. 01) are significant. Also, indicated that the indirect path intimate partner violence to psychotic experiences through temperament-character dimensions was significant (p<0. 01). Conclusions: The findings of this study support the mediating role of temperament and character in the relationship between intimate partner violence and psychotic experiences. These results indicate the need to pay attention to the personality traits and psychotic experiences of abused women, as well as the use of appropriate training and treatment by specialists and therapists.

Introduction: Psychological and supportive factors are two contributing factors to problems in people with bipolar disorder, so this study aimed to investigate the mediating role of action for personal development in the relationship self-disclosure with codependency in Men with bipolar disorder type 1: path analysis model done. Methods: The research method was a descriptive correlation based on path analysis. The study population included all people with bipolar disorder at Psychiatric disorders treatment centers in Sari in 2020. To estimate the sample size based on Klein's (2010) the method, 74 questions in three questionnaires, and 3 coefficients with overestimation of 250 patients were selected according to inclusion criteria. The Self-Disclosure Questionnaire of Snell, et al (2001), the codependency Questionnaire of Hughes-Hummer, et al (1998), and the action for personal development Questionnaire Robitschek of (1998) were used. Data analysis was performed by path analysis. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18 and 23Amos software. Results: The results showed that there is a significant correlation between the variables of action for personal development and self-disclosure with the codependency at 0. 01 level. Overall, direct, and indirect paths predicted 63% of the codependency variable by self-disclosure and action for personal development variables. Conclusions: This study confirms the essential role of supportive factors in the treatment of bipolar patients that can provide practical implications for expensive therapies.

Introduction: Coping methods and social support play a role in adapting patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) to the complications of the disease. This study was designed and conducted to determine the relationship between social capital and coping styles of MS patients. Methods: The present study was descriptive-analytical. The study population was all patients with MS referred to Ahvaz MS Association. 40 people were selected as the research sample and available sampling method according to the inclusion characteristics. Data collection tools in this study were Onyx and Bullen's social capital questionnaires and Lazarus and Folkman's coping strategies. After data collection, the data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient and SPSS software version 22. Results: 70% of the patients were female, 45% were housewives and 55% had lower diploma literacy. 50% of them reported their social capital as low. Patients used problem-oriented coping styles more than emotion-oriented ones. 45% of them used coping styles to a lesser extent. Based on the results of the correlation coefficient test, there was a positive and statistically a significant correlation between the two variables of social capital and problem-oriented coping strategies in the studied patients (P = 0. 03), but between coping styles and its dimensions including Cognitive (P = 0. 158), structural (P = 0. 264) and communicative (P = 0. 355), no statistically a significant correlation was found. Conclusions: Because social capital has a positive and direct role in adapting to the problems caused by MS, it is necessary to work to increase the capital and social support of these patients and also to focus on the use and application of these funds by patients to cope with their problems.

Introduction: Anxiety disorders, as spiritual distresses in hemodialysis patients are associated with an increased risk of suicide that requires spiritual care. Evidence suggests that spiritual care is not based on a model consistent with the values and culture of Muslim patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of spiritual counseling based on the Sound Heart Model on the anxiety of hemodialysis patients. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted in 2018, for110 hemodialysis patients of Kamkar hospital in Qom. After convenience sampling according to inclusion criteria, obtaining informed the written consent and random allocation of samples to experimental and control groups, in the support-educational system, spiritual care based on a sound heart model was performed for patients and families of the experimental group, in 12 individual sessions, 35 to 45 minutes according to the patients' self-care ability. Beck Anxiety Questionnaire was completed by both groups before and after the intervention. Results: Independent t-test was used to compare anxiety between the two groups and a paired t-test was used to compare the level of anxiety before and after intervention in each group. The significance level of 0. 05. Calculations were performed with SPSS software version 24. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups before the intervention (p = 0. 530). After the intervention, the difference was significant (P = 0. 000). The mean score of anxiety in the control group did not show any significant difference before and after the intervention (p = 0. 692), the difference was significant in the intervention group (P <0. 001). Conclusions: Considering the impact of spiritual beliefs on patients adaptation, the necessity of community-based and holistic care, attention to patients' spiritual needs and findings of this study that indicate the effectiveness of spiritual counseling in reducing anxiety in hemodialysis patients, the use of a sound heart model is recommended.

Introduction: Learning disabilities in children affect many cognitive and behavioral areas, which ultimately lead to reduced social relationships and a lack of academic achievement. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation training and vestibular stimulation on neuropsychological characteristics of children with a specific learning disorder. Methods: The research method was semi-experimental with pre and post-test for two groups of experimental and control. The statistical population of this study consisted of all female students with special learning disorders with a diagnostic file in the Center for Learning Disabilities in Sari in the academic year of 2020. Of these, 45 were selected by the available method and randomly assigned to three groups of 15 individuals. For the first experimental group, the Powell (2017) Cognitive Rehabilitation Protocol for Children with Special Learning Disabilities was performed in 8 sessions of 45 minutes, for the second experimental group, the protocol of vestibular stimulation of Ganz (1997) was performed with 8 sessions of 45 minutes and no intervention was performed for the control group. The instrument used was the Teachers' Neuropsychological Characteristics Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using a multivariate analysis of covariance with spss18 software. Results: The findings showed that cognitive rehabilitation and vestibular stimulation affect the neuropsychological characteristics of children with specific learning disabilities (p≤ 0. 001), but cognitive rehabilitation treatment with an effect of 0. 988 is more effective then the effect of 0. 942 was obtained from the vestibular stimulation group (p≤ 0. 001). Conclusions: The findings of this study emphasized the role of cognitive education rather than motor education on the neuropsychological characteristics of children with special learning disabilities, which can provide practical implications to therapists and counselors for the treatment of pediatric neuropsychological characteristics.

Introduction: Nurses as a powerful arm of the health care system play an important role in the evolution and progress of care, treatment, improvement, and promotion of the system. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of self-compassion-based therapy on cognitive emotion regulation strategies and anxiety sensitivity in female nurses. Methods: In a quasi-experimental design, with pre-test-post-test with a control group, 30 female nurses working in the psychiatric ward working in hospitals (Imam Hossein (AS) and Bouali Hospital) in Tehran in 2019 to Targeted forms were selected and randomly assigned to two equal groups of 15 individuals. The experimental group then underwent compassion-focused treatment for 8 sessions and the control group did not receive any intervention. Participants completed the Anxiety Sensitivity Questionnaire and the Emotion Regulation Strategies Questionnaire in three baseline stages, after a two-month test and follow-up. Data were analyzed using univariate one-way analysis of variance and repeated measures with SPSS21 software. Results: The results of the analysis showed that the scores of the experimental group decreased compared to the control group in the anxiety sensitivity variable (the greatest decrease in the fear component of physical anxiety). There was also a significant difference in improving emotional regulation the follow-up stage of this difference is maintained (P<0. 01). Conclusions: It can be concluded that self-compassionate therapy due to its high efficiency, especially when it is held in groups, cheapness, and acceptance by nurses is an effective strategy to help people exposed to anxiety sensitivity and improved emotion regulation strategies.